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Rayleigh Wave Tomography Around Merapi Complex Using Seismic Ambient Noise

Conference Paper · March 2016

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Massita Cindy
Bandung Institute of Technology
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 Massita Putriastuti 1, Tedi Yudistira2, Andri
Dian Nugraha2

1Geophysical Engineering Graduate Program, Faculty of Mining and

Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung

2Global Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum

Engineering, Institut Teknologi

------------------------------------Abstract------------------------------------
Mt. Merapi is one of the most active and hazardous volcano not only in Indonesia but also in the earth.
Having height about 2968 meter above sea level it contains an active lava dome which regularly produces
pyroclastic flows and categories as stratovolcano. It erupt on average every 2-5 years and thousand of
people live on the flanks of the volcano. That’s make Mt. Merapi be one of the most hazardous volcano.
The last eruption occur was 26 October 2010 and after a large eruption in 2010 the characteristic of Mount
Merapi was changed. And because of the uniquene Merapi is closely monitored by the many geoscience
particularly in volcanological survey.
This research provides the application of ambient noise tomography (ANT) to create Rayleigh wave
group velocity maps around Mt. Merapi. The continuous data set are from DOMERAPI project which
consists of temporary seismic array of 40 broadband seismometers with approximately ten months
(October 2013 – July 2014 of recorded data). Because the seismic network used in this study is relatively
denser and also with sufficient of data volume, so that be able to generate better and relatively more
detail image compare to the previous studies. The resulted group velocity maps of Rayleigh wave for
period range 3 – 10 s shown anomaly pattern that agree with the previous results, both geological and
geophysical studies. Dominant positive anomaly is emerged with direction about 152°N continuous
beneath Mt. Merapi and Mt. Merbabu, beside the negative anomalies in its east and west flank.

Key words: Merapi volcano complex, Ambient Noise, Tomography, Rayleigh Wave

• What is Seismic Ambient noise?

Estimating the Green’s function (GF) between two receivers as if there were a source at one of the
receiver locations by cross-correlating the recorded seismic signal at the two stations and stacking the
cross-correlation over many times.
• Processing steps :

• Result and Discussion :

Body waves tomography result by Koulakov
et al. (2007)
by Zulfakriza
et al. (2014)

Ambient noise
tomography result

by Trichandi
et al. (2015)

Group velocity tomography result for 3 – 10 s period.

G. Merbabu G. Merbabu G. Merbabu G. Merbabu

G. Merapi G. Merapi G. Merapi G. Merapi

T : 4s T : 5s T : 6s
T : 3s

G. Merbabu G. Merbabu G. Merbabu

G. Merbabu

G. Merapi G. Merapi G. Merapi

G. Merapi

T : 7s T : 8s T : 9s T : 10s

km/s

Bouguer-corrected free air anomlay and gravity observation points 3-D resistivity model of Merapi by Müller and
used by Tiede et al. (2005) Haak (2004) with yellow body shows the high
3D Model of Positive anomaly
conductivity part.

3D Model of Negative anomaly

REFERENCES :
Koulakov, I., Bohm, M., Asch, G., Luhr, B.G. (2007). P And S Velocity Structure Of The Crust And The Upper Mantle Beneath Central Java From Local Tomography Inversion. Journal of Geophysical Research. 112. B08310.
Müller, A., and V. Haak (2004), 3-D Modelling Of A Conductivity Structure: Integrating Magnetotellurics, Induction Vectors And The Effect Of Steep Topography—A Case Study From Merapi Volcano (Central Java), J. Volcanol. Geotherm.
Res.,138(3–4), 205–222.
Tiede, C., A.G. Camacho, and C. Gerstenecker, (2005). Modelling The Density At Merapi Volcano 678 Area, Indonesia, Via The Inverse Gravimetric Problem, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. (G3), 6(9), 679 pp.1-13.
Trichandi, R., Yudistira T., Nugraha. (2014). The Preliminary Results: Seismic Ambient Noise Rayleigh Wave Tomography Around Merapi Volcano, Central Java, Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings 1658, 050010.
Zulfakriza, Z., Saygin, E., Cummins, P.R., Widiyantoro, S., Nugraha, (2014). Upper Crustal Structure Of Central Java, Indonesia, From Transdimensional Seismic Ambient Noise Tomography. Geophys. J. Int
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