Drying Hopper Design

(TK-401)
General
Drying Hopper system shall be installed to reduce the volatile content in powder out
The carrier gas for Drying Hopper shall be supplied from two source:
1. Fresh Nitrogen.
2. Circulated Off Gas (XN) from C-302.
The main factors that affect to operation and design for Drying Hopper;
a. Flow pattern (fall in Fluidized bed condition)
b. Residence time (contact time between carrier gas and powder)
c. Inlet dew point of carrier gas.

a. Flow pattern in Dryer Hopper.

- Calculation for superficial velocity
Particle Apparent Dens= 950 kg/m3
Gas Density (rg) = 0.95852 kg/m3 at 200 mmAq, 90 C
Gas Viscosity (mg) = 1E-05 kg/ms = 0.01 cp
rg = 1.293*(Pg/Pair)*(Mwg/Mwair)*(Tair/Tg)
0.95852
(Density of dry air at 0 C and 760 mm 1.293 kg/m3 @ Mw = 28.96
Minimum Fluidizing Velocity : Umf
From Wen and Yu's equation
Average particle diame= 0.0001 m = 100 mm at dp 50%
dp*Umf*rg/mg [(33.7)2 + 0.0408*dp3rg*(rp-rg)*g/(mg)2]0.5 -33.7
0.052
Umf 0.006 m/s

Terminal Veloci Um
Case No. 1 Um g*(rp-rg)*dp2/(18*mg) Re <0.4
Case No. 2 Um [4*(g*(rp-rg))2*dp3/(225*rg*mg)]
0.4 1/3
< Re < 500
Case No. 3 Um [3.1*g*(rp-rg)*dp/rg]0.5 500 < Re < 200,000
Minimum particle diame= 0.00002 m 20 mm at dp 50%
Case No. 1 Um 0.02 m/s Re 0.038 OK
Case No. 2 Um 0.108 m/s Re 0.203 Not OK
Case No. 3 Um 0.776 m/s Re 1.458 Not OK

Recommendable Superficial Velocity : U

Umf U < Um
0.005521 U < 0.02 m/s

- Operating range of carrier gas for Drying Hopper

Dimension of TK-5401
Diameter = 3840 mm
Cross-Section Area = 11.58 m2
Maximum carrier gas fl 845.7 m3/hr o 648 Nm3/hr Facor ### at 90 C /P = 0.02 B
Minimum carrier gas fl 230.2 m3/hr o 176 Nm3/hr
Maximum carrier gas flow rate for equ 1099 Nm3/hr (From MCI)

b. Residence time
From MCI 's laboratory data;
 Maximum flow of nitrog 1.0 NL/min. 0.001 m3/min at 100 C, ATM
Dimension drying columDia. 63 mm
Gas velocity in column = 0.0073 m/s
Minimum gas velocity for fluidization 0.006 m/s
Drying condition in Lab. Tes Fluidizing condition may be allowable but not enough.
From MCI drying curve : Fig. 3
Drying time from 5000 ppmwt to 1000 p 12 min.
Drying time from 5000 ppmwt to 100 pp 26 min.

Residence time for des 30 min.

Dimension of Drying Hopper
Hopper Diameter 3840 mm Height of conic 4600 mm
Height of cylin 4250 mm Powder Height 3000 mm (From TL)
Holding volume 53.4 m3 Bulk density = 360 kg/m3
Full Volume 74.39 m3
Working Volume 53.0 m3
Residence time at 26 t53.0*360*60/26000
44 minutes
Actual Residence time (44 min.) > Minimum Residence time (30 min.)

c. Inlet Dew point of carrier gas;

Inlet condition of E-405;
Carrier gas flow rate from C 800 Nm3/hr
Operating pressure = 3.0 kg/cm2G
Dew point = 0C
Hexane molar ratio = e2.303*{6.87776-[1171.53/(224.366+T(C))]}/[(760/1.033)*(P+1.033)]
Hexane molar ra EXP(2.303*(6.87776-(1171.53/(224.366+F75))))/((760/1.033)*(F74+1.033

Outlet condition of E-405 (enter to TK-401);

Carrier gas flow rate from C 800 Nm3/hr
Operating pressure = 0.02 kg/cm2G
Estimated dew point = -22.12 C
Hexane molar ratio = 0.01571
Operating temperature = 100 C
Therefore,
Inlet Dew point ### C at operating condition
Critical Dew po 5C at equilibrium condition of 400 ppmwt wetness

Outlet condition of TK-401 (Drying Hopper);

Hexane vaporized = 120 kg/hr 1.39 mol/hr
Carrier gas flow = 800 Nm3/hr 35.71 mol/hr
Hexane molar ratio = 0.05217
Operating pressure = 0.02 kg/cm2G
Estimated dew point = -2.28 C
Hexane molar ratio = 0.05172
Operating temperature = 99 C
Therfore,
Outlet dew poin -2.28 C at operating condition
Critical dew po > 40 C at equilibrium condition 5000 ppm