1. Present Forms f: Present Forms What are you doing, Jenny? You've been ~ Where's the cow? Where's the sitting quietly at your desk all morning. _) iellaaalbilal PF grass? | can’t see anything! I'm drawing a picture of a cow eating grass, Miss. Well, the cow has gone home, Miss, \ because there ion't any more grassl Present Simple Present Cont. Present Perfect Present Perf. Cont. permanent situations temporary situations —_recently completed actions started in the or states. They're staying at the actions past and continuing She works as a nurse. Park Hotel at present. She has tidied her room. up to the present ‘She owns a large shop. (She has finished tidying He’s been writing a herroom. You can see _ etter for two hours. (He itis tidy now. - evidence _ started two hours ago in the present) and he's still writing it.) repeated / habitual actions happening at or actions which happened _ past actions of certain actions (especially around the moment at an unstated past time duration having visible with frequency adverbs: _ of speaking and are connected with results or effects in the often, usually etc) She is looking for a the present present Jusually get up at 7.30. _ better job. He has lost his keys. (He She's been crying. is stil ooking for them.) (Her eyes are red.) permanent truths or repeated actions with personal experiences/_actions expressing anger, laws of nature “always” expressing changes whichhave _ irritation, annoyance, Money doesn't buy annoyance or criticism happened explanation or criticism happiness. She's always ve lost 10 kilos. Who has been using my Water freezes at 0°C. _ interrupting me! toothbrush? (annoyance) timetables/programmes fixed arrangements in emphasis on number —_ emphasis on duration (future meaning) the near future She's written three (usually with for, since The match finishes The Browns are letters since this morning. _ or how long) at 7.45, visiting us tonight. She has called on two —_She’s been calling on The plane leaves at 6.05. (It's all arranged.) clients since 12 o'clock. _ clients since this morning. reviews/sports changing or developing Note : live, feel and work can be used either in commentaries! situations the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Cont. dramatic narrative His English is with no difference in meaning. Meryl Streep acts getting better. ve been living/I’ve lived in Rome for a year. riliantly in this film.Time expressions used with : Present Simple every day/week/month/year, usually, often, always, rarely, never, sometimes, in the morning/evening/afternoon, at night, on Mondays ete Present Cont. now, at the moment, at present, nowadays, today, tonight, always, still ete Present Perfect just, ever, never, already, yet (negations & questions), always, how long, so far, recently, since (= from a starting point in the past), for (= over a period of time), today, this week / month etc Present Pert. Cont. how long, for, since @ Put the verbs into the correct column in the 3rd person singular. watch, play, buy, go, fly, get, drop, kiss, say, cry, write, mix, dry, sneeze, reach, pay, smash, try, drive © Add -ing to the following verbs and put them into the correct column. rub, listen, lie, use, bring, run, tie, dive, hope, go, die, cry, come, travel, put listening dying, diving travelling (©) Write the past participle of the following verbs. 1. break ... broken 3. swim 5. bring 7.write 2. meet 4. finish 6. send 8.read © Match the sentences with the meaning of the tense used in each of them. 1. He drinks a litre of milk every day. a. emphasis on duration 2. Milk contains a lot of vitamins. . temporary situation 3. He is getting stronger. . repeated action expressing annoyance 4, She has just passed her exams. d. emphasis on number 5. She is having a party at the moment. e. habitual action 6. He has been working all day. f. recently completed action 7. She has phoned him three times this morning. Q. permanent truth 8. He is always borrowing money from me. h. changing or developing situation 9. She has been walking all morning. i. fixed arrangement in the near future (Her feet are aching.) j. past action of certain duration having visible results 10. They are getting married next week. (They've in the present already sent the invitations.) 1 é 2. 3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.1. Present Forms in with Present Simple or Present Continuous. Hi, Mum! Hello, June, Where 1) (you / call) from? June: 12) moment. My boss 3) (have) lunch with his wife now. He June : Mum : are you calling (be) at work at the 4) (often/take) her to lunch on Tuesdays. Mum : Well, why 5) (youlphone)? Is there anything wrong? June : No, | just want you to know that | 6) (come) home next Saturday. Mum : What time 7) (your train/arrive) in Leeds? its) (leave) London at 11 o'clock and 9) (arrive) in Leeds at 2 o'clock. See you on Saturday then. June Mum Stative Verbs Verbs describing a permanent state (stative verbs) do not normally have continuous forms. These are: (1) verbs of the senses : see, hear, smell, feel, taste etc (We often use can or could with these verbs. eg. Can you see that tall boy over there?) The verbs look, watch and listen express deliberate actions and can be used in continuous forms. eg. Be quiet please! I'm listening to the news. But: can’t hear you. Can you speak louder, please? The verbs feel and hurt can be used in either continuous or simple forms, though. eg. A: How are you feeling today? or How do yau feel today? leg is hurting. or My leg hurts. (2) verbs of opinion : agree, believe, consider etc (3) verbs of emotions : feel, forgive, hate, like, love etc (4) other verbs : appear (=seem), be, belong, fit (= be the right shape and size for sth), have (=possess), know, look (= appear), need, prefer, require, want, weigh, wish etc eg. He knows where Peter is. (not is-krewing) ‘Some stative verbs (see, smell, taste, feel, think, have etc) have continuous forms but there is. a difference in meaning. STATE | think she's rich. (= | believe) The milk tastes awful. (= it has a bad flavour) He has a pet dog. (= he owns) This cloth feels like velvet. (= has the texture) | see you're in trouble. (= | understand) The kitchen smells of burt meat. (= has the smell) He comes from Spain. (= he was born in) ove holidays. (in general) Your hair looks great. (= it appears) The baby weighs 5 kilos. (= itis) Ann is very tall. ACTION I'm thinking about your pian. (= I'm considering) He's tasting the sauce; it might need some salt. (= he's trying its flavour) He's having dinner now. (= he's eating) ‘She's feeling her way in the dark. (= she's finding her way) I’m seeing my lawyer tonight. (= I'm visiting) Why are you smelling your food? (= trying the smell of) He's coming from Spain. (= he's travelling from) 'm loving this holiday. (= I'm enjoying; specific) She's looking at some old photographs. (= she's examining) I'm weighing myself on my new scales. (= I'm finding out my weight) Ann is being very kind to me these days. she's behaving)1. Present Forms Underline the correct item. 1.1 see /am seeing that the situation is out of control. 2. The sausages are tasting/taste delicious. 3. Do you enjoy/Are you enjoying this party? 4, You haven't said a word all morning. What are you thinking/do you think about? 5. He haslis having a Siamese cat. 6. These flowers are smelling/smell nice. 7.1 don't know/am not knowing where she keeps the keys. 8. Why are you feeling/do you feel your pockets? Have you lost anything? 9. Why do you smell/are you smelling the milk? Do you think it has gone off? 10. Annas Italian. She is coming/comes from Italy. 11, That dress looks/is looking nice on you. 12. Paul listens/is listening to a new record in his room. 18. If you don’t look/aren't looking at that comic book, I'd like to see it 14. Joan weighs/is weighing 50 kilos. 15. Mary is/is being very naughty these days. inuous. Fill in with Present Simple or Cor ‘Sue : What 1) are you doing (you/do) now? Mark : 12) (look) through these old film magazines. Look, here's an old picture of Jack Nicholson. Sue : Oh, 13) (think) he 4) (look) awfull And his suit 5) (novfit) him properly. Mark : Yes, 16) (agree). And he 7) (appear) to be really angry. | wonder what he 8) (think) about. Sue : He 9) (be) in that new film that's on at the Odeon now, isn't he? Mark : Yes, | saw it last night. He 10) (look) very different now. He 11) (weigh) a lot more. Sue : 112) (hope) it's a good film. | 13) (see) it tonight. Stuart 14) (take) me. Actually, he 15) (be) very nice to me these days. Mark : He probably 16) (want) to borrow some money. Sue :117) (see). That explains it. ® Fill in: yet or already. Mike : Haven't you cleaned the bathroom 1) yet? Chris : Stop complaining! You've 2) asked me that three times today. Why is it so important? Mike : I've 3) told you. My parents are coming to stay this weekend. Chris : Well, don't worry! They haven't come 4) have they? Anyway, it's not my turn to clean the bathroom. I've 5) done it this month. Mike : That's not true. You've been living here for nearly a year and | haven't seen you do any cleaning 6) Fill in: since or for. John and Norma have been married 1) for. 20 years. They have been living in New York 2) 1989, John has been working on Wall Street 3) four years and he has made a lot of money 4) he started working there. Norma hasn't worked 5) they moved to New York but she has been writing a book 6) the past two years. She has had a lot of spare time 7) their son left home four years ago to work in France.1. Present Forms Have gone to / Have been to / Have been in Where's Johnny, Ann? ) Hello, Dad. I've been Yes, | know. Is your to the dentist. tooth better now? ( “ oo He's gone to the dentist. He hasn't come back yet. ) I don't know. | left it at the dentist’ He has gone to Brussels. ( =He's there or on his way to Brussels.) He has been to Brussels once. ( =He's visited Brussels but he's back now.) He has been in Brussels for two months. ( =He's in Brussels now.) Fill in : has - have been in/to, has - have gone to. Editor : Where's Stevens? | haven't seen him for days. Secretary: He 1) has gone to Washington to interview Kim Basinger. Editor : How long 2) he Washington? Secretary : Three days. Editor ; What about Milton and Knowles? Secretary: They 3) London. They're going to interview the Royal Family. Editor: 4) anyone Paris to talk to Alain Delon? Secretary : Smith 5) his country house. He interviewed him there yesterday actually. He's ‘coming back today. in : yet, since, for, tonight, often or how long. 4. John is flying to Nicosia... tonight [4 have you been working here? 2. She hasn't met Cathy 5. She cooks exatic dishes. 3. | haven't seen him last week. 6. Jim has been in Lisbon four years. Match the sentences with the meaning of the tense used in each of them. 1. Vieira passes to Henry ... and a. action started in the past and Henry scores! continuing up to the present 2. Who's been drinking my orange juice? b. permanent situation 3, Light travels faster than sound. . past action at an unstated time connected with the 4, He's been watching TV since 6 o'clock. present 5. Spencer opens the door and sees the 4. sports commentary murderer. e. personal experience/change which has happened 6. He lives in Tokyo. f. action happening at/around the moment of speaking 7. |'ve learnt a lot in this class. g. timetable 8. The film starts at 11 o'clock. h. action expressing irritation 9. My mother is writing a book. i, dramatic narrative 10. He has written to the Prime Minister. j. law of nature 1d 2 3 4. 5 6 7 8. 9. 10.@® ut the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect or Present P. ertect Continuous. Dear Linda, spin Australia. Things at home are the Tim glad to hear that you are enjoying youree! ceame as usual. Your father!) ive been working.» (WO) very hard. Susan 2) °° (justipace) her arving tee, ‘Alex B) «ose M otiunite) for weeks, probar'y pecause he 4) vcsanasaneee (BbUdy) very hard for hie exams. Uncle Ton 5) (build) a shed in she garden. | cin wl be ready oro month. Mir Brown) Crotfee) wel recerty He7) (wait) "ie dacror four times this month. The ee (have) varee puppies: Mre Smith 9) » “.. (notlopen) ‘ (pain) fe for weet | dog 8) ; 124 Tew ohop yet. The decorators 1) + in Australia. 11) 1 hope you enjoy ‘the rest of your tay I . (you /2ee) the famous Oper HY set? Tna sende her love. Write £2 me 800". Love, Mum. @ Fillin ith Preset nt S., Present Cont., Present Perfect or Present Perfect Cont. Arthur : 11) "ve be een searching iene 9 (search) for a house for servi ne agen y ‘arthur : Well, the ng ne) =. |, the people lving next t a om te main problem. They 5) ome’) seinen (8) jayslargue), especially at night. Sandra : on dear 6). ree u a ~~ (you! ever! z an erloomplain Arthur : sree, but they 7). = eT iy tn er (keep on) making ne core ses le) to sleep well lately, and | 10) C (feel) sleepy all week. Fill @ Fit in with Present Perfect or Present Pertect Continuous Robinson Crusoe ha 's been st zm ona desert island for the past si a & Here is a lette ening tie r he wrote and put in a bottle : = Dear Anybody, 1)... have been... (be) on this ialand for six months now. Ib is 4 miracle that 12) cvsessnenreceseeres* (aurvive) for this long 13). venseeneereeeest (eat) figh and fruit since | got here. Fortunately, !4) -- = (notice) any dangerous annals veae (rain) her wae fire, but it 5) : uid) a shelter out of ack yet. When | arrived here the weat ‘continuously for the past HW weeks, 6016) --s0000"" vd leaves, whichis really quite coos My main problem is loneiee6, 22 1D) ovsers (not/epeak) to anyone for 20 long. Recently |) (calk) F ¥$ to myself, but it ien't very interesting. Please help me R, Crusoene a tact roms @ Fill in with Present s., Present Cont, Present Perfect or Present Perfect Cont. Tom : 1) ...Have you seen. . (you/see) the state of this kitchen? Someone 2) .. (wash) clothes in the sink and they're still there! Fred : Yes, | know. | usually 3) (use) the bath, but it 4) (be) too dirty at the moment. ‘Tom : Why didn’t you clean it? You 5) (live) here for two months now, and | 6) (never/see) you do any housework. Fred : What do you mean? 7) (wash) the dishes at least three times and | always 8) (make) my bed. Tom : Rubbish! You 9) . (always/make) a mess and not cleaning up afterwards. Fred : What about you? You 10) ... (always/drink) my milk! Tom : Don't be ridiculous! Where 11) ...........:.0.2++ (you/go)? Fred : Out! | 12) (see) my gitfriend this evening. Tom : What about the kitchen? Fred : Bye! The teacher divides the class into two teams. He/She sets a situation on the board. Then he/she shows the students word flashcards with the time adverbs from page 4. The teams in turn make sentences using the time adverb shown each time. Each correct sentence gets 1 point. The team with the most points is the winner. Situations : she/clean/room, she/iron/clothes, he/wash/dishes, he/write/letter etc Teacher: (shows now) Teacher: (shows already) ‘Team A S1: She's cleaning the room now. Team B S1:She has already cleaned the room etc The teacher prepares a list of time expressions and divides the class into two teams. He/She then starts a story. The teams in turn continue the story using the time expression given by the teacher. Each correct sentence gets 1 point. The team with the most points is the winner. Teacher: on Sundays Team B $1: My brother hasn't got up yet We get up late on Sundays. Teacher : still today Team A $2: He's stil sleeping. Team A $1: But today we got up early Teacher : at the moment because we are going for a picnic. Team B $2: Mother is trying to wake my Teacher: yet brother up at the moment. etePresent Forms me Write the letter in full sentences. Use the present forms. Dear Ted, 1. write / you / London. 2. | be / here / a week / and / | enjoy myself / very much. 3. So far /1 see / most of /important historic places. 4, | usually / spend / several hours every day /in museums and galleries. 5, The hotel /| stay / be / lovely / but / be very expensive, 6. s0 | plan / move / cheaper one / rest / my stay. 7. Tomorrow / | take / trip through Kent / which / | look forward to. 8. hope / you be / OK. See you soon, Richard — <> Use this list of adjectives (happy, pleased, desperate, sad, depressed, angry) to write a letter of 60-80 words toa friend, giving the good/bad news about people you both know. Dear Paul, ¥'m fine. Everyone here is OK, though we all miss you a lot. Ann is very happy because she has moved to a bigger house. ... In Other Words I've never eaten pizza before. I've never read such a good book. It's the first time I've ever eaten pizza. Its the best book I've ever read. @ Rephrase the following sentences. 1. have never tasted muesli before. It's the first time I've ever tasted muesli. 2. I've never seen such a boring film. I's 3. He has never been to New York before. It's 4 She has never had such a delicious meal. I's 5. She's never flown before. It's @ Rephrase the following sentences using the words in bold type. 1, She has never been to the club before. first It's the firet time she has ever been to the club. 2. She has never heard such a funny story. funniest 3. It’s the first time she has ever read Tolstoy. never 4. It's the worst headache she's ever had. bad 5. He's never played cricket before. ever1. Present Forms the correct preposition or adverb. 1. Our school usually breaks ...... up....... forthe summer in July. 2, My car broke on the motorway and had to walk to a garage. 3. When she fell off the chair, the whole class broke laughter. 4. The prisoner managed to break of prison after murdering the guard. breakout: 1) begin suddenly (war, fre etc) 5. The robber broke the house by 2) escape from a place smashing a window. 6. The fire broke in the basement break up : stop for holidays and quickly spread upwards. (of schools etc) 7. At the funeral, the boy's mother broke and started crying. @ Look at Appendix 1 and fill in the correct preposition. 1. She blamed him for the murder. 7. She is brilliant gymnastics. 2. They arrived London at 7:30. 8.1 was not aware zi the problem. 3.1 must apologise Mary the delay. 9. am afraid a snakes. 4.1 am very annoyed John 10, He does not associate his colleagues. being so careless 11, They were ashamed .... their children’s behaviour. 5.He was accused being a thief. 12. He was astonished the way he spoke to the 6.He believes God. manager. @ Fittin the correct idiom. 1. | was so shocked by the news that | .was at a loss for words. * 2, Look what you've done! | wouldn't like to when Mum gets home, 3. "What do you P| work as a nurse.” 4. After the divorce, they didn't talk for months, but now they . a Seer with each other. "be broke : have no money at all 5. | don't get paid till Friday, so now | do one’s best : try as hard as possible 6. Although he , he didn't win the race. dosbafavour: doth tohelp sb 7. Could you «Pit you're going out, could you get me some milk? do (sth) for a living : have a job andeam money —_—_-8. Now’s a good time to ask for a rise because the boss