Experiment:5 Date:-

Object:
TO perform Single-phase Half Controlled Rectifier with different firing angle control of DC Motor
Drives.

Apparatus:
Matlab Software

Theory:
Single-phase half-wave controlled rectifiers:
The controlled rectifiers are constituted by Thyristors. The Thyristor
is basically a diode controlled by positive voltage among gate (G)
and anode (A).
The main difference between controlled rectifiers and not controlled
Rectifiers is based on the fact that the Thyristor conduction and non-conduction
states can be controlled externally.

Figure:- single phase half wave controlled rectifier a) circuit connections

b) output voltage waveform

The Thyristors can be made to conduct during the whole part of positive cycle or for some part of
positive cycle, in this way we can control the amount of power flowing from source to load in
controlled rectifiers.
In this lab session we will deal with rectifiers which are capable to decide the moment when we
may trigger the Thyristor by using PC.

The behaviour of controlled rectifier will depend, to a great extent, on the load type used.
Pure resistive load (R): where the voltage is annulled when its direction changes. The average
output voltage for resistive load will be :
V average = [1 + cos ] V/2
Inductive load (R-L), where the conduction continues until the moment when the current in the
coil is annulled, although the output voltage inverts its polarity.
The average output voltage for RL load will be :

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 V average = [ cos {cos( + )}] V/2

In order to separate the output voltage and the load type, we may use the
freewheeling diode (FWD), which avoids the inversion of polarization in the
output voltage.

Circuit Diagram:

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Experiment:6 Date:-

Object:
TO perform Single-phase Half-wave Controlled Rectifier with different firing angle control
of DC Motor Drives.

Apparatus:
Matlab software
Theory:
Single-phase full wave controlled rectifiers:
By the use of four Thyristor, rectifier circuit performance can be greatly improved.
In full control single phase rectifier the Thyristor are divided into the two group,
one with common anodes and other with common cathodes as shown below in the
figure.

Thyristor Th 1 and Th 4 will conduct when input

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 voltage is positive. Thyristor Th 2 and Th 3 will
conduct when input voltage is negative.

The average output voltage for R load will be:

V average = (1 + cos ) V/
The average output voltage for RL load will be:
V average = ( cos ) 2V/

The behavior of the rectifier will depend considerably on the used load type, i.e.
R Load or RL Load.

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Experiment:7 Date:-

Object:
TO perform Single-phase full-wave Controlled Rectifier with different firing angle control of
DC Motor Drives.

Apparatus:
Matlab software

Theory:
Single-phase full wave controlled rectifiers:
By the use of four Thyristor, rectifier circuit performance can be greatly improved.
In full control single phase rectifier the Thyristor are divided into the two group,
one with common anodes and other with common cathodes as shown below in the
figure.

Figure: Single-phase, full-wave controlled rectifier:

(a) circuit diagram and (b) load voltage and current waveforms for R load.

Thyristor Th 1 and Th 4 will conduct when input

voltage is positive. Thyristor Th 2 and Th 3 will
conduct when input voltage is negative.

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Experiment:8 Date:-

Object:
TO perform three-phase half-wave Controlled Rectifier with different firing angle control of
DC Motor Drives.

Apparatus:
Matlab software
Theory:
Three-phase half-wave controlled rectifiers:
Three-phase electricity supplies with balanced, sinusoidal voltages are widely
available. It is found that the use of a three-phase rectifier system, in comparison
with a single-phase system, provides smoother output voltage and higher rectifier
efficiency. Also, the utilization of any supply transformers and associated equipment
is better with poly-phase circuits. If it is necessary to use an output filter this can be
realized in a simpler and cheaper way with a poly-phase rectifier.

Figure: Three-phase, half-wave controlled rectifier with resistive load: (a) circuit connection,
(a) phase voltages at the supply, output voltage, output current.

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Experiment:9 Date:-

Object:
TO perform three-phase full-wave Controlled Rectifier with different firing angle control of
DC Motor Drives.

Apparatus:
Matlab software

Theory:
Three phase controlled full wave rectifier:-
Three phase controlled full wave rectifier is just like assembly of two controlled,
three phase half wave rectifiers. One with common anodes and other with common
cathodes as shown below.

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 Figure:- Three Phase controlled full wave rectifier with resistive load
a) Circuit connections with load b) load voltage and
load current waveforms.

Th 1, Th 2, Th 3, conduct when the voltages Vr, Vs, Vt respectively are

most positive provided that the Thyristor have been triggered.
Th 4, Th 5, Th 6, conduct when the voltages Vr, Vs, Vt respectively are most
negative provided that the Thyristor have been triggered.

The average output voltage for R load will be:

60 (direct conduction ) V average = (cos wt) 3 3V/
60 (discontinuous conduction) V average = (1 - 3/2 sin + 1/2 cos )3 3V/

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 Experiment:10 Date:-

Object:
To construct chopper fed dc motor drive simulation using MATLAB
Apparatus:
Matlab software

Figure 3.24 (a) illustrates this mode of operation with a one quadrant chopper feeding the motor from dc supply
of voltage V, the field being excited from a separate source. Figure 3.24 (b) shows the quadrant of operation.
When the chopper conducts, voltage across the motor armature is supply voltage V, and when it blocks,
voltage across the motor armature is zero. Therefore, both average voltage and current are positive and power
can flow from supply source to the load, and thus, represents motoring operation. The voltage across the motor
armature is given as-

Va = αV …(3.36)

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where α is the duty cycle of the chopper.

Freewheeling diode DFW is necessary so that the armature current may flow when the chopper is off. The power
supplied to the motor is given as-
P=VaIa = αVIa …(3.37)
The current drawn from the supply is-

I = αla …(3.38)
By varying the duty cycle α, the speed of the motor can be controlled.

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