Cartesian Coordinate Plane

First take a look at………….

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A little history

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Cartesian Plane
Now, let’s take a look at…

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Cartesian plane

Formed by
intersecting
two
real number
lines at
right angles

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Cartesian plane

Horizontal
axis is
usually
called the
x-axis

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Cartesian plane
Vertical
axis is
usually
called the
y-axis

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 Cartesian plane

Also called:

 x-y plane

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Cartesian plane
Also called:
 x-y plane
 rectangular
coordinate
system

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Now, let’s take a closer look…

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Cartesian plane

Divides into
Quadrants

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Cartesian plane

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Cartesian plane

II I

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Cartesian plane

II I

III
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Cartesian plane

II I

III IV
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Cartesian plane

II I

III IV
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Cartesian plane

The
intersection
of the two
axes is
called the
origin

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Cartesian plane

Math Alert II I
The
quadrants
do not
include the
axes
III IV
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 Cartesian plane

Math Alert II I
A point on the
x or y axis is
not in a
quadrant
III IV
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Cartesian plane

Each point in
the (x,y)
x-y plane is
(x,y)
associated
with an
(x,y)
ordered (x,y)
pair, (x,y)

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Cartesian plane

The x and y of (x,y)

the ordered
pair, (x,y)
(x,y), are called
its (x,y)
coordinates (x,y)

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Cartesian plane

Math Alert
There is an
infinite
amount of
points in the
Cartesian
plane

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Take note of these graphing
basics

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Cartesian plane

 Always start
at (0,0)---every
point
“originates” at
the origin

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Cartesian plane y

 In plotting (x,y)
---remember the
directions of
both the x and y x
axis

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Cartesian plane

 (x,---)
x-axis goes
left and right

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Cartesian plane

 (---,y)
y-axis goes
up and down

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Now, let’s look at plotting…

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Now, let’s look at plotting…

(2,1)
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Cartesian plane
(2,1)
Start at (0,0)
( + , ---)
(2,1)
Move right
2

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Cartesian plane

(2,1)
(---, + )
(---, 1)
(2,1)
Move up 1

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Now, let’s look at plotting…

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Now, let’s look at plotting…

(4, 2)
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Cartesian plane

(4, 2)
 Start at (0,0)
( + , ---)
 Move right 4
(4, 2)

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Cartesian plane
(4, 2)
(---, - )
(---, -2)
Move (4, 2)
down 2

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Now, let’s look at plotting…

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Now, let’s look at plotting …

(3,5)
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Cartesian plane
(3,5)
Start at (0,0)
( - , ---) (3,5)
Move left 3

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Cartesian plane
(3,5) (3,5)
(---, + )
(---, 5)
Move up 5

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Now, let’s look at plotting …

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Now, let’s look at plotting …

(0, 4)
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Cartesian plane
(0, 4)
Start at (0,0)
(none,---) (0, 4)
No move
right or left

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 Cartesian plane
(0, 4)
(0, 4)
(0, + )
(---, 4)
Move up 4

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Now, let’s look at plotting …

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Now, let’s look at plotting …

(5,0)
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 Cartesian plane
(5,0)
Start at (0,0)
( - ,---) (5,0)
Move left 5

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Cartesian plane
(5,0)
( ---, 0)
No move up
( 5,0)
or down

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Now, let’s look at a little plotting
practice…

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 Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point---
Or what is the
‘(x,y)’of the
point?

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
(2, 4)
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(4, 2)
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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate (0,3)
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(3, 3)
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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions: (1,6)
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(5,0)

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Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
the point two
units
to the left of the
y-axis and five
units above the
x-axis 61
Cartesian plane
Directions: (2,5)
Find the
coordinates of
the point two
units
to the left of the
y-axis and five
units above the
x-axis 62
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
the point on the
x-axis and three
units to the left
of the
y-axis
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 Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
a point on the x-
axis and three
units to the left (3,0)
of the
y-axis
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Hanapin Mo ‘ko
Lesson 2: Representations of
Relations and Functions

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Relations & Functions

Relation: a set of ordered pairs

Domain: the set of x-coordinates
Range: the set of y-coordinates

When writing the domain and range, do not

repeat values.
Relations and Functions

Given the relation:

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0,0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}
State the domain:
D: {0,1, 2, 3}
State the range:
R: {-6, 0, 4}
Relations and Functions

• Relations can be written in

several ways: ordered pairs,
table, graph, or mapping.
Table

{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), x y

(-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)} 3 4
7 2
0 -1
-2 2
-5 0
3 3
Mapping

• Create two ovals with the domain on

the left and the range on the right.
• Elements are not repeated.
• Connect elements of the domain with
the corresponding elements in the
range by drawing an arrow.
Mapping

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0, 0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}

2
-6
1
4
0
0
3
Functions

• A function is a relation in which the

members of the domain (x-values)
DO NOT repeat.
• So, for every x-value there is only
one y-value that corresponds to it.
• y-values can be repeated.
Do the ordered pairs represent a
function?
{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), (-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)}
No, 3 is repeated in the domain.

{(4, 1), (5, 2), (8, 2), (9, 8)}

Yes, no x-coordinate is repeated.
Do the maps represent a
function?
No, -2 and 0 are not mapped to
exactly one element in the range

Yes, the domain is mapped exactly

to one element in the range
Do the maps represent a
function?
Yes, the domain is mapped exactly
to one element in the range

No, the domain is mapped

to more than one element in the
range