BUILDING

MATERIALS AND
CONSTRUCTION V
VARIOUS SUSPENDED CEILINGS

 EXPOSED OR LAY IN GRID

 CONCEALED GRID
 SEMI-CONCEALED GRID
 METAL CLIP IN TILES
 METAL STRIP
 OPEN CELL CEILING
 BESPOKE METAL CEILING
 METAL FURRING SYSTEMS
 PERIMETER TRIMING
EXPOSED OR LAY IN GRID

 A system where the grid is visible

and into which panels are laid.
 They consist of long metal strips,
called "mains," which are
interconnected with shorter metal
pieces known as "tees
CONCEALED GRID

 They can be suspended, fastened

directly or bonded with adhesive.
 With no visible grid, even ceilings
that contain services installations
will appear uninterrupted.
SEMI-CONCEALED GRID

 This system is designed to support planks tiles

that are up to 300 mm wide and 1200 , 1500 ,
1800 and up to 2500 mm long.
METAL CLIP IN TILES
METAL STRIP
OPEN CELL CEILING
BESPOKE METAL CEILING

 Our Bespoke Ceiling solutions use

a custom sub-frame that is
attached below the T-bar grid.
This sub-frame is used to locate
and attach the ceiling tiles.
METAL FURRING SYSTEMS
WALL PANELING

 A wall panel is single piece of material, usually flat and

cut into a rectangular shape, that serves as the visible
and exposed covering for the wall surface.
 Wall panels are functional as well as decorative,
providing insulation and sound proofing, combined with
uniformity of appearance, along with some measure of
durability or ease of replace ability.
 Materials ranges from wood ,gypsum, plaster board,
fiber board, fabric, PVC panels etc.
 Paneling, no matter the type, comes in sheets with
each sheet measuring 4-by-8 feet.
 Rarely will one find other dimensions for sheets of
paneling unless he orders it custom made.
PANELLING

 Surface paneling: Surface wall paneling is

done by applying paneling material directly
on the wall surface. This can be real wood or
veneer, vinyl covered, printed-paper or
surface printed.
 Backing: Backing material can be plywood,
particleboard or hardboard.
 Grooves: Grooves can be real grooves in the
wood or painted-on grooves to give the
illusion of real.

Backing material fills in the frame and covers the wall

,absorbing reverberating sound, providing thermal insulation
TYPES OF PANELING

 Wood paneling
 Gypsum board/POP
 Marble/granite Paneling
 PVC panels
 3D wall panels
 Acoustic panels
 Plaster board
 Fabric panel
 Fiber board etc
 WOODEN PANELLING
Wood veneer wood mosaic laminates

 Wooden paneling is a decorative treatment done with

wooden panels on the walls in various designs. The material
used can be plywood or wood covered with veneer or
laminates.
 Consists of a series of thin sheets of wood framed together by
strips of wood.
 The vertical strips are known as stiles and the horizontal one as
rails. plastic laminate faced wood paneling
 Wood panels include solid timber paneling, wood veneer
paneling, plastic laminate faced wood paneling and grooved
paneling
 Solid wood offers durability and creates texture
 Sound insulation
grooved paneling
 May be used to cover a wall ,form a dado
 Insulation against heat
 Gives a warm and elegant feeling
wood veneer paneling
The dado is the lower part of a wall, below
the dado rail and above the skirting board.
 A nogging (or
occasionally noggin) is a
strut used to give rigidity

INSTALLATION
to a framework

Studs are boards that

function as framing
elements

A sill plate or sole plate in

construction and
architecture is the bottom
 Cross sectional size timber of horizontal member of a wall
100mmx25mm or 75mmx25mm,is or building to which vertical
members are attached
fixed to the wall at 600mm
intervals using bolts/nuts. Above
the wooden frame work, the
panels has to be fixed using
bolts/adhesives.
 The fixed wooden panels can be
painted or can be treated with
veneers, varnished etc.
 Different types of joinery’s can also be done by using wooden
panels. The most common are tongue and groove, shiplap and
overlap(clapboard,dolly varden for exteriors)
Tongue and Groove Paneling
Overlap
Shiplap Edges
Wainscot paneling
It typically is made of wood, and covers the lower three or four
feet of an interior wall
Dolly Varden Wood Siding
 Grooved wooden paneling can be designed by having real
grooves in wooden planks or giving intermediate space between
planks.

Grooves in wooden
Intermediate space
plank
between wooden
plank
Wooden planks having grooves
 Plywood

 Plywood is a wood panel product made by

bonding veneers together under heat and
pressure, usually with the grain of adjacent
plies at right angles to each other.
 Plywood core may be particleboard,
medium density fiberboard (MDF), veneer
core or lumber core.

Particle board is a low-density fiberboard, and chipboard – is an engineered wood product manufactured from
wood chips, sawmill shavings, or even sawdust, and a synthetic resin or other suitable binder, which is pressed
and extruded.
MDF is a type of hardboard, which is made from wood fibres glued under heat and pressure
 Gypsum board/POP/Plaster board

 Size thickness:7 to 15mm width:1200mm

and 1220mm,length:1800 to
3600mm,edge:tapered and square
edge
 POP moldings can be added with the
gypsum board for wall articulations.
 Available in white/grey color, where
paints of different colors can be
applied.
 The main advantages of gypsum
boards are:
 Ease of installation, fire resistance
 Sound insulation, durability, economy
and versatility.
INSTALLATION..same as wooden
paneling

One layer of gypsum board

Double layer of gypsum board
 Some of the many types of gypsum boards are:
 Regular whiteboard---1/4 to3/4 inches(6mm to 20mm)
thick; used in residential and commercial applications
 Pre-decorated---board that has the finish applied
 Green board---contains an oil-based additive in the
paper that makes it water-resistant; used in areas such
as bathrooms, showers, locker rooms and kitchens
where there are high levels of humidity present
 Backer board---regular drywall; used where more than
one layer of board is required such as between
apartments in a building or offices and hospital rooms

Drywall is a panel made of calcium sulfate dehydrate (gypsum)

 Core board---1” thick board used in shaft walls to
protect electrical, mechanical and conveying
equipment, such as elevators and stairwells
 Linerboard---has a special fire-resistant core
enclosed in a moisture-resistant paper; used in
stairwells, corridors, chase ways and shaft walls
 Sound-deadening Board---made from wood fibers;
used to suppress noise levels
 Soundproof Board---a laminated drywall made from
gypsum, other materials and dampening polymers
 Blueboard---forms a strong bond with finish plastering
providing water and mold resistance
 Mold/moisture resistant Board---paperless drywall; can
be used everywhere
 Lead-lined Board---used around radiological
equipment
Blue board
 Foil-backed Board---used to control moisture
 Controlled Density (Ceiling Board)---available in only
½” thickness and is significantly stiffer than regular
white board
 Fiberboard---strong enough to support weight plus is
Lead-lined Board
more fire, sound and moisture-resistant; is also stronger
than regular gypsum board, resists impact damage
and mild damage
 Cement Board---made with Portland cement; durable,
water and fire-resistant backer for tile, slate and stone
used in showers, saunas, kitchens, baths, hot tubs and
pools
 Acoustic panels..
Controlling sound within a building is critical in the design of our residential and commercial spaces to help maintain a
healthy, enjoyable environment in which to live and work. Acoustics is the science of controlling noise.

 Acoustical panels are used to control noise

levels in a space and to block noise transfer
through walls.
 They’re made from foam or wood cores
wrapped with a layer of vinyl or fabric.
 The panels help absorb sound and are
commonly used in schools, auditoriums and
hotels.
 These panels are available in wide variety of
colors and textures, in various sizes, Thickness
range from 15 to 18mm.
 Acoustical panels can be installed temporarily
using clips or magnets, or with nails or adhesive
for more permanent applications.
 Ideal acoustical substrates are those without a
face or finish material that deflects rather than
absorbs the sound.
 Covering the acoustical substrate with fabrics
will heighten the acoustical absorption and
improve the quality of the surrounding
environment in the process.
 Mineral fiberboard is a common substrate used
with fabrics, wood or acoustical tile to control
the acoustics within the room.

Spray-on material is a bonding agent composed of cellulosic fibers.

The advantage of this material is that they can reach and completely seal a
wall surface that is curved or one that is irregularly shaped.
Marble/Granite paneling

 Marble and granite can be used for

wall paneling to get rich elegant look
in interiors.
 Thickness range from 10mm ,20mm
and 30mm ,which can be fixed directly
to the wall using adhesives or by using
steel joists.
Fiber board paneling

 Medium-density fiberboard is a type of

composite wood product made by binding
small wood fibers together with resin under
extreme heat and pressure.
 It’s cheap and it can be made to look like
wood by staining it.
Fabric panel

 Fabric panels are ideal to be installed into smooth and hard walls.
They make a room more cozy and have a casual feel.
 Gives good acoustic insulation properties. Used in homes and
schools. Available as boards and also as sheets.
PVC panels

 PVC panels are long –lasting, durable, fire-

resistant,hygienic and easy to maintain.
 They are ideal to be used in bathrooms, shower
rooms and kitchens as they are waterproof and
easy to clean.
 Panels made with PVC are sealed with a
protective lacquer that can be glossy or matte.
The surface does not attract dust.
 One more advantage is that the
installation(same as like gypsum board)process
for PVC panels is relatively quick and easy.
 This is mostly because the material is easy to cut
according to your desired size and shape.
3D panels/Textured wall panels..

 3D wall panels bring walls to life with

modern and contemporary textured
wall designs.
 Available as 500x500mm,2400x1200mm
panels etc, made by 18mm medium
density fiberboard or by PVC.
 Waterproof, mould resistant, non-
corrosive, alkaline and acid resistant.
 Light weight yet strong, can be drilled
and screwed to an existing wall or
frame by using adhesives/screws.
WPC

 Wood Plastic Composite

Sheet Wall Paneling
Preparing the Wall Sheet
 Check the wall surface for flatness using a long straight edge
 Masonry walls are usually easy – the paneling may be fixed direct to the wall surface
using panel adhesive.
 Plasterboard walls may be uneven or may even move when pressed.
 To provide an even surface for the paneling you will need to fix battens to the wall studs.
 If your plasterboard is in good condition and is flat and straight the panels may be fixed
directly to the surface without battens.
 Fixing Battens
 For masonry walls fix battens using masonry nails or plugs and screws, on plasterboard
walls, nail or screw battens to the wall studs – a stud finder may be necessary to help
find the studs.
 Attach horizontal battens at 400mm centers and vertical battens at 1220mm centers
 Check the battens are exactly plumb with a spirit level, using packing pieces of scrap
timber behind the batten to maintain a flat front surface
F R Fabric
Fabric Gripper
 Micron

Blankets are measured in GSM