Contents

Foreword ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Data Analysis ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
3. Age of Victims ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Graph.2 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8
2. Gender Comparison..................................................................................................................................... 9
3. Crime Categories .......................................................................................................................................... 9
Graph.3 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.1. Rape and sodomy .................................................................................................................................... 10
3.3. Abduction and CSA ................................................................................................................................ 10
3.4. Murder after CSA: ............................................................................................................................. 10
4. Abuser Category ..................................................................................................................................... 11
5. Places of Abuse ........................................................................................................................................ 12
6.1 CSA in Closed Places (Within boundaries): ...................................................................................... 12
6.2 CSA in Open Places (Without boundaries) ......................................................................................... 13
6. Geographical Area of Crime .................................................................................................................. 13
7. Rural and Urban Divide ......................................................................................................................... 14
8. Case Status: .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Cases registered with the police fluctuate every year, as can be seen through the years 2007-2011. ... 14
9. Criteria for Child Friendly Newspaper Award ................................................................................... 14
10.1 Complete information ............................................................................................................................ 14
10.2 Total number of reported cases .............................................................................................................. 14
10.3 Reporting Ethics: .................................................................................................................................. 15
10. Cases reported by other organizations to Sahil ............................................................................... 15
11. Court Convictions ............................................................................................................................... 16
11.1 Court Conviction of CSA Cases by Sahil .............................................................................................. 16
11.2 Court Conviction of CSA Cases Reported in news papers .................................................................... 19
12. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 21
13. Recommendations ............................................................................................................................... 21
References ........................................................................................................................................................ 22
 Acknowledgement

We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all those who have contributed to make the
completion of this report possible.
Very special thanks to Sahil’s dedicated volunteers from Sindh, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
and Balochistan;, Mr. Meher Shaukat, Mr. Iqbal Sajid, Mr.Zaheer Abbas, Mr. Muhammad
Syed, Mr. Muhammad Syed Khan, Mr. Zaffar Ali Shah, Mr. Irfan Hussain Joya, Mr.Syed
Muhammad Ali Shah Bukhari, Mr. Amjad Ali Shah, Mr. Shahzad Khan Sabari, Mr. Assadullah
Shiekh and Mr. Manzoor Hussain Abco, for data collection of reported cases of CSA from
newspapers in their respective provinces during 2007-2011.
We are grateful to Rozan, LHRLA, WAR and FIA for sharing CSA cases directly reported to
them.
Foreword

s exual abuse has for long been neglected by various segments of our society where social
norms and cultural anecdotes have played an active role in suppressing these issues. These
practices have affected the response of law enforcing agencies towards these issues of
violence. There are many victimized segments in the society. However one segment that stands
helpless due to its dependence on elders, and has less or no access to resources, is children.
Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is prevalent worldwide and is one of the menaces that are persistent in all
classes. In Pakistan, children less than 18 years of age are falling prey to CSA at the ratio of 6 children
per day. Sexual abuse is perceived as shameful and not to be discussed and hence hundreds of innocent
lives live with the shadow, memories and trauma of the assault. Several children surrender their lives
in the name of honor or absorb the pain for fear of losing a loving one, if the secret is revealed.
In the past, cases related to child sexual abuse were published in newspapers using humiliating words
that could create more harm than good to the victim. However, in recent years various advancements
in media and the steps taken by Social Organizations, National Commission for Child Welfare and
Development, and Press Council of Pakistan have succeeded in sensitizing the reporters on following a
code of ethics set for reporting a sexual abuse case.
Sahil working on child protection with a special focus on sexual abuse, has been publishing Cruel
Number reports for the last 15 years, which is based on data collected through monitoring online and
printed newspapers, direct calls received at Sahil for free counseling services, free legal aid and cases
shared by other organizations working on CSA.
The report has been helpful in identifying the target groups for awareness raising. Moreover it has also
been of a great help for other organizations to steer advocacy campaigns.
The current publication is a five year trend analysis of the reported CSA cases from 2007 to 2011. We
hope this report will benefit our stakeholders in particular and society in general.
Introduction

Sahil working against Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) was established in 1996. Today Sahil’s vision
is ‘Har Bacha Mehfooz – safe, secure and protected”.
In 2006, Sahil started its interventions nationwide through the extension of its services to the
four provinces of Pakistan. These interventions deal with the consequences of CSA, and work
for its prevention.
Sahil provides awareness through mass media, teacher training, research and publications.
The two services provided are free legal aid and free counseling for victims of CSA.
Over the 5 years Sahil has provided free legal aid through its legal aid officers and referral
lawyers to 463 victims of CSA and free counseling services to 344 survivors of CSA through in
person, telephonic and email counseling.
This report is a situational analysis of the trend of CSA cases reported in newspapers from
2007 to 2011.
Sahil has monitored on average 60 newspapers through the years 2007 -2011.
The purpose of this report is to bring forward the facts and figures regarding child sexual
abuse.
Although CSA cases are largely hidden, this is a reliable fact sheet to mobilize policy makers to
take measures for the prevention of CSA in Pakistan.

According to UNICIEF South Africa statistics from the South African Police Service more than 54,000 cases of crimes
against children were reported between 31 March 2011 and 1 April 2012 where Sexual offences make up about half the
reported figure and around 30 per cent of these victims are under 10 years old. Research has shown that in most abuse
cases, the offenders are known to the children (UNICEF, 2012).
In the United States of America 1 in four girls and 1 in 6 boys are sexually abused before the age of 18 and nearly 70%
of all reported cases (including assaults) are on children ages 17 and under (NCA, 2008)
According to humanitarian news and analysis which is a service of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs in Sri Lanka it takes as long as six years to prosecute criminals who abuse children, and as many as 4,000 child
abuse cases are before the country’s 34 high courts (Wn.com, 2012)
 Data Analysis

1. Total Number of Cases Graph.1

The reported cases of CSA

published as Cruel
Numbers by Sahil from
2007 to 2011 reveals that a
total number of 10726
children were sexually
victimized.
The statistical analysis of
the figures noted in 2008
shows a decrease in cases
of CSA by 21%. This dip
occurs when political
changes take precedence
in the media, and 2008
was an election year.
On the contrary to the decrease in the reported cases during the general election year 2008, an
increase can be seen of 9.4% in 2009, with 12% in 2010 and 2.2 % in 2011.
The figures indicate that CSA is on the rise, this ratio can be attributed to responsible
journalism in highlighting the existence of CSA in the society.
Over the years, the ratio of sexually abused children shows that an average of 5 to 6 children
were abused daily.

Reports of physical and sexual abuse of children are increasing. This reporting
reflects an increase in social awareness of the problem, the promulgation of
laws for the protection of children, and punishment of violence, and the
implementation of more accessible and efficient mechanisms for handling
complaints (ODNA, 2005).
 3. Age of Victims
Graph.2
The trend clearly shows
that among all the age
groups, the number of
victims (2617) between the
age bracket of 11-15 years
are most vulnerable to
CSA.
Children belonging to the
age bracket of 6-10 years
are second on the list. A
90% increase can be seen
in the 1 -5 year category
over the 5 years.
Newspaper reports often
do not mention the age of
the victims. Missing age of
victims is 42% of the total of reported cases.
Girls are at a much higher risk of CSA as Graph.3
compared to boys in all age brackets.

According to the findings in a study

carried out by UNICEF (2006), in the
Pacific countries, sexual abuse victims
are generally girls of 7 to 11 years of
age.

Over the five years the victims under

each age and gender category have been
added up to show the total number of children in that particular age range.
Out of the total number of 10726 cases, 532 children belonged to the age bracket of 1-5 years;
1737 were in 6-10 years; 2617 were in 11-15 years; and 1245 children were from the age
bracket of 16-18 years.
2. Gender Comparison Graph.4
The year wise trends in CSA
cases over the years show that
out of a total of 10726 cases, the
victims were 7570 girls (71%)
and 3156 boys (29%).
Interestingly, in the year 2007
and 2009, sodomy versus rape
cases showed an increased ratio
of 30% against the ratio of 29%
in the other years.

According to the findings of the American Psychological Association (APA)

 Girls tend to be at greater risk of sexual victimization than boys.
 Boys are more likely to be victimized by a perpetrator outside the family than
girls.

3. Crime Categories
Table.1. Crime categories
Attempt of rape /sodomy were
recorded in the category of cases Crime Year Year Year Year Year Total
of molestation during 2007-2008. Categories 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Molestation 289 194 0 0 0 483
This was then merged with the
crime category of attempt of AttemptRape
of 0 0 118 155 112 385

rape/sodomy from 2009 Attempt of 0 0 72 59 29 160

onwards. Sodomy
Gang rape shows an average Gang Rape 256 220 194 197 199 1066
decline of 12% from 2009 Gang Sodomy 135 126 127 139 80 607
onwards. Gang sodomy also
shows a continued decline with the highest decrease of 24% in 2011.
 Graph.5

Graph.3

3.1. Rape and sodomy

Over 5 years, rape has the highest

percentage of reported cases recorded in
the year 2011.
Sodomy cases declined in 2010 and 2011.

Table 2. Crime categories CSA after Abduction

Crime Year Year Year Year Year Total

Categories 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
3.3. Abduction and CSA Abduction 1014 767 822 1092 1112 4807

Sahil included the abduction of children in its case monitoring

domain after Abduction Abduction Abduction & Abduction Attempt of
realizing that child Year & Gang &Rape Gang & Sodomy Abduction
sexual abuse took 2011 Rape Sodomy
place after 47 36 28 4 2
abduction.
Gang rape/sodomy after abduction show the highest in number.
Table 3 Crime categories murder after CSA

3.4. Murder after CSA: Crime Year Year Year Year Year Total
Categories 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Although no case of sodomy Sodomy 38 0 33 29 61 161
/rape and murder was reported in Murder
2008, both categories have the Rape Murder 24 0 38 22 59 143
highest number of cases in the Gang Sodomy 20 20 28 21 10 99
other 4 years. Murder
Gang Rape 28 12 20 18 14 92
Gang rape/sodomy murder cases Murder
were the second highest in this Molestation 12 39 0 0 0 51
category. Murder
Attempt of 0 5 1 9 2 17
Sodomy
There can be many reasons for the Murder
child’s death after sexual abuse; Attempt of 0 0 4 3 3 10
some of them can be suffocation Rape Murder
.
and/or bleeding, Abusers may kill the
child to block disclosure of the crime
or to express their sexual frustration.
 Table 4 Abuser Category

Abuser Year Year Year Year Year Total

4. Abuser Category Category 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Acquaintance 3460 2994 3431 3677 2657 16219
Stranger 955 650 663 728 1315 4311
Acquaintances are consistently the
Neighbor 218 154 148 287 148 955
largest group in the abuser
Female 200 208 182 170 102 862
category. Abettor
On the other hand the involvement Relative 133 71 75 114 388 781
of strangers as abusers has leaped Police 39 56 39 20 50 204
from 955 in 2007 to 1315 in 2011, an Incest 39 53 22 24 56 194
80%.increase. Molvi 64 24 16 18 30 152
Teacher 11 14 7 22 91 145
Similarly, incest cases have Shopkeeper 18 2 5 3 0 28
increased by more than 100% by Driver 5 4 3 5 9 26
2011. Doctor 2 1 2 2 0 7

According to the findings of a research by UNICEF (2009), child sexual abuse among other
abuses is the least reported one, especially when committed by parents or close family
members. In the same study it is also stated that parents who have suffered violence in their
childhood, is the most relevant factor which leads to an intergenerational transmission of
violence.

The increased percentages of teachers involved in According to a research carried out

sexually abusing children is equally alarming as the
trends show that the ratio of children abused by their
teachers has increased by more than 8 times during
the years 2007 to 2011.
Moreover the trend of involvement of relatives in
sexually victimizing children has jumped from 133 in
2007 to 388 in 2011. However reported cases of
involvement of neighbors and female abettors have
declined by 50% over the years. This could mean
better awareness of the issue by the public at large,
and improved monitoring systems.
by the American Psychological
Association just 10% of perpetrators
are strangers to the child and there is
a usually less possibility of strangers
abusing children because abusers
first plot to attract the children by
presenting goods, sweets and other
favors, from which it is apparent that
most of the abusers may not be
strangers to the victim except in
exceptional cases like abduction
followed by rape/sodomy.
 5. Places of Abuse

6.1 CSA in Closed Places (Within boundaries):

Table 5. CSA in closed places
CSA taking place at the victims
Places of Year Year Year Year Year Total
place has increased manifold in Abuse 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
2011. Similarly, cases at the place
Victim’s Place 379 252 227 306 1042 2206
of acquaintances, shows also an
Acquaintance's 466 434 313 369 809 2391
increase of more than 100% by
Place
2011.
Mosque 27 17 26 12 35 117
What can be seen in Table 5 is Workplace 14 2 14 14 34 78
that places of learning such as School 8 14 14 18 24 78
schools and mosques, working Shop 5 14 17 23 14 73
spaces such as hotel, shop, Hotel 9 4 5 12 26 56
haveli and camps, in police Haveli 0 3 4 18 19 48
stations and in police quarters, Jail 5 4 3 5 11 28
Room 3 4 0 3 15 25
Pinheiro & Sérgio in their “ World
Medical camp 0 3 7 5 8 23
Report on Violence Against
Children, (2006) say that, “We policeman's 0 5 0 0 10 15
quarter
know that for various social and Rickshaw 2 3 1 1 7 14
cultural reasons, children and
adolescents suffer violence at home
Police Station 5 6 0 2 0 13
and schools. Such incidents also are where children are abused. All these spaces are under
happen at work and in the authority figures making it difficult for children to put a
community. Thus, children and stop to the abuse, request help, or report the situation.
adolescents are abused precisely in
those spaces and places that should
offer them protection, affection,
developmental stimulation, shelter
and promotion for their rights.”
6.2 CSA in Open Places (Without boundaries)
Table 6. CSA in open places
In the category of open places, it Places Year Year Year Year Year Total
can be seen that the highest number of a 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
of cases have taken place in abuse
cultivated fields. It is strange that Field 138 133 115 130 127 643
CSA taking place in deserted places, Street 107 61 58 68 76 370
grave yards and bus stands have Jungle 49 27 36 42 21 175
not been reported at all in the year Deserted 43 41 39 40 0 163
2011. Place
Market 20 22 8 8 13 71
The low reporting from bus Grave 14 9 6 8 0 37
Yard
stands does not represent a true Plot 0 12 6 0 13 31
picture, as results of a research
Fish 0 5 9 0 7 21
carried out by Sahil in Pir Farm
Vadhai, which presents the issue Bus 5 6 5 2 0 18
of commercial sexual Stand
Dera 0 0 0 3 10 13
exploitation at one of the largest
bus stands in Punjab. According No cases taking place at the Deras have been recorded
to its findings, children are in the years 2007-2009. This is not surprising as Deras
initiated into prostitution almost are the stronghold of landlords. However it is still
immediately, within the first encouraging to see that in 2010 and 2011 cases have
week of their employment at the been reported from here.
bus stand hotels. As it is an
economic activity, there are few
complaints.
Table 7 Geographical area of crime

Provinces Year Year Year Year Year Total

6. Geographical Area of Crime
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
A continuous increase in cases Punjab 1312 1254 1256 1723 1839 7384
reported in Punjab may be related
Sindh 743 453 561 358 224 2339
to better handling by the police and
improved legal procedures. Also
Federal 133 81 144 81 62 501
media access is far greater in this KPK 64 35 29 59 94 281
province. Baluchistan 46 10 17 26 78 177
The geographical areas of Sindh AJK 23 5 5 5 3 41
Federal and AJK show a decrease Gilgit 0 0 0 0 3 3
Baltistan
in reported cases, which may be
because more protection measures for children have been taken.
For the first time in 5 years Gilgit -Baltistan has reported cases of CSA.
 Graph 6

7. Rural and Urban Divide

More cases take place in rural areas
could be because of the reason that
opponents usually target girls to take
revenge, or settle disputes, such as,
enmity, revenge for marriage
refusals, land disputes or family
feuds. Girls are perceived as the
honor of the family.

8. Case Status: Graph 7

Cases registered with the police

fluctuate every year, as can be seen
through the years 2007-2011.
Evidence suggests that only a small part
of the violence perpetrated against
children is reported to the legal system
and investigated by the authorities.

9. Criteria for Child Friendly Newspaper Award

Sahil documents the following data to analyze the eligibility of newspapers for Sahil
Child Friendly Newspaper Award.

The selection criteria is based on 3 aspects.

10.1 Complete information

Complete reporting means all the following information regarding the crime is
given i.e. age of victims, gender, place of abuse, abuser category, and case status
determine the eligibility of the newspapers for the award.

10.2 Total number of reported cases

The total number of reported cases is also a criteria for the award.
 10.3 Reporting Ethics:
Inappropriate/unethical Graph 9
language used in newspapers while
reporting a case, such as “Eshq ka bhoot ,
dodheeza raat bhar ezat lutati rahi, or ladki
bay aabru ho gaye” is discouraged through
negative grading of the newspaper for the
CFN award.
Name and picture or both of the victim, if
printed, is considered as unethical reporting.
The trends in reporting ethics during 2007-
2011 can be seen below

10. Cases reported by other organizations to Sahil

Table 8 Cases reported directly to Sahil, Rozan, War and LHRLA

Years Cases Shared by other Organizations Number

of Cases
Cases reported to Sahil 17
Cases shared to WAR and Rozan 55
2009

Total 72
Cases directly reported to Sahil 34
Cases reported by WAR 272
2010

Cases Reported by Rozan 37

Total 343
Cases reported to Sahil 31
Cases Reported by Rozan 27
2011

Cases Reported by LHRLA 581

Total 639
Grand Total 1059

In 2009, 2010 and 2011 CSA cases directly reported to organizations were recorded with the
name of the relevant organization.
Table 9 Cases reported directly to organizations in 2007 and 2008
During 2007 and 2008 cases directly reported to Male Female Total
organizations were recorded as total cases with gender 2007 21 19 40
divide. In the 5 years, a total of 1139 cases were reported
directly to organizations, 80 cases were directly reported 2008 19 21 40
to Sahil. Total 40 40 80
 11. Court Convictions

11.1 Court Conviction of CSA Cases by Sahil

The following table shows cases of child sexual abuse which received free legal aid from Sahil during
the 5 years.
Table 10. Court convictions of CSA cases by Sahil with minimum to maximum sentence
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Court
Crime Convictio
Category Total Gende Total Gende Total Gende Total Gende Tota Gende ns of
No. r of No. r of No. r of No. r of l r of Abusers
of Victim of Victim of Victim of Victim No. Victim
Case s Case s Case s Case s of s Minimum Fine
s s s s Cas to
es maximum
imprison
ment of
abusers

Abduction _ _ 1 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ 2.5 Years Rs

of 5,000
Imprisonm – Rs
ent – 100,0
Sentence 00
d to Death

Abduction _ _ 1 Femal _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 Years of Rs

& Rape e Imprisonm 10,00
ent – 0–
Sentence Rs
d to Death 60,00
0

Abduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 Years of Rs
& Sodomy Imprisonm 10,00
ent 0

Abduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Life Rs
& Rape imprisonm 60,00
Murder ent – 0–
Sentence Rs
d to Death 150,0
00

Abduction _ _ 1 Femal _ _ _ _ _ _ Agreemen Rs30

& Gang e t& ,000
Rape Marriage - Rs
– 200,0
Sentence 00
d to Death
Abduction
Murder _ _ 1 Femal _ _ _ _ _ _
e

_ _ 2 Femal 1 Femal 3 Female 1 Female 4 Year of Rs

Rape e e s Imprisonm 5,000
ent – – Rs
Sentence 500,0
d to Death 00

Rape 1 Femal 3 Femal _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 Years Rs

Murder e e of 50,00
Imprisonm 0–
ent – Rs
Sentence 500,0
d to Death 00

Attempt of _ _ 2 Femal _ _ _ _ 1 Female 1.5 Years Rs

Rape e of 50,00
Imprisonm 0
ent – 25
Years of
Imprisonm
ent

Attempt of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentence Rs
Rape d to Death 150,0
Murder 00

Gang _ _ 3 Femal 1 Femal 4 Female 1 Female 40 Years Rs

Rape e e s of 25,00
Imprisonm 0–
ent – Rs
Sentence 100,0
d to Death 00

Gang _ _ 1 Femal _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentence ___

Rape e d to Death
Murder

Kidnap, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentence ___

Murder d to Death
Molestatio
n

Sodomy 3 Males 2 Male 1 Male _ _ 6 Males 2 Years of Rs

Imprisonm 5,000
ent – Life – Rs
Imprisonm 500,0
ent 00
 Gang _ _ _ _ 2 Male 3 Males 1 Male 2.5 Years Rs
Sodomy of 5,000
Imprisonm – Rs
ent – 50,00
Sentence 0
d to Death

Gang _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 Years of Rs
Sodomy Imprisonm 40,00
Murder ent 0

Sodomy _ _ 3 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ 63 Years Rs

Murder of 25,00
Imprisonm 0–
ent – Rs
Sentence 150,0
d to Death 00

Molestatio _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Life ___

n Murder Imprisonm
ent

Sexual _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentence ___

Assault d to Death
Murder

Attempt of
Gang _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 Male
Sodomy
 11.2 Court Conviction of CSA Cases Reported in news papers
Table 10. Court conviction of CSA cases reported in newspapers with minimum to maximum sentence

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Court Convictions of
Crime Abusers
Category Total Gender Total Gender Total Gender Total Gender Total Gender
No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of Minimum to Fine
of Victims of Victims of Victims of Victims of Victims maximum
Cases Cases Cases Cases Cases imprisonme
nt of
abusers

Abduction 6 3 Males 5 1 Male 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2.5 Years of Rs

&3 &4 Imprisonment 5,000 –
Females Females – Sentenced Rs
to Death 100,000

Abduction 3 Females 5 Females 1 _ _ _ _ _ 5 Years of Rs

& Rape Imprisonment 10,000
– Sentenced – Rs
to Death 60,000

Abduction _ _ 1 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 Years of Rs

& Sodomy Imprisonment 10,000

Abduction 2 Females 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ Life Rs

& Rape Females imprisonment 60,000
Murder &1 – Sentenced – Rs
Males to Death 150,000

Abduction 2 Females 1 Female _ _ _ _ _ _ Agreement & Rs

& Gang Marriage – 30,000
Rape Sentenced to - Rs
Death 200,000

4 Females 6 Females 13 _ 3 Females 1 Female 4 Year of Rs

Rape Imprisonment 5,000 –
– Sentenced Rs
to Death 500,000

Rape 1 Female 5 1 Male 3 _ _ _ _ _ 42 Years of Rs

Murder &4 Imprisonment 50,000
Females – Sentenced – Rs
to Death 500,000
Attempt of _ _ 4 Females _ _ _ _ 1 Female 1.5 Years of Rs
Rape Imprisonment 50,000
– 25 Years of
Imprisonment

Attempt of _ _ 1 Females _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentenced to Rs

Rape Death 150,000
Murder

Gang Rape 5 Females 4 1 Male 3 _ 4 Females 1 Female 40 Years of Rs

&3 Imprisonment 25,000
Females – Sentenced – Rs
to Death 100,000

Gang Rape 1 Female 1 Female _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentenced to ___

Murder Death

Kidnap, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentenced to ___

Murder 1 Female Death
Molestation

Sodomy 4 Male 6 5 5 _ _ _ 6 Males 2 Years of Rs

Females Imprisonment 5,000 –
&1 – Life Rs
Males Imprisonment 500,000

Gang 2 Males 2 Males 4 _ 3 Males 1 Male 2.5 Years of Rs

Sodomy Imprisonment 5,000 –
– Sentenced Rs
to Death 50,000

Gang _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ 7 Years of Rs
Sodomy Imprisonment 40,000
Murder

Sodomy 4 Males 7 Males _ _ _ _ _ _ 63 Years of Rs

Murder Imprisonment 25,000
– Sentenced – Rs
to Death 150,000

Molestation 1 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Life ___

Murder Imprisonment
 Sexual 1 Male _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sentenced to ___
Assault Death
Murder

Attempt of
Gang _ _ 1 Male
Sodomy

The records of court convictions of CSA cases by Sahil and those reported in news papers
during 2007 to 2011, were dispensed more speedily as compared to the records of court
convictions mentioned in Cruel Number Analysis (2001-2006).

12. Conclusion
 The issue of CSA is complicated due to social norms which perpetuate practices
 Child sexual abuse occurs in all classes of the society
 In a prominent number of cases, the abuser is an acquaintance and has the trust of
children and their families and they have access to the children in their homes
 Children are sexually abused both in open and closed spaces
 Children need to know strategies for self -protection

13. Recommendations

The following recommendations are proposed to make greater efforts against the incidence of this
heinous crime:
 Policy makers should prepare policies to protect every child from sexual abuse
 Laws and child protection bill must be passed to protect children from exploitation.
 Media should increase reporting of these cases
 Government should ensure the implementation of code of ethics regarding CSA case reporting
 The police department should facilitate the process of registering the First Investigation Report (FIR)
for the victims of CSA
 A course must be included in the curriculum, to equip the child with the knowledge of body safety.
 Professionals at the frontline of working with the children, such as teachers, medical professionals,
school counselors, police personnel should be sensitized and trained to prevent, detect, and respond
to child sexual abuse.
 There should be effective strategies to bring awareness to the general public about CSA
 Communities should have awareness on CSA to be able to recognize the warning signs of sexual
abuse
 There is a need to address the communication gaps between the masses and the stakeholders.
 Rural and remote areas should be made more safe and secure by being provided civic amenities.
 Enable children and young people to talk about abuse so that they have someone to turn to.
 Support systems should be established for intervention and rehabilitation Establish local child
protection centers.
 Youth should be encouraged to work against CSA
 There is a dire need to focus on child protection in the areas of disaster emergencies

References
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2..http://article.wn.com/view/2012/09/25/SRI_LANKA_Child_abuse_cases_stalled
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Desafios9-CEPAL-UNICEF_eng.pdf 2009
4. Pinheiro, Paulo Sérgio (2006), World Report on Violence Against Children, Geneva, United
Nations Study on Violence Against Children.
5. http://www.unicef.org/lac/Boletin-Desafios9-CEPAL-UNICEF_eng.pdf 2009
6. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF2006), La violencia contra niños, niñas
yadolescentes. Informe de América Latina en el marco del Estudiomundial de las
7. NacionesUnidas, Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean,
8. Observatory for the Rights of Children and Adolescents (ODNA, 2006), Estado de los
derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia en el Ecuador 2005 (EDNA 2005), Quito
9. http://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/child-sexual-abuse.aspx