NOTES, CASES, INSTRUMENTS 267

The sudden onset of visual loss was most
likely a purpuric hemorrhage but retinal
lesions were probably present prior to the
gross visual loss. The change from a chronic,
discoid lupus to the acute fulminating, dis-
seminated type is not unusual. Survival is
unusual and, in this case, was due to the sple-
nectomy which halted the extensive fulmi-
nating purpuric process,
7 Young Building (9).

REFERENCES
t. Cordes, F. C, and Aiken, S. D. : Am. J. Ophth., 30:1537-1555, 1947.
2. Maumenee, A. E. : Am. J. Ophth., 23:971-980, 1940.
.3. Koch and McGuire : Am. J. Ophth., 29:1243-1247,1946.

PUPILLOMETER AND
KERATOMETER CARDS
OTTO BARKAN, M.D. 10.5 MM

San Francisco, California

These simple pieces of equipment* were

11 MM
devised for quick measurement of the size
of the cornea and pupil. The cards illustrated
in the two figures are made of white plastic
and measure 4 by 10 cm. (fig. 1 ) and 3 by 15 HAMM

cm. (fig. 2).

By holding the appropriate card at the
temporal side of the orbit in close approxi- MM
mation to the eye one can estimate within a
quarter of a millimeter the size of the pu- 1.5 MM

pil or cornea. In adults it is sometimes de-

sirable to know the size of the cornea. In 2 MM
congenital glaucoma it is of considerable
importance. 2.5MM
The discs may be colored with crayons to
match the common color of the iris ; this
3 MM
makes measurement even easier and more
accurate.
The pupillometer is useful not only to 3.5 MM
13.5 MM
doctors and assistants in the office, but also
to nurses at the hospital for measuring the
4 MM
effect of myotics and mydriatics. Thus the
surgeon is enabled to receive accurate infor-
mation by telephone concerning the size of 4.5 MM
the pupil, preoperatively or postoperatively,
in a case of adult or infant glaucoma.
490 Post Street (2). 9 MM
145 MM
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
* Pupillometer and keratometer cards are sup-
plied by A. H. Parsons Laboratory, 442 Post Figs. 1 and 2 (Otto Barkan). (Fig. 1) A pupil-
Street, San Francisco. lometer card. (Fig. 2) A keratometer card.