CHITOSAN

IN DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEM
By CHETANA R. JADHAV
Guided by DR. MUGDHA SURYAWANSHI
INTRODUCTION
Origin, history and chemical structure of chitosan
•  first identified by Henri
Braconnot, Director of
botanical garden in Nancy,
France in 1811
•  major source for chitin :
CRUSTACEAN SHELLS
•  Chitosan is a cationic linear
copolymer polysaccharide
made up of random distribution
of β (1→4) linked 2- amino- 2-
deoxy- D- glucose (D-
glucosamine) and 2-
acetamido- 2- deoxy- D-
glucose (N- acetyl- D-
glucosamine) units.
Preparation of Chitosan (CS) from Raw Materials:

sources such as crab or shrimp shells are washed and

grinded(powdered form)

deproteinized by treatment with an aqueous 3-5% solution

of NaOH

neutralized and demineralized at a room temperature by

treating it with aqueous 3-5% of hydrochloric solution
(white or slightly pink precipitate of chitin)

chitin is deacetylated by treatment with an aqueous 40-45%

of NaOH solution and the precipitate is then washed with
water.

insoluble part is removed by dissolving in an aqueous 2%

acetic acid solution
Properties of chitosan
1.  Controlled drug release
2.  Mucoadhesive
properties
3.  In situ gelling properties Other properties

4.  Transfection enhancing

properties
5.  Permeation enhancing
properties
6.  Efflux pump inhibitory
properties
7.  Colon targeting
8.  Gene expression
properties
Chitosan drug delivery systems
1. Oral drug delivery
2. Ocular drug delivery
3. Nasal drug delivery
4. Vaginal drug delivery
5. Buccal drug delivery
6. Parenteral drug delivery
7. Intravesical drug delivery
8. Vaccine delivery

Selected studies on chitosan films for drug delivery
systems
•  films with an excess of chitosan showed a higher
release of drug up to 83% as compared with 48% of
the drug for films containing greater amounts of
gelatin.
•  Chitosan and gelatin solutions were mixed together
to obtain two final polymeric concentrations, F1 (1%
w/v) and F2 (2% w/v), and the films prepared from
the mixture were investigated for drug delivery. The
results showed that only the film based on gelatin
alone provided complete drug release owing to its
dissolution

Selected studies on wound healing based
on chitosan
•  enhances the functions of inflammatory cells such as macrophages
and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as the production of
osteopontin and leukotriene B4, transforming growth factor b1,
and platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblasts.
•  Chitosan also possesses other biological activities and affects the
macrophage function that favors faster wound healing .
Derivatives of Chitosan (CS):
•  N-Trimethylene Chloride Chitosan
•  Chitosan Esters
•  Chitosan Conjugates
 Applications of Chitosan
1.  Carboxylated Chitosan
2.  Carbohydrate Derivatives of Chitosan
3.  Multi-Functionalised Chitosan
4.  Hydrogelated Chitosan
5.  Metal Incorparated Chitosan
6.  Quantum dots
7.  Enzymes Based Chitosan
8.  Colon Delivery Chitosan
9.  Ocular Drug Delivery
TOXICITY OF CHITOSAN NPs
•  Molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of Chitosan
influences its toxicity.
•  Chitosan is degraded mainly by chemical process and enzyme
catalysis. The higher the degree of deacetylation, the greater the
degradation rate.
•  Injection of excessive Chitosan may cause death due to blood
coagulation.
REFRENCES
•  Impact of chitosan composites and chitosan nanoparticle composites on various drug
delivery systems. M.Abd Elgadir, Md.Salim Uddin, Sahena Ferdosh, Aishah Adam,
Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury, Md.Zaidul Islam Sarker.
•  Formulation of Nanoencapsulated Catechin with Chitosan as Encapsulation Material.
Sari Intan Kailaku, Ira Mulyawanti, Andi Nur Alamsyah.
•  Biopolymers in Medical Implants. Rita Rebelo ,Margarida Fernandes, Raul Fangueiro
•  Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties and Drug Permeability of Chitosan/Eudragit RL
Composite Film. Maryam Kouchak, Somayeh Handali, Basireh Naseri Boroujeni
•  Synthesis of curcumin loaded polymeric nanoparticles from crab shell derived chitosan
for drug delivery. Antony V. Samrot, Ujjala Burman, Sheryl Ann Philip, Shobana N,
Kumar Chandrasekaran.
•  Applications of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery. Vipin Bansal,
Pramod Kumar Sharma, Nitin Sharma, Om Prakash Pal and Rishabha Malviya .
•  Chitosan-based drug delivery systems. Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch , Dünnhaupt
•  Chitosan: A Promising Biopolymer in Drug Delivery Applications Chinmayee Saikia,
Pankaj Gogoi and Tarun K Maji*

•  Recent Trends in the Development of Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery Systems Claudio
Salomon, Francisco M. Goycoolea, and Bruno Moerschbacher.