MAPEH REVIEWER
MUSIC
“Classical” – period that took place roughly from
1750 (death of Bach) to 1827 (death of Beethoven).
Classical Music is simple, elegant, has question and
answer pattern
, decrescendo and crescendo.
Absolute Monarchy – “Everything for the people
without the people.”
Enlightenment – ideal of equality, popularization of
art and education.
Franz Joseph Haydn – Father of the String Quartet
and Father of Symphony. His creative life was spent
with the Esterházy family and died at the age of 77.
He was the friend and mentor of Mozart, tutor of
Beethoven, and brother of Michael Haydn.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – Known for playing
different instruments, born in Salzburg and is a
successful composer and assistant concert master.
Ludwig van Beethoven – Classical to Romantic,
born in Germany in 1770 and composed his earliest
masterpiece entitled, Cantata on the Death of
Emperor Joseph II, at age 19.
Sonata – type of music composition/musical piece
that consists of two or four sections related in key but
unique in music character.
Symphony – extended composition of four
movements, first and last is fast while the second is
slow and third is different forms/speeds.
Concerto – has three movements, fast-slow-fast and
features a solo instrument.
ARTS
Romans – Greek-inspired and is known for
architecture and engineering rather than painting and
realism. (Basically, Drafters)
Architecture
Maison Carrée, Nîmes – Temple of Romans that can
only be approached from the front and is made of
bricks, concrete, stone, marble, and mosaic.
The Pantheon in Rome – A temple to all the Gods
that is conceived as a single, immense space in the
inside.
Roman Coliseum – 50,000 people to 85,000 people
can be inside it.
Painting
Roman paintings – rituals, myths, landscapes, still-
life, scenes of the daily activities of the Romans. Eg.
The Grand Hunt (details of an antelope that is
attacked by fierce animals and men). They created
the illusion of reality with aerial perspective. It used
colors and outlines, softened and blurred colors to
achieve spatial effects.
Sculpture
The Romans were great followers and collectors of
Greek sculpture. They made sculptures about heroes,
politicians. Arch of Titus, Trajan’s Column, Marcus
Aurelius (Equestrian statue).
The Capitoline Wolf – symbol of the city of Rome,
bronze sculpture of a she-wolf with suckling twin
infants of the brothers Romulus and Remus
(Renaissance) that were kept alive by a wolf
(Etruscan).
Folk Arts
Depict scenes of everyday life, athletes in various
poses. Battle of Issus has armies of Alexander the
Great and King Darius III of Persia.
Metal Works – Metal and Gems.
Vases – The Portland Vase, used for bathing.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Folk dance – made by a certain ethnic group.
Community dance – directly participated in by the
people who have the same values and differences far
from other communities, group dance.
Pangalay – Originated from the Malaysian dance
Daling-daling or the Mengalai, is a traditional Tausug
fingernail dance. It uses janggay or metal claws, they
wear Joloano costumes, and is mainly performed
during wedding ceremonies and other festivities.
Dance Researcher Francisca Reyes-Aquino
Meaning Fingernail
Dance Culture Lowland Muslim
(Coastal)
Place of Origin Sulu
Ethno-linguistic Group Tausug
Classification Social/Wedding Dance
HEALTH
Substances Being Abused
Stimulants – “Uppers” are psychoactive drugs that
stimulates the central nervous system for increase of
energy, alertness, and attention. Used in treatment of
disorders (neurological, chronic sleep, etc), mild
depression, asthma, etc. You feel fatigue and weak
unless you consume large amounts.
 Cocaine – made from coca plant’s leaves.
 Methamphetamine – stimulates CNS.
Depressants – “Downers” are anti-psychotic drugs
which depress the central nervous system. Used in
relaxation, drowsiness, and sleepiness. Needs larger
doses to achieve the same effects.
 Tranquilizers – mild effects for anxiety.
 Barbiturates – potent depressants for sleep
disorders and seizures.
  Hypnotics – strongest of the depressants.
Narcotics – “Pain killers” are drugs that slow down
the central nervous system and is prescribed as
analgesics or drugs that relieve pain. It slows down
body functions like breathing and heart rate.
 Opium – seedpod of poppy plants, euphoric
effects/unconsciousness.
 Morphine – widely-used painkiller derived
from opium, small does relieves pain while
large dose induces sleep.
 Heroin – highly addictive, awful withdrawal
effects like sweating, chills, diarrhea, etc. and
users need to take another dose to stop
symptoms.
Hallucinogens – Psychedelic drugs that cause, yes,
you guessed it, hallucinations. Interferes with the
action of chemicals in the brain that regulates
emotion. It can cause sensations, make images that
aren’t really real. You can use it by swallowing,
injecting, consuming it, brewing, or inhaling.
 LSD or Lysergic Acid Diethylamide – one of
the most powerful mood-changing chemicals.
Causes mood swings, produces tolerance.
 PCP or Phencyclidine, Ketamine, and
Mescaline/Angel Dust – use as anesthetic
for surgery and creates delusions, paranoia,
disordered thinking, etc.
Inhalants – Chemicals that produce vapor, affecting
mood and behavior. It can be delivered quickly by
sniffing, huffing, bagging, etc. for a few minutes.
Harmful effects include health of these chemicals are
permanent brain damage, leukemia, poisoning,
sudden death, and more. Rugby, nail polish
remover, gasoline, laughing gas, and furniture
polish are examples.
a) They cause instant death if you inhale high
amounts. Leads to depression.
b) May dissolve the protective coating and kill brain
cells.
c) Gasoline damages the bone marrow.
d) Damages the heart, lungs, live, and kidneys if
exposed continuously.
e) Toluene and trichloroethylene chemicals found in
spray paints/cleaning fluids cause hearing loss.
f) You still breathe in the toxin.
VE REVIEWER
Service – An act provided by one person to another
person.
o Public Service - Promote general welfare of
society. (Government)
o Community Service - Given to benefit a
particular community
o General Service - Services rendered for a fee.
What is VOLUNTEERING?
 Rendering service that is free of charge at a
regular basis.
 Enabling and empowering the citizens to help
fellow citizens in their community and themselves.
 It helps to form a person: Learn from others via
volunteering, enhances social status, personal
professional satisfaction.
Salvation History – Progressive unfolding of God’s
plan to save the human race from death & sin. True
meaning to the entire history of the world.
The Stages of SH
Noah [Early] - Preservation of the Earth.
Abraham [2000BC] - Establishment of chosen people.
Moses [1300BC] - Permanent gift of law and land.
David [1000BC] - Founding of an everlasting kingdom.
Prophets [900-400BC] - Coming of Final Salvation.
John the Baptist [20AD] - Coming of the Messiah.
ENGLISH REVIEWER
Sonnet – special form of poetry (Italian is sonetto, Old
French is sonet) that means “little song or sound,”
popularized by Petrarch and has 14 lines, 10
syllables, iambic pentameter and talks about love.
Iambic – foot/beat, unstressed to stressed.
Pentameter – 5-metrical feet.
PETRARCHAN SHAKESPEAREAN
Italian English/Elizabethan
Iambic pentameter Iambic pentameter
14 Lines 14 Lines
Octave (8), 3 Quatrains (4),
Sestet (6) 1 Couplet (2)
ABBA-ABBA ABAB CDCD
CDCDCDCDE EFEF GG
William Shakespeare – “Greatest Writer in the
English Language” and “World’s Preeminent
Dramatist.” Married to Anne Hathaway (18), 3
children, 39 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long narrative
poems.
Sonnet 18:
LITERAL – eternal beauty of a person.
SYMBOLIC – beauty is precious, fades overtime.
TONE – admiring, affectionate, romantic.
EVIDENCE – “Thou art more lovely and more
temperate.”
Prose – from prosa oratio (Latin) meaning
straightforward, is the natural flow of speech with no
metrical structure like newspaper, magazines, films,
philosophy, etc.
1. Fiction – not real, partly and totally imaginative or
made-up.
 Historical Fiction – back to a time where they Big man – power forward/center.
learn about other’s periods. Slang – regarded as very informal and is not
 Realistic Fiction – problem to be explained that considered standard in the speaker’s language, is
could be from anybody’s life. emotionally expressive and shorter and taboo when
 Science Fiction – modern fantasy exploring speaking to people of higher status.
science-y stuff. Conditionals or If-Sentences – predictions, uses if
 Mystery – a crime committed, kindat killer. for the start then can, will, may, might, could, and
 Romance – relates improbable adventures of would.
idealized characters. 1st: Real Possibility – might happen in the future.
 Short Story – read in a single sitting. [if + present simple], [will + infinitive]
 Novels – extended prose fiction, very long. 2nd: Unreal Possibility – probably won’t happen.
2. Non-Fiction – informational material that prefers [if + past simple], [would/could/might]
facts over imagination. 3rd: No Possibility – did not happen.
 Biographies – a person writing about another. [if + past perfect], [would have + past participle]
 Autobiographies – writing about yourself.
 Essay – Formal, Informal, Critical (about
analysis), Travelogue (about travels)
 Article – about a particular subject.
Sensory Images (Imagery) – are mental pictures
when reading literature which uses the five senses:
Visual (see), Auditory (hear), Tactile (feel),
Olfactory (smell), Gustatory (taste)
Gunther Kress – coined “reading path.”
Linear – Most common type of reading path and is
displayed in a straight line of pages, grammatically
stylistic. It is monotonous, absence of audio-visual,
difficult to comprehend.
Non-Linear – Combined with visual elements and is
non-sequential or not in fixed sentences. It could be
inconsistent and difficult.
 Charts or Graph – show visual relationship.
1. Line Graph (trend)
2. Bar Graph (compare)
3. Pie Graph (interesting bar graph)
4. Histogram (continuous intervals)
Jargons – French for “chatter of birds,” is a
specialized language of a professional or occupational
group that is difficult to be understood by others. It is
fun and addictive, gives a sense of belonging and not.
 DOCTORS & NURSES
CTD (Circling the Drain) – expected to pass away.
TEETH (Tried Everything Else, Try Homeopathy) –
suggests the patient doesn’t have much hope of recovery.
Baby Catcher – obstetrician.
 COMPUTER TECHNICIANS
Bug – unwanted property causing malfunction.
Appletalk – language used on Apple networks.
Brain Dump – transfer of large quantity of files
 BUSINESS FIELD
Face time – time spent with a customer.
Blue chip – large capitalized companies
Rifle approach – focus on specific targets.
 BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Charity stripe – free throw.
Glass cleaner – excellent in rebound.