Application of 1D 1H NMR for fast non-targeted

screening and compositional analysis of steroid

cocktails and veterinary drug formulations administered
to livestock
A Lommen, R Schilt, J Weseman, AH Roos, JW Van Velde, MWF Nielen
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 28 (1), 87-96, 2002
A fast non-targeted strategy is described for analysis of formulations—meant for
administration to live stock—containing growth-promoting agents or veterinary drugs. The
use of 1H NMR as a first step universal screening method is applied and used in routine
analysis. The implementation of this approach has increased the analysis efficiency
considerably. Apart from screening on illegal compounds, 1H NMR information on matrix and
thus, indirectly, administration mode, can be present. An ever-growing 1H NMR database is
used containing more …

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Utilization of the visual inspection screening method for

cancer of the cervix in Kitui Central Sub County, Kenya
John Hiuhu Mwangi, Onesmus Mulwa Munyao, Janet Mwikali Kilingi, Joseph Mwaura, Joyce
Wambui Kibunja, Liliane Shukuru Bahati, RJ Wambani, PE Ogola, AW Makori, DW Nyamai,
R Lihana, MW Burugu, Joseph Kibe Karanja, Judith Munga, Pascaline Wangui Ngigi, JR
Wambani, WM Arika, HO Rachuonyo, Peter Kinuthia Kariuki, Olive M Mugenda, Jeniffer
Muthoni Kariuki, Obel H Jorum, NM Piero, Alex K Machocho, Daniel Kiprono Cheruiyot, Quiz
Elizabeth Awuor, Onkundi Paul Nyangaresi, Edward Mutwiri Mwikamba
KENYATTA UNIVERSITY, 2015
Cancer of the cervix is a disease of public health importance with a high global morbidity and
mortality. More than 266,000 women die every year, 87% of these women coming from low
and middle-income countries, where programmes for screening and treatment are deficient
or underutilized. The Ministry of Health through the Division of Reproductive Health launched
the National Cancer of the cervix Prevention Program, action plan 2005-2009 with the main
aim of reducing cancer of the cervix mortality rates. Despite the program being rolled out and
services being availed, they remain underutilized and cancer of the cervix mortality remain
relatively high in Kenya. This study aimed at establishing the factors influencing utilization of
the visual inspection method of cancer of the cervix screening services in Kitui Central Sub
county. It assessed the respondents level of awareness about cancer of the cervix
prevention, their social demographic, social economic, social cultural characteristics and
health care facilities factors as the variables associated with utilization of the availed cervical
screening tests. A cross-sectional study design was used. A sample of 370 women of
reproductive age attending MCH/FP clinic in public health facilities in the study area were
systematically randomly selected and exit interview was the main data collection technique.
Key informants were interviewed and facilities readiness to offer screening services was
assessed using facility survey checklist. Analysis and Processing of data was computed
using Statistical Package SPSS (Version 20). Key informants were also interviewed. The
level of awareness on cancer of the cervix prevention among eligible clients in study area
was low, 53.8%(n= 199) compared to the national target of more than 90% while the
prevalence of utilization of VIA/VILI services was also low, 14.9%. against the recommended
coverage rate of 70% for the programme to have an impact. There was statistical significant
association between utilization of VIA/VILI cancer of the cervix screening services and
Awareness on cancer of the cervix and its prevention (OR 3.0675 p= 0.000), level of
education (= 21.728, df= 3, p= 0.000), main source of income.(= 15.030, df= 2, p= 0.01),
average monthly income,(= 27.942, df= 4, p= 0.0001), main decision maker in the family,(=
6.908, df= 2, p= 0.032). Public Health facilities were not well staffed and equipped to
adequately offer the VIA/VILI screening services effectively. From this study, strategies
should be put into place to increase awareness on available methods of screening and
importance of being screened for cancer of the cervix among eligible women, Communities
should empower women educationally and economically and the County Government should
provide public health facilities with adequate human and material resources for cervical
screening purpose and together with National Government increase health care provider
knowledge and skills.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asetat di Kesehatan

Masyarakat Daerah Kabupaten Dekai Yahukimo

Latar belakang: Kanker serviks adalah kanker terbesar kedua di dunia pada wanita berusia 15-45
tahun setelah kanker payudara, sementara di Indonesia kanker ini berada di tempat pertama dan di
tempat keempat PPAua, di mana setiap jam diperkirakan satu wanita meninggal karena kanker
serviks. Salah satu intersepsi kanker serviks pada wanita melalui deteksi dini di Puskesmas melalui
Inspeksi Asam Asetat Visual (IVA), tetapi tidak semua wanita bersedia untuk HIV 1,76% di Pusat
Kesehatan Dekai 2017 yang dapat digunakan oleh petugas wanita yang berbeda.Tujuan Penelitian:
Untuk Menganalisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asetat
Pada Kesehatan Masyarakat Daerah Kabupaten Dekai Yahukimo.

Metode Penelitian: Analitik dengan desain case control. Populasi adalah semua ibu kota dengan
jumlah sampel 6 orang. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis menggunakan
chi square dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil: Faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan pemeriksaan IVA di
wilayah kerja Puskesmas Distrik Dekai Yahukimo adalah usia (nilai-p 0,011; OR = 4,911; CI95% (1,533-
15,732), pendidikan (p-nilai 0,002; OR = 6,573; CI95% (2,028-21,305), pekerjaan (p-value 0,002; OR =
0,996; CI95% (0,101-0,861), pengetahuan (pvalue 0,005; OR = 9,130; CI95% (0,901-43,857) dan sikap
(p-value 0,043 ; OR = 3.724; CI95% (1.168-11.872) Sedangkan faktor yang tidak kalah adalah
keterjangkauan (p-value 0,190; OR = 2.347; CI95% (0,801 6.874), Jumlah suami (p-value 0,926; OR =
0,817 ; CI95% (0,279-2,394) dan tenaga kesehatan (p-value 0,196; OR = 2,956; CI95% (0,749-11,666).
Usia dan pendidikan memiliki faktor dominan dalam pemeriksaan IVA.