REYES, JEAN – LUC S.

10/28/19

AB-1L

CROP SCIENTIFIC NAME MATURITY INDICES

 Develops smoother skin surface
 Glossiness or shine of the skin becomes
duller as the fruit reaches maturity
 Meets the minimum dry weight standard
Avocado Persea americana indicated by the State of California
 Variety Minimum Dry Weight (%)
Hass 20.8
A. FRUIT
Lamb Hass 22.8
Reed 18.7
 The skin color turns a dull color (purple or
green) and is slightly wrinkled and soft.
Caimito Chrysophyllum cainito  Shape is round to oblate and to 10 cm in
diameter.
 The exocarp (skin) is smooth and shiny.
 A thin, soft external rind and external
glossiness are also indicators of a pre-
maturity condition.
 The entire fruit is edible, either raw or
Squash Cucurbita
cooked, without removal of seeds and seed
cavity tissue.
 Small, young fruit are tender and generally
have a slightly sweet taste.
 It should not be too big or too small
depending on varieties.
B. VEGETABLES  The wrinkle spaces should not be too wide
Ampalaya Momordica charantia and should not have any cracks.
 Desirable size reached but still tender
(overmature if color dulls or changes and
seeds are tough)
 Beans should be harvested when the fruit is
bright green, the pod is fleshy and seeds
Vigna unguiculata ssp. are small and green.
Sitao
sesquipedalis  After that period, seed development
reduces quality and the pod becomes pithy
and tough and loose green color.
 Orchid flowers are usually harvested 3 to 4
days after opening, because flowers cut
prematurely will fail to develop normally off
the plant.
 Early and late in the season, individual
C. CUTFLOWERS Carnation Dianthus caryophyllus flowers are cut from the spike as they
develop, because prices are high atthese
times. In mid-season, the whole spike is cut.
 As individual flowers, purchase when fully
opens. Spikes should be purchased when at
least two flowers
  When the plant is mature it may vary
from50% to over 75% of the weight of the
stem.
D. FIBER CROPS Kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus  Its thickness varies significantly from the
base - where it is particularly wide and well-
developed - towards the apex, where it
thins down to become herbaceous.
 30 days for your sunflower to reach what is
considered to be full maturity
 The point at which the back of the flower
E. OIL CROPS Sunflower Helianthus
head has turned a light yellow or brown
 The seeds are dried and protruding from
the flower head per spike is open.
 General yellowish color of whole crop
F. SUGAR CROP Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum  Cessation of growth, swelling of eye buds,
metallic sound of cane.
 About 15 per cent moisture in grain
 Grains in hard dough stage
 Yellowing of spikelets
G. GRAIN CROP Wheat Triticum  Generally, the ideal harvest time lies
between 130 and 136 days after sowing for
late, 113 and 125 for medium, and 110 days
for early-maturing varieties.
 The approximate time of harvest in the field
is 60 to 120 days after planting but it
H. LEGUMES Cowpea Vigna unguiculata
depends on the maturity of the plants.

 Cassava roots maybe ready for harvest
beginning 6 to 7 months after planting.
 The age of the leaves and lower leaf
yellowing can be a sign of harvest maturity.
Cassava Manihot esculenta
When the lower leaves are distinctly yellow
and some have dried, it is likely the plants
are mature enough for the roots to be
harvested.
 Depending on variety, taro is between 6
I. ROOT AND
and 14 months in the field. The tubers are
TUBER CROPS
ripe and ready for harvest when the leaves
turn yellow and the plant begins to wither.
 The fully ripe tubers should be harvested in
Gabi Colocasia esculenta dry weather. If you harvest during the dry
season, the tubers may be left in the earth
for some time and will not spoil.
 When the field is wet, the ripe tubers must
be harvested quickly. They may sprout and
will then be no good for human food.