Stoichiomefry for Chemical Engineers continued throughout the book.

Their
BOOK REVIEWS
These hooks reflect the difference in the
fields they cover. "Fluorooarbons" gives
arather detailed description of the technol-
ogy of polymers derived from CzFl and
CzF3CI. The forming of articles is covered
intensively. The unusual and useful prop-
erties are emphasized. The chapter on
the chemistry of the fluorocarbon resins
is somewhat condensed hut gives a good
s w e y of the patent literature of the field.
Since these hooks are written for engineers
and technical people it is surprising that
there are no figures given on the cost of the
polymers.
"Cellulosics," on the other hand, is in
the nature of a. survey of the many v a r i e
ties of resin represented. Less space is
used in discussing the means of fabrication
and none on the end uses which are
possible. The engineering properties of
See https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles.
Edwin T . Williams, Associate Professor
of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania
State University and R. Cuvtis Johnson,
Director of Scientific Computation,
Compnmatix, Inc. McGraw-Hill Book
Co., Inc., New York, 1958. xiii + 350
pp. Many tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $8.
In the 0refw.e of this hook we learn that
ing an element and "metran" meaning
measure. Lewis and Radasoh (1926) had
defined industrial stoichiometry as "the
application of the laws of consemation of
matter, of the elements and of energy, and
of the chemical l m of comhining weights
t o the prooesses and operations of indus-
trial chemistry." This is quite different
from the physical chemioal viewpoint of
method of attack on problems of material
balance can be described as the algebraic
method rather than the tie element
method. As the authors point out, setting
up algebraic equations has appeal t o stu-
dents because they are familiar with alge-
bra. But i t ignores the simplicity and
straight-line thinking of the tie element
method, which, once mastered, is a power-
ful tool for industrial chemical calcula-
tion.
The chapter an chemical and physical
principles includes ohemiotsl formulas and
equations, temperature and pressure, the
perfect gas laws, and condensable vapors.
Material balances includes key component
(tie element), simultaneous equations, and
bypass and recycle. Energy balances
start with the fint law of thermodynamics
for flow systems, then introduces enthalpy,
heat capacity, latent heats, thermochem-
istry, thermodynamic paths, and adiabatic

the various cellulosics are considered in
detail and many comparisons are made he-
tween oellulosic resins as well s s with cam-
petitive materials. This book seems to he
the best thought-out of the prefient series.
Downloaded via 49.145.59.208 on February 7, 2020 at 16:53:23 (UTC).
Sidney Young in his Stoichiometry. The
objectives of Williams and Johnson are:
"(1) T o stress the use of fundamental prin-
ciples, rather t h m reliance on memorized
short cuts; (2) To inculcate neat and logi-
reaction temperature. The chapter on
unit operations applies the principles
learned to fluid flow, heat transmission,
evaporation, and condensation of vapors
(humidity and the humidity chart).

This series is written for the industrial cal habits of orohlem-attack and mohlem-
technical man. The present volumes
seem well suited to such an audience.
operations."
They will d m be of interest to engineering
To achieve these objectives the authors
students (chemical, mechanical, electrical,
and perhaps others) and somewhat less sopresent six chapters covering msthemati-
to industrial chemistry students. cal prinoiples, chemical and physical prin-
ciples, material balances, energy balances,
THOMASE. FERINGTON unit operations, chemical processes.
College of Wwster Units, dimensions, and labels for numbers
Wooster, Ohio are introduced on page 1 and their use
Chemical processes far which calculations
are made are oomhustion of fuels, axida-
tion of sulfur and sulfur compounds, and
vinyl acetate mimufacture. This last
illustrated problem on a. proposed vinyl
acetate plant iis the application of all the
methods learned previously t o a hypothet-
ical industrial plant-s, most stimulating
experience t o a sophomore student.
(Continued m page Ag541

A252 / Journal of Chemical Educafion


BOOK REVIEWS
The authors stress many good terh-
niques for prohlem working, psrtieulnrly
the drawing of bloekdiagmmsfor the proe-
ess or piece of equipment involved in the
calculation. Many illustrated prohlems
are given, along with many prol,lems at,
the end of each chapter. Complete s o h -
tions, not just an answer, are given in
Appendix V for a few prohlems in each
chapter. An extensive series of xp-
pendixes gives many physical, chemical and
engineering data and a humidity ?hart,.
This book is bot,wcen the elementary
" P ~ m e s s Calculation" of Kitmrnermeyrr
and Oshurn and the revised "Industrial
Stoichiometr.~" of Lewis, &clxarh, and
Lewis. I t will satisfy many ehemirnl
engineering teachers as s. sophomo~.clevcl
stoiehiomet,l:y text.
KENNETIT A. KOBE
The lUniversit!, of l'ezaa
A wtin
Advancer in Petroleum Chemistry and
Refining. Volume 1
Edited by Kenneth A . Kobe and John J .
dlcKella, Jv., Department of Chemical
Ihgineering, University of Texas.
Intcrseiencp Puhlishcrs, Inc., New York,
1968. xv + 641 pp. Many figs. and
tnhlra. I6 X 23.5 rm. W3.50.
This hook launrhes a series that has two
A254 / Journol of Chemicol Educofion
somewhat contradictory aims: to record
the advances in the petroleum and petro-
chemical industries as they occur, and to
serve ultimstrly as s. reference work.
These aims are contradictory because re-
cent advanecs can constitute only a small
"art of a. hook eomorehensive enoueh to
t,he title is misleading.
The swies \ d l resemhle s teehniesl
journal in several respects. A new volume
will appear annnslly. Each valomo will
include a vide variety of mhjcets ranging
from ecanomirs to mechanical equipment,
with timeliness the chief crit,prion for selec-
tion. Ilaeh snhjeat will he h a n d l d by an
expert in the field.
The first volume should hc of inkrest
and value t,o anyone engaged in the refin-
ing of pet,roleum. Aowcvcr, heenusc tho
suhjrrta are diverse, most readers will find
only a few nppliaahle to their own w o k
From the stsndpoint of usefulness, organi-
zation by subject matter, mther than
timrliness, u m ~ l dhc much pr~ferred.
Only two prt,roh:um-refining and two
pptrochrrnicnls snhjeetn are covered; alky-
Intion, catalytic reforming, the o m process
f m making primary nleolrols, and the pro-
duction of polymers, such as polyethylene,
by surface cat,alysis. The discussion of
alkylstion is limitod to the chemistry of
the reaction; it npdatettepin mom readnhle
form-a. chapter puhli~hed in 1048 in
"Advances in Cnt;~lysis."
Chapters on three unit operations-
rlist,illntion, n.ystnlliaation, and solvent
extraetion-diseuas prinrigler bhoroughly
enough that t,hey might hr wed its general
texts for these subjects.
A chapter on power plants of t,he futuro
shoi~ldappeal particularly to nwehsniral
mgincers. Al~t,omobile-conscio~~s Ame1.i-
cans can get here the informed specula-
tions of an expert on the possibilitirs of gas
turbines, free-piston engines, and nthcr
recent engine developments.
The hroador suhjerts should apppal to a
hro.zd audience. Three chapters dealing
with rconornics and future trruds give an
cxeellrnt survey of the p r t r o l ~ u mindustry,
with emphasis on pt-trolcum production.
l<conomists shodd find thpm intrrcsting.
Students of political s c i ~ n c rmsy alm he
intwcstcd in tlrc discussions of d ~ p r r r i n -
tion sllowsnecfi and petroleum imports.
All of the chapters in the first volume are
authoritative and well written. Typog-
mphy and illustrations are excellent, and
the index appears t,o be conlplete and well
srmnged. This book should bc in all
petrolcum-refining lihmri~s.
R. J . HENMTEREDK
Slnndnrd Oil Compnnl, ( I n d i a n a ) .
Whiling, Indiana