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About Cancer
Cancer Treatment
Types of Cancer Treatment
CANCER TREATMENT
o Types of Cancer Treatment
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Radiation Therapy
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Radiation therapy does not kill cancer cells right away. It takes days or weeks of treatment
before DNA is damaged enough for cancer cells to die. Then, cancer cells keep dying for
weeks or months after radiation therapy ends.
The type of radiation therapy that you may have depends on many factors, including:
With brachytherapy, the radiation source in your body will give off radiation for a while.
With systemic radiation, your body fluids, such as urine, sweat, and saliva, will give off
radiation for a while.
When used to treat cancer, radiation therapy can cure cancer, prevent it from returning, or
stop or slow its growth.
Brachytherapy is most often used to treat cancers of the head and neck, breast, cervix,
prostate, and eye.
A systemic radiation therapy called radioactive iodine, or I-131, is most often used to treat
certain types of thyroid cancer.
Another type of systemic radiation therapy, called targeted radionuclide therapy, is used to
treat some patients who have advanced prostate cancer or gastroenteropancreatic
neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET). This type of treatment may also be referred to as
molecular radiotherapy.
Before surgery, to shrink the size of the cancer so it can be removed by surgery and be
less likely to return.
During surgery, so that it goes straight to the cancer without passing through the skin.
Radiation therapy used this way is called intraoperative radiation. With this technique,
doctors can more easily protect nearby normal tissues from radiation.
After surgery to kill any cancer cells that remain.
Talk with your health insurance company about what services it will pay for. Most
insurance plans pay for radiation therapy. To learn more, talk with the business office at
the clinic or hospital where you go for treatment. If you need financial assistance, there are
organizations that may be able to help. To find such organizations, go to the National
Cancer Institute database, Organizations that Offer Support Services and search for
"financial assistance." Or call toll-free 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) to ask for
information on organizations that may help.
You may get to a point during your radiation therapy when you feel too sick to work. Talk
with your employer to find out if you can go on medical leave. Check that your health
insurance will pay for treatment while you are on medical leave.
Related Resources
FDA Approves New Treatment for Certain Neuroendocrine Tumors
Radiation Therapy and You: Support for People With Cancer
PDQ® Cancer Information Summaries: Adult Treatment
PDQ® Cancer Information Summaries: Pediatric Treatment
Updated: January 8, 2019
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