Naming branched organic compound

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A branch/ substituent is an atom or group of atoms other than hydrogen on a carbon chain

Some common branches are

1. Alkyl (consisting of carbon and hydrogen)

2. Halogen

Alkyl branches have the general formula:CnH2n+1-

Alkyl branches do not exist on their own as they do not have the maximum number of bonds in order to
be stable.

Alkyl branches/substituents

Alkyl Branch Name Molecular Formula Shortened structural

Formula

Methyl-

Ethyl-

Propyl-

Butyl-

Halogen branches

Halogen Name of halogen branch Formula of branch

Fluorine

Chlorine

Bromine

Iodine
Prefix name of two or more of the same type of branches

No. of the same branch Name

2 di-

3 tri

4 tetra

Steps in naming branched organic compounds

1. Number the longest continuous carbon chain left to right and right to left

2. Name the branch and designate it the lowest possible position number

3. Name the straight chain organic compound

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4. Name of branched organic compound

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Example 1

1. Number the longest continuous carbon chain left to right and right to left

2. Name the branch=

3. Designate it the lowest possible position number=

4. Name the straight chain organic compound=

5. Name of branched organic compound=

Example 2

1. Number the longest continuous carbon chain left to right and right to left containing functional
group

2. Name the branch=

3. Designate it the lowest possible position number=

4. Name the straight chain organic compound=

5. Name of branched organic compound=

Example 3

1. Number the longest continuous carbon chain left to right and right to left

2. Name the branches =

3. Designate the branches the lowest possible position numbers =

4. Name the straight chain organic compound=

5. Name of branched organic compound=