Ionization

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Segment of the THOR survey near the Sagittarius arm of the Milky Way. The crosses
indicate the position of polarized radio emissions. Sizes correspond to the magnitude of a
Faraday rotation effect. Strong radio sources indicate the position of the spiral arm. Credit:
J. Stil/University of Calgary/MPIA.

Jan 15, 2020

Charge separation drives galactic formation.

As written many times in the past, galaxies travel within a circuit of electricity flowing
through the cosmos. Electricity organizes itself within masses of plasma that can be
larger than galaxy clusters. Since plasma is primarily composed of neutral atoms, but
with free electrons, protons and other charged particles in motion, electrical energy
orders of magnitude more powerful than gravity is generated.

Fusion occurs, not in stellar cores, but on their surfaces. Fusion reactions can also occur
when charge separation reaches a trigger point in ionized plasmas, releasing cosmic
lightning bolts. Since a supernova results from stored electromagnetic energy release, as
well (similar to a capacitor shorting out), electric charge becomes concentrated at one
point, blasting out radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio to
gamma rays. Elements heavier than hydrogen and helium are formed in those events.

Since power is calculated by the formula, P (W) = E(J) / t (s), a 5 billion Joule lightning bolt on
Earth, lasting 2 seconds, releases 2.5 billion watts of power. One can imagine the power
output from the double layer explosion of a star. It is no wonder that so much oxygen is
concentrated in galactic spiral arms. They are where charge flows back to galactic cores,
causing the greatest accumulation of electricity.

According to a recent press release, for spiral arms to form “…material must be
constantly flushed into the spiral arms to replenish the supply of gas and dust.”

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Astronomers from the University of Calgary in Canada, the Max Planck Institute for
Astronomy (MPIA) in Heidelberg and other research institutions report that they found a
portion of the Interstellar Medium they are calling the “warm ionized region” (WIM).

“High-energy radiation from hot stars causes the hydrogen gas of the WIM to be largely
ionised. The results suggest that the WIM condenses in a narrow area near a spiral arm
and gradually flows into it while cooling.”

Although the press release mentions ionized gas, it discusses the behavior of such gas in
kinetic terms that mean “cooling” over long periods of time. Since the ISM and WIM are
ionized, they are electrically conductive and are in the plasma state, which means that
gravity will exert a weak force when compared to the 10^39 greater magnitude of the
plasma’s electric field. Stars are not hydrogen fusion systems that forge new elements
out of heat and pressure, they are the foci of Birkeland currents that make up circuits
flowing around the galaxy.

Instead of gravity and cold gas, new stars are created in a boost of electric charge. The
electric sheaths around new stars receive input from the galactic Birkeland currents in
which they are immersed, and get pushed into the “glow” discharge state. Gravity has
little, if anything, to do with the processes of star (or galaxy) formation.

Stephen Smith

The Thunderbolts Picture of the Day is generously supported by the Mainwaring Archive
Foundation.

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