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INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Humor is important part in everyday life. In society, humor can used to avoid
the users. Humor has a quality in something that makes it becomes funny and to
laugh at things. By using humor, the speaker can say the truth elegantly or softly
Humor can be funny for someone, but can be awkward because humor
phenomenon influenced by culture. Every society has their types of humor and
aspects. The aspect of humor that can makes funny or not depends on many
geographical location. One of the most famous types of humor is American humor
that is well-known all over the world. The America sense of humor is more
slapstick and satire. Furthermore, both of satire and slapstick are part of humor.
prepackaged humorous anecdotes that means people memorize and pass on to one
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accidental physical humor and accidental linguistic humor. Accidental physical
humor includes minor mishaps, platfall and slapstick. Accidental linguistic arises
related to the heist criminal. This movie is produced and written by Olivia Milch
overstatement, slapstick and satire way. The ways to make audience laugh are also
different. The characters in this movie usually say what they mean indirectly such
as using satire types in their conversation. By using the satire humor, the audience
will not only enjoy the sitcom but they will get information by understanding the
theory of implicature. Implicature in humor can be divided into two points. First,
the implicature in humor can makes the audience laugh. Second, comprehending
utterances which are said by the characters in Ocean’s 8 movie. The goals of this
sitcom movie is not only to make the audience laugh but also to persuade the
Moreover, the problem in this movie is caused by the audience who do not
understand well the message that the characters want to say. Therefore, the
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because the message that the characters want to say by using satire and
overstatement style humor which are funny. Based on Grice (2000, p.43) divided
implicature into two types, there are conventional implicature and conversation
the words used. The conventional implicature does not depend on the special
context for the interpretation and does not occur in conversation. According to
normally obey”.
In this study, the researcher will focusses to analyze the implicature or implied
meaning which have other purpose. The characters in this movie use so many
types of humor but this research only uses two types of humor which the types are
really interesting. The types of humor are satire and overstatement. Therefore, the
two types are chosen because the types are very dominantly used in conversation.
As the result the researcher conducted a study entitled “The Implied Meaning of
This study can be analyzed into several theory such as focused on contextual
theory, focused on flouting maxim and etc. But in this research, the researcher
will analyze the implicature of conversation humor only and focused on the
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this movie the characters are dominantly use satire and overstatement utterance on
characters in Ocean’s 8?
Ocean’s 8.
Ocean’s 8 movie.
1. Theoretically
2. Practically
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It can help students of English Study Program to understand deeper in
studying humor theory and to make understand the implied meaning when
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CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
amuse people. People laugh about anything but not with everyone. Humor is a
their own types of humor. In this study the researcher will focused in the
American Humor in the movie Ocean’s Eight. American humor is difference with
another countries humor. The differences are due to the culture. American humor
is using kind of major of humor, there are ethnic group, accents, satire, wordplay
etc.
Martin (2007, p. 11) say that “humor occurs in everyday social interactions unto
dependent than context joke telling, and it is rather not funny. A twinkle in the
eye, tone of voice, ambiguous than joke telling are example of conversation
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Entendres, Transformation of Frozen Expression, and Pun. Moreover, in this
study will focussed on the Satire and Overstatement humor since the characters in
the Ocean’s 8 movie more often use the Satire or Overstatement utterance to
2.1.1.2 Satire
2.1.1.3 Overstatement
2.1.2 Implicature
means that an utterance contains the meaning weather it is implied or not. Grice
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the words used. The conventional implicature does not depend on the special
context for the interpretation and does not occur in conversation. According to
normally obey”.
DEBBIE: "You know what? I have run this thing 1,000 times. (Overstatement)
Every time I got caught, I fixed it. And in three years, I wasn't getting caught
anymore. By the time I was paroled, it was running like clockwork.
Perfectly.” (Overstatement)
The utterance happen when Debbie have lunch in the restaurant with Lou,
Debbie’s partner in crime. Lou asked Debbie “Why do you (Debbie) need to do
this (rob)?” and Debbie answered by saying satire utterance that “Because it’s
what I’m good at (it means expert in robbing something but she implied by
saying ‘good at’ thought actually not good overall). Furthermore, Debbie adds
overstatement by saying “I have run this thing 1000 times……… By the time I
was paroled, it was running like clockwork. Perfectly.” That utterance has
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implied that Debbie has highly competent in crime especially in robbing
something.
Ocean’s 8 release on 8 June 2018, directed by Gary Rose and Olivia Milch
woman will be the main character, younger sister Danny Ocean, Debbie Ocean
has a partner in crime Lou. They planned to make a team, there are: Rose Weill as
This team have a great plan to steal the Toussaint (the necklace), $150
million Cartier necklace, from Met Gala (The most exclusive party in America).
This Met Gala invited the famous actress that known for her long neck, Daphne
who will wear the Toussaint. The team manipulates Daphne Kluger into hiring
Weil and convince Cartier to loan Daphne the Toussaint. Dabbie’s team also scan
and duplicate the necklace that use cubic zirconia duplicate. Tammy gets a job at
Vogue and she gains access to the gala. Debbie knows Claude Becker as art dealer
who ratted her to the police. Then, Debbie manipulates Daphne to invite Becker
as her date to the Gala. Lou as Debbie’s friend knows that Debbie has planning to
againts Becker, gets dissapointed by saying “don’t run a job, in a job” but actually
Debbie try to make sure that Becker cannot makes this team gone be end up in the
prison.
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In this movie is kind of heist comedy that have 8 woman main characters.
conversation humor. This case, it can be interesting to be analyze them into types
utterances, it can be rather difficult to understand the hide meaning what they
want to said actually. Moreover, in this research the researcher try to analyze the
overstatement humor and the next the researcher will analyze what the implied
humor analysis. There are reviews and discussion about the implicature and
humor in the movie. Many researchers have done many studies on humor with
pragmatic approach. However, the writer has managed to find a lot of studies that
discuss about humor and implicature in order literary works – mostly are in a form
humor by applying theory of maxim flouting. The research reveal three findings.
The first is explanation of four types of maxim flouting. The second is about the
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types of humor. And the last is about the function of humor that has relation with
maxim flouting.
In this study, the researcher investigates the same field about humor, but
this research will be more specific topic since the researcher only use two types of
humor which is satire and overstatement. This research different from those
previous studies. It observes not only the humor aspect, but this study observes
about the implicature which has purpose to finding the implied meaning of
conversation humor. Moreover, the data of the research were gained from the
PRAGMATIC
HUMOR IMPLICATURE
OVER SA
STAT TI
EME RE
NT
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
qualitative approach is used to describe and explain the conversation humor and
the intention of the speaker by using types of humor in the movie entitled Ocean’s
describing the data in the writen text. According to Moleong (2002, p.4) said that
inducitively”.
Beverelson (as cited in Krippendorff, 2003, p.18) that “a research technique for
There are sources data and the data. In this research, the source data is the
movie itself “Ocean’s 8” that is directed by Gary Rose and Olivia Milch as co-
writer. Whereas, data is taken from script in the Ocean’s 8 release on 8 June 2018,
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directed by Gary Rose and Olivia Milch as co-writer. The writer got the data from
the script of “Ocean’s 8” that consists of two types of conversation humor. The
data were taken from the dialogues that contained the satire and overstatement
types of humor.
1. Find the movie and the other references to get more data that relates about
3. Focused with the main source of the data movie script Ocean’s 8 that will
4. Searching more data to get the understanding of Ocean’s 8 and the theory
by web surfing.
5. The writer compiles, classify, and tabulates the collected data into the
following table according table according to the Martin and Grice theory.
In analyzing data, the researcher makes the list of data, to select the
necessary data that can be analyzed in this research. After that, the next step is
collecting and classifying the data concerning the cases of the research. In this
step, the researcher will apply the theory that is connected with the problem of the
research to be described and to analyze the data with the theory. Then after
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describing and analyzing data, the researcher concludes the discussion of the data
are the primary instrument and the secondary instrument. The primary instrument
is researcher and the knowledge related to the theories used. The researcher is the
only one who collects the information and developed the other research.
Meanwhile, the secondary instrument is the table as the data sheets. The form of
data sheets consists of four tables. The first table is for the data which contain the
humor utterances by the characters. The secondly table is for the context of the
utterances. The third is table for the types of conversation humor which is satire
humor and overstatement humor. The fourth table is for the analysis of
Str Ovs
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at." Lou, Debbie’s it’s what I’m good at.
partner in
crime.
Str : Satire
Ovs : Overstatement
3.6 Trustworthiness
study’s findings are credible, transferable, confirmable and dependable. There are
The credible, it means that the research process and result can be accepted
and believed. Transferable, it means the research results are applicable to other
Confirmable means the findings are based on participant’s responses and not any
potential personal motivations of the researcher. The last, dependable means the
extention of the study could be repeated by other researchers and that the findings
would be consistent.
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CHAPTER IV
Martin (2007, p. 11) say that “humor occurs in everyday social interactions unto
or unintentional humor.” Based on the definition above that humor has categories,
then the researcher only focused on the conversation humor which is satire and
overstatement humor types since the characters in the movie are dominantly using
study will focussed on the Satire and Overstatement humor since the characters in
the Ocean’s 8 movie more often use the Satire or Overstatement utterance to
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4.1.1 Satire Conversation Humor
what is necessary.
4.2.3 Implicature
implicature does not depend on the special context for the interpretation and does
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4.2 Discussion
(1.) Conversation between Debbie and Lou in minute 00:09:31 --> 00:09:37
The context of this conversation, Lou pick up her friend’s Debbie that she
has just been in jail for five years. Then, Debbie asked Lou when they stay in the
car that did Lou gets the credit line for her business. But actually Lou doesn’t
makes the credit line. We know that the credit line can help the financial to build
Debbie asked seriously to the Lou about the credit line. But Lou gives
answered by making satirical humor that “Because I don’t know what it’s for”
thought actually Lou knows the function of the credit line itself but she won’t
manage the credit line because her works is illegal. She implied the meaning by
(2.) The conversation between Lou and Debbie in minute 00:13:09 --> 00:13:14
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LOU: “That's where they have money?”
The setting of this dialogue is in the street. Debbie and Lou are looking for
restaurant in the city and they look at the bank from the opposite. They are
actually talking about the place where they want to make a plan for robbing.
Debbie statement that the firstly she want to do is to find the place where they
have money, and of course it is the bank. But actually she just like rethinking
about robbing at the bank. Then, she said that “it’s kind of boring” it has implied
meaning that she actually often robing money at the bank and she try to find the
(3.) The conversation between Debbie and Lou in minute 00:14:02 -->00:14:06
DEBBIE : “So?”
The setting of this dialogue is in the restaurant. Debbie and Lou are
planning to robbing the necklace in the museum while they are lunch. In this
conversation when Debbie explain about the place where they want to rob the
necklace, Lou said that “it’s still museum…… So, it’s not like robbing a liquor
store” Lou statement is overstatement that has implied meaning. The implied
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(4) The conversation between Debbie and Lou in minute 00:14:06 --> 00:14:10
Still in the restaurant with Debbie’s friend, Lou. In this part Debbie say
something while she was eating her lunch and Lou cut her statement by saying
“I’m sorry, I don’t speak Ukranian”. Lou’s statement is really interesting because
she teas or gives satire humor to Debbie by saying “I don’t speak Ukranian”. Iit
has implied meaning that Debbie’s utterance it’s not clear enough and almost likes
statement it’s like Lou gives signal to Debbie that don’t start communication
(5) the conversation between Debbie and Lou in minute 00:14:51 --> 00:14:58
DEBBIE : “And you were there with me, every step of the way.”
The setting in the restaurant, while Debbie and Lou are having lunch
together. They discussed their plan to robbing the necklace until Debbie explain
about the reason why she believe with Lou as her partner. Debbie believe. When
Debbie gives the reason why she believe to Lou, Lou gives satire humor by saying
“Oh, Honey, is this a proposal?” Lou implied that she is actually agree that
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statement and realize that Debbie is her best friend. They are not lesbian actually,
but it expression about how the cutest of friendship between Debbie and Lou.
(6) The conversation between Lou and Debbie in minute 00:14:51 --> 00:14:58
DEBBIE : “And you were there with me, every step of the way.”
The setting in the restaurant, while Debbie and Lou are having lunch
together. They discussed their plan to robbing the necklace until Debbie explain
about the reason why she believe with Lou as her partner. Debbie believe with
Lou that Lou will always in beside of Debbie in everything. have a diamond yet”.
It is kind of satire humor that Debbie doesn’t has the diamond to held the proposal
however it just a humor but it can be related to the planning about stole the
diamond necklace. The implied is that they have to robbing the necklace
successfully and then they can get the happiness. They interpreted the proposal is
happiness and the diamond is the object that they want to robbing.
(7) The conversation between Lou and Deb in minute 00:14:59--> 00:15:04
DEBBIE : “Come on. Do you really wanna spend the rest of your life watering
Lou that she must believe that it has a good benefits. Actually Lou work at the bar
after Debbie end up in the prison five years ago. Debbie statement “…. Do you
really wanna spend the rest of your life watering down well vodka?” it is satire
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humor and she implied that Lou is just working at the bar and watering down the
vodka is illegal, and it doesn’t has a good benefit to her. So, Lou has changes her
(8) The conversation between Lou and Deb in minute 00:15:42 --> 00:15:53
DEBBIE : “I don't know yet. But as soon as I do, you'll be the very first person
that I tell.”
In this part, Debbie and Lou join the fan-meeting of Daphne Klugger as
the artist who will wearing the cartier necklace. It is part of question and answer.
The one of reporter asked to Daphne about the designer of Daphne when she visit
the Met Gala soon. In this conversation is satire humor because when the reporter
asked to the Daphne about who’s the designer of Daaphne. Then, Daphne impled
by saying “… But as soon as I do you’ll be the very first person that I tell” it’s not
real statement but actually she wants to making stop the reporter who keeps asked
(10) The conversation between Lou and Deb in minute 00:16:11 --> 00:16:19
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DEBBIE : “Oh, my God, all the Edwardian collars and the ruffles.”
Daphne and they know that Daphne doesn’t has the designer yet. Deb and
Lou makes plan to find the designer to Dahpne. Then they found Rose Weil as the
designer. Rose will be the choose to be new team and makes a coordinator with
Deb and Lou. Debbie cannot believe with Rose Weil as the designer than she said
“She was big in the 90’s” has implied that the design by Rose is musty and is not
(11) The conversation between Lou and Deb in minute 00:16:11 --> 00:16:19
DEBBIE : “Oh, my God, all the Edwardian collars and the ruffles.”
It continued after Debbie and Lou visit the fan-meeting of Daphne and
they know that Daphne doesn’t has the designer yet. Deb and Lou makes plan to
find the designer to Dahpne. Then they found Rose Weil as the designer. Rose
will be the choose to be new team and makes a coordinator with Deb and Lou.
The second Debbie’s statement has the satire humor “….. all the Edwardian
collars and the ruffles” implied meaning that it is not good designer.
(12) The conversation between Deb an d Lou in minute 00:16:32 --> 00:16:37
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LOU: “There's a lien on her assets, they've impounded her passport. The bank
analyze about Rose’s life. Lou told to Debbie that Rose has so many problem with
financial. To answer Lou’s explanation about Rose then, Debbie said satire humor
by saying “She sounds amazing”. It implied meaning that rose are really poor
person. The words “amazing” is satire of bad things. Then, it can be related to the
(14) The conversation between Deb and Rose in minute 00:17:41 -->00:17:58
DEBBIE: "Oh."
ROSE: "Rose Weil. " Her new collection is like taking a tour of your
Debbie and Lou found Rose Weill in the corner of her room and they try
to talk with Rose to make sure that she wants to join them in a team. But first,
Rose shows the one of netizen’s comment in her blog. The comment by netizen in
Rose’s blog continued to be satire humor that the designer by Rose is just musty
and dated. The implied is Rose is never change her model design.
(16) The conversation between Deb and Lou in minute 00:20:06 --> 00:20:10
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DEBBIE: “These are all Russians. They're hackers.”
In this section, the setting is in the Lou’s house when Deb and Lou
discussed to find the hacker cctv and communication. This conversation is satire
humor because when Deb gives the statement that “these are all Russians. The’re
hackers”. Then Lou gives question answer in satire humor by saying “Are there
no hackers who aren’t Russian?.” It implied that they need Russian and the
(17) The conversation between Deb and Amita in minute 00:21:21 --> 00:21:36
DEBBIE: “How long would it take you to make seven pieces of jewelry if the
DEBBIE: “How long if I told you you didn't have to live with your mother
anymore?”
AMITA: “Less.”
Debbie and Lou must have to find goldsmith. Then Debbie has old friend who’s
goldsmith. Her name is Amita, from Indian. They meet in the street market and
they discussed about Amita’s skilled to cut the jewelry. Then Debbie question
about how long to make seven pieces of jewelry has been answered by Amita.
Then, Debbie try to makes sense satire humor by saying “How long if I told you,
you didn’t have to live with ypur mother anymore?” then Amita said “less”. The
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Deb’s question impled that actually Amita’s background family is not harmony
since her father dead and her mother doesn’t care with her. so by answering “less”
it can be that Amita have to finish to make seven pieces jewelry in a short time.
Humor
(3.) The conversation between Debbie and Lou in minute 00:14:02 -->00:14:06
DEBBIE : “So?”
The setting of this dialogue is in the restaurant. Debbie and Lou are
planning to robbing the necklace in the museum while they are lunch. In this
conversation when Debbie explain about the place where they want to rob the
necklace, Lou said that “it’s still museum…… So, it’s not like robbing a liquor
store” Lou statement is overstatement that has implied meaning. The implied
(12.) The conversation between Deb and Lou in minute 00:16:50 --> 00:16:59
LOU: “Those guys over there? The only ones who'll still loan her money.”
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The setting in this conversation is in Rose’s boutique and they try to
analyze about Rose’s life. Lou told to Debbie that Rose has so many problem with
financial. While Lou told about Rose’s problem, Debbie comment that the guys
who’s loan Rose’s money are look worried to the performance design by Rose.
Then, Lou adds statement “….. This is a train wreck” Lou uses kind of
the performance is bad and it can makes new problem to Rose, because it is
(13.) The Conversation between Deb and Rose in minute 00:17:41 -->
00:17:58
DEBBIE: "Oh."
ROSE: "Rose Weil. "Her new collection is like taking a tour of your
Debbie and Lou found Rose Weill in the corner of her room and they try to talk
with Rose to make sure that she wants to join them in a team. But first, Rose
shows the one of netizen’s comment in her blog. Rose read the comment by
Rose is look like “a tour of your grandmother’s closet”. The implied is that the
(15) The conversation between Lou and Debbie in minute 00:18:53 --> 00:19:02
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ROSE: "She seems sort of tense."
After Rose join the team of Deb, Rose will makes a plan or design to the Daphne
by looking the character bodies of Daphne. Rose comment the body of Daphne
and she judge that Daphne has good body, good boobs, huge features and eyes
like bambi. “eyes like bambi” is implied that bambi is deer animal in the kartoon
movie which has cute and big eyes. Then Rose compare the eyes of Daphne and
Bambi’s eyes. So, Daphne’s eyes is big, cute, clear and shiny like a bambi’s eyes.
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CHAPTER V
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Suggestion
From the previous conclusion, for the readers who are interested to
analyze the implied meaning of conversation humor in the movie, they should
analyze the context because identifying the implicature especially the implied
meaning can be done if they know the context of the utterances. Then, for the
readers who are interested in pragmatic study, the readers can use the other movie
but in the same genre as the object of analysis. The readers can apply the other
theories in terms of humor. The readers can also apply the other theories of
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