SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

Forensic Medicine

1. Generally, spermatozoa may persist in the vagina up to:

A. 6 hours D. 3 days
B. 8 hours E. 5 days
C. 1 day

2. Definitive evidence of child sexual abuse, EXCEPT:

A. Healed hymenal laceration D. Hymenal notch or cleft
B. Presence of spermatozoa in the genitalia E. Positive for sexually transmitted
infection
C. Bruising in the hymen

3. Laceration of the hymen is considered shallow or superficial when:

A. It only produces congestion of the affected area.
B. When there is diffused abrasion of the affected hymen.
C. There is only slight penetration of the vulva.
D. When laceration does not go beyond one half of the width of the hymen.
E. There is rapid healing of the hymenal injury.

4. Documentary evidence in rape cases, EXCEPT:

A. Victim’s testimony D. Victim’s Psychological Report
B. Birth certificate E. Police Investigation Report
C. Medico-Legal Report

5. Circumstances under which the crime of rape is committed, EXCEPT:

A. Insertion of a finger into the woman’s genitalia against her will
B. Carnal knowledge employed by means of "fraudulent machination"
C. A female inserted her finger into the anus of a male without his consent
D. A consensual intercourse between a male and another male
E. Consensual intercourse with an 11-year-old child

6. Reclusion Perpetua shall be imposed if the crime of rape is committed with any of the
following aggravating circumstances, EXCEPT:
A. The victim is a child below seven years D.The victim is a virgin prior to the assault
B. The offender knows the victim is pregnant E.The offender is HIV-positive or has AIDS
C. The victim is a religious and is known to the offender as such

7. Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998:

A. Republic Act 8353 D. Republic Act 8505
B. Republic Act 7610 E. Republic Act 9262
C. Republic Act 9208

8. Carnal relation with a child below 12 years of age is considered:

A. Simple seduction D. Statutory rape
B. Qualified seduction E. Incestuous rape
C. Child sexual abuse

9. In prosecutions for rape, evidence of complainant’s past sexual conduct, opinion thereof or of
his/her reputation shall not be admitted unless, and only to the extent that the court finds that
such evidence is material and relevant to the case:
A. Evidentiary presumptions D. “Normal conduct” doctrine
B. Doctrine of tenacious resistance E. Grave abuse of authority
C. Rape shield clause

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

10. Any physical overt act manifesting resistance against the act of rape in any degree from the
offended party, or where the offended party is so situated as to render her/him incapable of
giving valid consent, may be accepted as evidence in the prosecution of rape:
A. Evidentiary presumptions in favor of rape victim D. Doctrine of tenacious resistance
B. Rape shield clause E. Grave abuse of authority
C. “Assault on chastity, honor or virtue” doctrine

11. Insidious words or machinations used to induce the rape victim to act in a manner which
would enable the offender to carry out his design:
A. Grave abuse of authority D. Intimidation
B. Threat E. Fraudulent machination
C. Deprived of reason

12. Virginity of the victim is a necessary element in the crime of:

A. Rape D. Simple seduction
B. Statutory rape E. Sexual harassment
C. Qualified seduction

13. The Anti-Rape Law of 1997:

A. Republic Act 8505 D. Republic Act 8353
B. Republic Act 7610 E. Republic Act 9262
C. Republic Act 9208

14. Which statement is NOT valid?

A. Children cannot fantasize about sexual acts of which they have no experience.
B. Child sexual abuse is a serious social problem.
C. A medico-legal examination where no abnormality is found excludes child sexual abuse.
D. Findings in the posterior hymen are more specific for sexual abuse.
E. Horseback riding and masturbation does not cause hymenal injury.

15. The most important specimen to be taken for forensic medical examination in cases of drug-
facilitated sexual assault
A. Vaginal swab D. Pubic hair combing
B. Blood sample E. Urine sample
C. Saliva sample

16. The primary evidence in sexual abuse cases:

A. Investigation report D. Forensic evidence such as seminal stain
B. Medico-legal report E. Victim’s testimony
C. Psychological report

17. This doctrinal myth in rape proceeds from the erroneous premise that there is a standard
behavior that can be expected of women during a rape attack and that, in every case, when a
woman’s chastity is threatened she will exert every effort to protect it, whether by violent
resistance, escape attempts or screams for help.
A. “Filipina of decent repute” doctrine D. “Crime of lust or passion” doctrine
B. Doctrine of tenacious resistance E. “Normal conduct” doctrine
C. “Assault on chastity, honor or virtue” doctrine

18. The 1st doctrine in the three-fold principles followed by courts in evaluating evidence in rape
cases. Based on generalization that “unfounded charges of rape have frequently been proffered
by women actuated by some sinister, ulterior or undisclosed motive”
A. “Rape is easily fabricated” doctrine D. “Crime of lust or passion” doctrine
B. Doctrine of tenacious resistance E. “Normal conduct” doctrine
C. “Assault on chastity, honor or virtue” doctrine

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

19. Provisions included in the “Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998”, EXCEPT:
A. Services for victims of rape D. Rape shield clause
B. Duties of the police officer E. Evidentiary presumptions
C. Respect for Privacy & Confidentiality

20. The law on rape provides that “any physical overt act manifesting resistance against the act
of rape in any degree from the offended party, or where the offended party is so situated as to
render her/him incapable of giving valid consent, may be accepted as evidence in the prosecution
of the act.” This provision negates which of the following doctrinal myths on rape?
A.“Rape is easily fabricated” doctrine D. “Crime of lust or passion” doctrine
B.Doctrine of tenacious resistance E. “Normal conduct” doctrine
C.“Assault on chastity, honor or virtue” doctrine

21. Which of the following body parts can help determine the age of the victim at the time of
death whose remains are already skeletonized?
A. Skull D. Vertebra
B. Hip bones E. Teeth
C. Femur

22. Which is NOT a valid statement regarding postmortem lividity?

A. It may prove positively that death has occurred.
B. It indicates that death was due to violence.
C. It indicates the position of the body at the time of death.
D. Its color may suggest the cause of death.
E. It may determine how long a person has been dead.

23. The Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification states that

A.The more the number of body parts available, the better the identification of the person.
B.The greater the number of similarities of two persons compared, the greater the probability for
the conclusion to be correct.
C.The greater the dissimilarities of two persons compared, the greater the chance for a correct
conclusion.
D. The greater the number of points of similarities and dissimilarities of two persons compared,
the greater is the probability for the conclusion to be correct.
E. All of the above.

24. Scientific methods of human identification, EXCEPT:

A.Visual identification by relatives D. Dental identification
B.DNA analysis E. Fingerprints
C.Comparison of antemortem and postmortem x-rays

25. An external examination of a dead body without incision being made:

A.Forensic Autopsy D. Crime Scene Investigation
B.Exhumation E. Hospital Autopsy
C.Postmortem Examination

26. Provisional methods of identification, EXCEPT:

A. Through decedent’s clothing D. Through decedent’s jewelries
B. Fingerprint identification E. Identification based on scars or tattoos
C. Visual identification by relatives

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

27–32. State the manner of death of the following cases:

A. Natural D. Homicide
B. Suicide E. Therapeutic Complication
C. Accident F. Undetermined

B 27. Lola Magenta stabbed herself in the chest. She used a dull kitchen knife and could not
break the skin. She then picked up a hammer and struck herself two or three times on the head,
producing some minor contusions of the scalp. After two hours, she died of a heart attack.

A 28. A 45-year-old man argued with his son, but there was no physical contact between them
and no weapons were involved. During the argument, the father suddenly went limp and died of
heart attack. The heart showed heart disease or myocardial infarction.

A 29. Mr. X, a 60 year old male, had a heart attack while swimming and drowned.

B 30. Mr. Pototoy died of a gunshot wound on the head while playing Russian roulette.

D 31. Mrs. Kimmy, a young housewife, was bitten by her husband’s mistress, Miss Dora, during
an altercation. She was brought to the Baguio General Hospital and is rightly treated
with penicillin. She died a few hours later of anaphylaxis (allergic reaction) as a result
of the penicillin injection.

D 32. Mr. UB died of pneumonia and generalized infection. History revealed that he was shot 10
years ago at the back hitting the spinal cord and was bedridden since then.

33. A 70 year-old man with a medical history of heart disease (coronary atherosclerosis) is
beaten about the head and robbed. He is unconscious when admitted to the hospital. During his
hospital course over the next two weeks, he develops bronchopneumonia, generalized infection
and kidney failure and dies four days later. The underlying cause of death is:
A. Blunt trauma to the head D. Kidney failure
B. Bronchopneumonia E. Generalized infection
C. Heart disease

34. The temperature of death.

A. Rigor mortis D. Cadaveric spasm
B. Algor mortis E. Livor mortis
C. Instantaneous rigor

35. Immediately after hearing a loud shot coming from the bedroom, the parents after forcibly
opening the door, found their 25-year old son dead with a gunshot wound at the right temple and
with the butt of the fatal gun held tightly on the palm of the right hand. Such condition of the
hand is known as
A. Rigor mortis D. Cadaveric spasm
B. Algor mortis E. Livor mortis
C. Death stiffening

36. The most useful indicator of the time of death during the 1st 24 hours postmortem is
A. Rigor mortis D. Cadaveric spasm
B. Algor mortis E. Livor mortis
C. K+ level in vitreous

37. Rigor mortis usually appear

A. 1 to 2 hours after death D. 12 to 16 hours after death
B. 2 to 4 hours after death E. 24 to 36 hours after death
C. 6 to 12 hours after death

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General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

38. Which of the following statements is NOT valid?

A. The longer the postmortem interval, the less precise is the estimate of the time of death.
B. The determination of the time of death can eliminate suspects.
C. The estimation of the time of death is an exact science.
D. Rigor mortis is not the most reliable of methods to determine the time of death.
E. The examination of food in the stomach is one of the parameters to determine the time of
death.

39. The distinction between rigor mortis and cadaveric spasm are the following, EXCEPT:
A. Rigor mortis appears 2 to 4 hrs after death; cadaveric spasm appears immediately.
B. Rigor mortis and cadaveric spasm involve all muscles of the body.
C. Rigor mortis is a natural phenomena occurring after death; cadaveric spasm may or may not
appear.
D. Rigor mortis determines the time of death; cadaveric spasm may be useful to determine the
nature of death.
E. Rigor mortis occurs after death due to disappearance of ATP; cadaveric spasm is due to
extreme nervous tension or exhaustion of the nervous system.

40. Its depletion or disappearance causes rigidity in the muscle groups after death.
A. Lactic acid D. Hemoglobin
B. Adenosine diphosphate E. Oxygen
C. Adenosine triphosphate

41. The “employee of the year” is rewarded with a close-in parking space, but this space is very
slippery in rainy season, and she falls after getting out of her car. She scrapes her arm on the
pavement. She goes to the employee clinic, where the physician’s assistant in charge observes
only a superficial epidermal injury in which the skin is not completely broken. The injury to the
arm is best termed a (an):
A. Abrasion D. Incised wound
B. Laceration E. Contusion
C. Penetrating wound

42. The crime of slight physical injury is committed when the victim is incapacitated or requires
medical attendance for a period of
A. Less than 9 days D. From 20 to 30 days
B. From 9 to 20 days E. More than 30 days
C. From 10 to 30 days

43. The following injuries are classified as sharp force trauma, EXCEPT:
A. Stab wound D. Incision
B. Puncture wound E. Lacerated wound
C. Hacked wound

44. Characteristics of self-inflicted injuries, EXCEPT:

A. Accessible target sites D. One or two potentially lethal
B. Inflicted through clothes E. Closely grouped and same direction
C. Associated with tentative wounds

45. A person inflicted slight physical injuries on a neighbor. Twenty-four hours later, the injured
neighbor died of a heart failure. The offender can be held liable for:
A. Slight physical injuries D. Homicide as a result of aberratio ictus
B. Less serious physical injuries E. Homicide as a result of praeter
intentionem
C. Serious physical injuries

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

46. Which of the following type of wounds can be dated by color change?
A. Lacerated wound D. Incision
B. Contusion E. Stab wound
C. Abrasion

47. Patterned injuries when found on the body of a victim of violence implies:
A. Injuries inflicted by a member of a certain criminal gang
B. Seasonal or regional variation of inflicting violence
C. The nature and character of the injury reflects the nature and character of the wounding
instrument
D. Consistent with vertical force and are common over the zygoma and the side of the nose and
eyes when someone falls
E. The tendency for some types of wound to be present on certain areas of the body

48. What type of object would you expect to have been found at the scene of death of a female
with the following description of a wound by the medico-legal officer: "The incised wound of
the neck is gaping and exposes the larynx and cervical vertebral column. It measures 5 cm in
length and is found at the level of the superior border of the larynx":
A. Rifle D. Large brick
B. Faulty electrical device E. Knife
C. Shovel

49. Trivial injuries medically, but may be the most important injuries forensically:
A. Abrasion D. Incision
B. Stab wound E. Bruises
C. Laceration

50. Blunt force injuries, EXCEPT:

A. Petechiae D. Chop wound
B. Graze E. Hematoma
C. Lacerated wound

51. Seat belt injuries on the chest following a vehicular accident:

A. Imprint abrasion D. Graze
B. Friction abrasion E. Ecchymosis
C. Scratch

52. Bruise at a site not corresponding with the impact site

A. Petechiae D. Postmortem bruise
B. Delayed bruise E. Ectopic bruise
C. Graze

53. Penetrating injuries, EXCEPT:

A. Gunshot wound D. Puncture wound
B. Incised wound E. Chop wound
C. Stab wound

54. A superficial injury due to blunt force trauma and not involving the full thickness of the skin;
it always occurs at the site of impact:
A. Stab wound D. Abrasion
B. Incision E. Contusion
C. Laceration

55. A pattern of injuries sustained by taking protective action against anticipated trauma and
indicates that the victim was conscious and not completely surprised by the attack:
A. Hesitation wounds D. Patterned wounds
B. Wrinkle wounds E. Iatrogenic wounds
C. Defense wounds
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General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

56. Which of the following statements regarding contusion is NOT valid?

A. Contusion is uncommon in suicides
B. Estimating injury age by the color of contusion is not scientific
C. A contusion can be produced on a newly dead body
D. Advanced decomposition and livor mortis can produce lesions distinguishable from
contusions
E. The site of bruising or contusion always reflect site of trauma

57. Which of the following statements regarding deaths due to injuries is INCORRECT:
A. The weapon used in a suicide can usually be found at the scene
B. Multiple gunshot entrance wounds tend to exclude suicide
C. Deaths from accidental stab wounds are rare
D. Assault injuries are closely grouped, parallel and same direction
E. A multiplicity of injuries is usually indicative of homicide

58. Any person who shall wound, beat or assault another and cause the victim illness or
incapacity for labor for a period of more than 30 days is guilty of the crime of:
A. Mutilation C. Less serious physical injury
B. Serious physical injury D. Slight physical injury

59. Minor or trivial injuries are usually ignored by an ordinary physician but to a medico-legal
officer these bodily injuries even if they are small or minor must be recorded because:
A. These injuries may be proofs to qualify the crime
B. These injuries may be proofs to justify the act
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

60. The type of injury that is most typically inflicted by a sharp knife is known as a(an):
A. Contusion D. Laceration
B. Incision E. Punctured wound
C. Abrasion

61. Which of the following is a characteristic of a gunshot wound of exit?

A. Contusion collar D. Wound larger than the entrance
B. Tattooing or smudging E. Edges of the wound are inverted
C. Well-defined shape

62. Gunshot residue analysis is performed on the hand of the suspect/assailant in a shooting
incident to determine:
A. Distance of the firearm from the victim
B. How many times the suspect fired the gun
C. Distinguish an entrance from an exit gunshot wound
D. Power, make and caliber of the gun
E. Possibility that the suspect fired the gun

63. A single, round 9 mm penetrating wound on the forehead extends into the cranial cavity. On
the skin surface surrounding this wound is a 6 cm diameter area with gray-black powder
tattooing. This appearance is most typical for a (an):
A. Angled-contact gunshot wound D. Intermediate-range wound
B. Incomplete-contact wound E. Distant wound
C. Near-contact wound

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

64. The best consideration in determining the relative position of the victim in relation to the
assailant in a shooting incident is:
A. Width of the contusion collar
B. Concentration of smudging or tattooing
C. Presence or absence of the gunshot wound point of exit
D. Muzzle imprint
E. Diameter of the gunshot wound point of entry

65. The deposition of high-velocity blood droplets on the back of the hand used to fire a handgun
in cases of suicide is known as
A. Bullet wipe D. Bullet ricochet
B. Shoring E. Slam-fire
C. Back spatter

66. When we speak of caliber of a firearm, we are speaking of:

A. Power of the arm cartridge D. Diameter of the shell
B. Power of the gun E. Diameter of the muzzle of the firearm
C. Diameter of the bullet

67. Which statement is NOT valid?

A. More males commit suicide than females
B. The incidence of suicide peaks in the young adult age group
C. The right temple is particularly preferred more than the left by suicide victims
D. Most people who commit suicide with a firearm leave behind a suicide note
E. 23% of suicide victims attempted suicide prior to the final act

68. True of powder tattooing, EXCEPT:

A.Reddish-brown to orange-red punctate lesions surrounding the entrance of intermediate-range
gunshot wounds
B.An antemortem phenomenon
C.Cannot be wiped away
D.Not present in the intermediate range gunshot wound of the palms or soles of the feet
E.Also known as "powder burns"

69. In an Agatha Christie mystery, the plot centers around a homicide that is made to look like a
suicide. Though the famous Belgian detective Hercule Poirot eventually solves this mystery, the
manner of death should have been obvious by inspection of the deceased's body, because he was
alleged to have put the gun to his head and fired. What clue would suggest homicide:
A. The entrance wound on the left temple showed irregular lacerations
B. Presence of muzzle imprint around the entrance wound
C. The victim had no sooting of his hand, nor gunshot residue in the entrance wound
D. No exit wound could be found anywhere on the victim's body
E. The only weapon at the scene was a .38 caliber revolver, and a single bullet had been fired

70. Suicides in which multiple gunshot wounds are present are uncommon, but not rare. The
following account for such multiple wounds, EXCEPT:
A. Defective ammunition D. Ammunition of the wrong caliber
B. Knowledge of human anatomy E. Missing a vital organ
C. Flinching at the time the trigger is pulled

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
General Luna Road, Baguio City Philippines 2600

Telefax No.: (074) 442-3071 Website: www.ubaguio.edu E-mail Address: ub@ubaguio.edu

71. In firearm deaths, the individual may attempt to make the suicide appear to be an accident. In
the "gun cleaning accident" scenario, the victim is found dead with a gun cleaning equipment
neatly laid out beside them. Which of the following will provide a clue that one is dealing with a
suicide and not an accident?
A. The bullet does not make an exit D. Presence of the muzzle imprint
B. Presence of the contusion collar E. Bullet passes completely through the body
C. Absence of soot, smudging or tattooing in the entrance wound

72. The identification of firearm or forensic ballistics is important in firearm injuries since it
helps in the:
A. Differentiation between entrance and exit gunshot wounds
B. Determination of the relative position of the victim to the assailant
C. Determination of the distance fired
D. Identification of the weapon used
E. Determination of the bullet trajectory

73. The abrasion ring or contusion collar at the gunshot wound entrance is caused by:
A. Heat of the bullet as it penetrates the skin
B. The spinning effect of the movement of the bullet
C. The destructive effect of the muzzle blast
D. The pressure and rubbing of depressed skin with the rough surface of the bullet
E. The bullet's rotational motion as it goes through the skin

74. A group of teenagers may agree to load a revolver with a live cartridge and each of them by
turn will cock and pull the trigger with the gun muzzle pressed or directed to the temple or other
parts of the body. Such agreement is commonly called
A. Suicide pact D. Russian roulette
B. Shoring E. Thriller's paradise
C. Bullet wipe

75. Type of gunshot wound wherein the bullet passes completely through the object:
A. Penetrating gunshot wound D. Tangential gunshot wound
B. Perforating gunshot wound E. Shored gunshot wound
C. Superficial penetrating gunshot wound

76. These markings are the sine qua non of intermediate–range gunshot wounds:
A. Stippling D. Powder tattooing
B. Contusion collar E. Shoring
C. Muzzle imprint

77. Shallow through–and–through gunshot wounds in which the entrance and exit are close
together:
A. Penetrating gunshot wound D. Tangential gunshot wound
B. Perforating gunshot wound E. Grazed gunshot wound
C. Superficial perforating gunshot wound

78. Most common self-inflicted gunshot wound

A. Contact gunshot wound D. Distant wound
B. Long-range wound E. Intermediate-range wound
C. Near-contact wound

79. Type of gunshot wound wherein the injury extends down to the subcutaneous tissue and the
skin is torn or lacerated by bullet:
A. Grazed gunshot wound D. Re-entry gunshot wound
B. Superficial perforating gunshot wound E. Tangential gunshot wound
C. Gutter gunshot wound

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80. Which of the following is a significant factor in determining whether or not a gun would stay
in the hand of the victim who shot himself?
A. Location of the wound D. Caliber of the gun
B. Sex of the decedent E. Range of fire
C. Position of the victim at the time of shooting

81. The following statements are true regarding sexual asphyxia, EXCEPT:
A. Deaths attributed to solo sex activities D. This pattern of behavior is repetitive
B. Evidence of apparent suicidal intent E. Presence of sexual fantasy aids at the scene
C. Victims are usually male wearing female clothing

82. Accidental death of young children by suffocation either from pressure of the beddings and
pillows or from the pressure of the unconscious or drunk mother is called
A.Battering D. Overlaying
B.Throttling E. Mugging
C.Burking

83. The following statements are true regarding Deaths by Asphyxia, EXCEPT:
A.Characterized by inadequate oxygenation of tissue
B.Mechanical interference with breathing leads to reduced or lack of oxygen
C.The mechanism of death is complex
D.Specific pathological findings during autopsy
E.Compression of carotid arteries can lead to obstruction of blood supply to the brain

84. A child while eating toasted peanuts was suddenly frightened and an unmasticated seed went
into the airway and the child died. Death is due to
A. Asphyxia by overlaying D. Asphyxia by mugging
B. Asphyxia by smothering E. Asphyxia by throttling
C. Asphyxia by choking

85. External mechanical obstruction to breathing

A. Smothering D. Garrotting
B. Choking E. Mugging
C. Throttling

86. The following statements are true regarding Positional Asphyxia, EXCEPT:
A. There are no injuries during autopsy
B. Cause of death due to underlying heart disease
C. It is a variation of environmental suffocation
D. Trapped in a hog-tie and face-down position such that the victim cannot breathe
E. There is “restraint asphyxiation” by the police during arrest

87. The following statements are true regarding Hanging, EXCEPT:

A. Manner of death mainly suicide
B. Self-suspension by standing or lying is not possible
C. Homicidal hanging is extremely rare
D. Accidental hanging occurs in children playing “hangings”
E. There is presence of pornographic materials and evidence of solo sex activities in autoerotic
hanging

88. Covering both nostrils and mouth with a pillow may cause death due to
A. Traumatic asphyxia D. Asphyxia by strangulation
B. Asphyxia by choking E. Asphyxia by suffocation
C. Asphyxia by smothering

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89. True statements regarding Environmental Suffocation, EXCEPT:

A. Toxicological analysis has no value
B. No specific autopsy findings
C. Presence of petechiae during examination of the body
D. Low or no atmospheric oxygen as mechanism of death
E. Examples are deaths inside a well or vacuum, or child in a refrigerator

90. Cause of death in crowd collapse like the Wowowee stampede in Ultra:
A. Environmental suffocation D. Pressing
B. Positional asphyxia E. Traumatic asphyxia
C. Smothering

91. Stereotyped thinking about the nature and roles of women and men; it also refers to the
society’s perception of the “worth” of women and men by distinguishing, for example, women’s
work from men’s work :
A. Gender D. Gender Bias
B. Gender Manifestation E. Social Constructs
C. Gender Roles

92. Any act of gender-based violence that results or is likely to result, in physical, sexual or
psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary
deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life:
A. Sexual harassment D. Violence against women
B. Rape E. Incest
C. Domestic violence

93. The victimization of a person in the form of physical, emotional, sexual and psychological
abuse, with whom the abuser has had an intimate relationship, generally repeated, and often
escalates within relationships.
A. Domestic violence D. Violence against women
B. Family violence E. Incest
C. Child abuse

94. Phase one of the cycle of domestic violence characterized by verbal abuse and hostility, with
systemic erosion of the victim's self -esteem.
A. Honeymoon phase D. Remorse phase
B. Violent phase E. Pursuit phase
C. Tension-building phase

95. Mr. Santos boxed his pregnant wife in the stomach which caused her to fall, and then
strangled her to death. He is guilty of the crime of
A. Parricide D. Parricide with intentional abortion
B. Abortion E. Parricide with unintentional abortion
C. Homicide

96. The Barangay Protection Order is effective for:

A. 7 days D. 45 days
B. 15 days E. 60 days
C. 30 days

97. Under the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and Philippine Law, a child is any
human being below the age of:
A. 21 years D. 12 years
B. 18 years E. 7 years
C. 15 years

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 SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
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98. The right of couples to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their
children, and the right to have sexual and reproductive security, including freedom from sexual
violence and coercion, and the right to choose and make decisions for themselves in accordance
with their religious and cultural beliefs:
A. Reproductive Rights D. Child Rights
B. Human Rights E. Couple’s Rights
C. Women’s Rights

99. The State has ordained this law to safeguard the rights of children featured in the scene of
domestic violence
A. Republic Act 8505 D. RA 9344
B. RA 9262 E. RA 8551
C. RA 8353

100. The Temporary Protection Order is effective for:

A. 7 days D. 45 days
B. 15 days E. 60 days
C.30 days

101. Factors which influence women from leaving a violent relationship.

A. Lack of legal protection D. Lack of support systems
B. Lack of financial resources E. All of the above
C. Fear

102. Myths and misconceptions about domestic violence EXCEPT:

A. Women provoke the violence from their partners by nagging and being demanding.
B. Batterers are abusive because of alcohol and drugs.
C. Wife batterers are kind and gentle to other people while being violent to their partners.
D. Battered women are always from lower socioeconomic groups.
E. Domestic violence is a private family issue.

103. The most endemic or common form of violence against women:

A. Sexual harassment D. Rape
B. Domestic violence E. Incest
C. Child abuse

104. The following are liable under the Anti-VAWC Law, EXCEPT:
A. The woman’s ex-husband D. The woman’s casual acquaintance
B. The woman’s lesbian partner E. The woman’s boyfriend
C. A person with whom the woman had a sexual relationship

105. Victims of wife battering are entitled to take a paid leave of absence of up to:
A. 5 days D. 15 days
B. 7 days E. 30 days
C. 10 days

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