CHANCE

Chance

T
P OR
PASS

ǁǁǁ͘ŵĂƚŚůĞƟĐƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ĂƵ
 How does it work? Chance

Language of chance

tŽƌĚƐĂƌĞƵƐĞĚŶĞĂƌůLJĞǀĞƌLJĚĂLJƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨĂŶĞǀĞŶƚŽĐĐƵƌƌŝŶŐ͘

ͻ dŚĞeventŝƐǁŚĂƚǁĞĂƌĞŽďƐĞƌǀŝŶŐƚŽΖŚĂƉƉĞŶΖ

͞dŚĞǁĞĂƚŚĞƌƌĞƉŽƌƚƐĂLJƐŝƚŝƐmost likelyƚŽrainƐŽŵĞƟŵĞƚŽĚĂLJ͟

ŚĂŶĐĞĚĞƐĐƌŝƉƟŽŶ ǀĞŶƚ

dŚĞǁŽƌĚƐ͚most likely͛ŝŵƉůLJƚŚĂƚŝƚshould;ŽƌƚŚĞƌĞŝƐĂŐŽŽĚĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨͿƌĂŝŶ͘

,ĞƌĞĂƌĞƐŽŵĞǁŽƌĚƐƚŚĂƚĂƌĞŽŌĞŶƵƐĞĚƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽƌůŝŬĞůŝŚŽŽĚŽĨĞǀĞŶƚƐŚĂƉƉĞŶŝŶŐ͗

ŚŝŐŚůLJ ŚŝŐŚůLJ
ƵŶůŝŬĞůLJ ĞǀĞŶĐŚĂŶĐĞ ůŝŬĞůLJ
ƵŶůŝŬĞůLJ ůŝŬĞůLJ

ǀĞƌLJ ůĞƐƐƚŚĂŶ ŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶ ǀĞƌLJ

ŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ
ƵŶůŝŬĞůLJ ĞǀĞŶĐŚĂŶĐĞ ĞǀĞŶĐŚĂŶĐĞ ůŝŬĞůLJ

ĂŶŶĞǀĞƌ ^ĂŵĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨŚĂƉƉĞŶŝŶŐ tŝůůĂůǁĂLJƐ

ŚĂƉƉĞŶ ĂƐŶŽƚŚĂƉƉĞŶŝŶŐ ŚĂƉƉĞŶ

ŚĂŶĐĞĚĞĐƌĞĂƐĞƐ ŚĂŶĐĞŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞƐ

hƐĞƚŚĞǁŽƌĚƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĐŚĂƌƚƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐĞĞǀĞŶƚƐ

;ŝͿ ^ĞĞŝŶŐĂĨƵůůŵŽŽŶŽŶĂŶLJŐŝǀĞŶŶŝŐŚƚĚƵƌŝŶŐĂĐĂůĞŶĚĂƌLJĞĂƌ͍
ĨƵůůŵŽŽŶŽĐĐƵƌƐĂƉƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƚĞůLJ12ƟŵĞƐĂLJĞĂƌ͕ƚŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞhighly unlikelyĐŚĂŶĐĞ͘

;ŝŝͿ WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂƌĞĚŵĂƌďůĞĨƌŽŵĂďĂŐĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐ49ďůƵĞĂŶĚ51ƌĞĚŵĂƌďůĞƐ͘
dŚĞƌĞĂƌĞƐůŝŐŚƚůLJŵŽƌĞƌĞĚŵĂƌďůĞƐƚŚĂŶďůƵĞŵĂƌďůĞƐ͕ƚŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞmore than even chance.

;ŝŝŝͿ ƚůĞĂƐƚŽŶĞƐƚƵĚĞŶƚŝŶĂŶĞŶƟƌĞƐĐŚŽŽůďůŝŶŬŝŶŐƚŚĞŝƌĞLJĞƐŝŶƚŚĞŶĞdžƚŚŽƵƌ͘
hŶůĞƐƐĞǀĞƌLJƐƚƵĚĞŶƚŝŶƚŚĞƐĐŚŽŽůĐĂŶƐƚĂƌĞĨŽƌǀĞƌLJůŽŶŐƉĞƌŝŽĚƐ͕ƚŚŝƐŝƐĂcertainĐŚĂŶĐĞ͘

;ŝǀͿ ZŽůůŝŶŐĂŶŽƌŵĂůƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞĂŶĚŐĞƫŶŐĂŶĞǀĞŶŶƵŵďĞƌ͘
dŚĞƌĞĂƌĞƚŚƌĞĞĞǀĞŶĂŶĚƚŚƌĞĞŽĚĚŶƵŵďĞƌƐŽŶĂŶŽƌŵĂůĚŝĞ͕ƚŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞƚŚĞƌĞŝƐĂŶ
even chance.

2 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
How does it work? Your Turn Chance

Language of chance
1 tƌŝƚĞĚŽǁŶƚŚĞǁŽƌĚƐƚŚĂƚďĞƐƚĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞŶŽƌŵĂůĞǀĞƌLJĚĂLJĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐĞĞǀĞŶƚƐŚĂƉƉĞŶŝŶŐ͗

a ^ĞĞŝŶŐĂƉŝŶŬĂŶĚLJĞůůŽǁĐĂƌŽŶƚŚĞƌŽĂĚ͘

b WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂŐƌĞĞŶƉŝĞĐĞŽĨĐĂŶĚLJĨƌŽŵĂďĂŐŽĨĂůůLJĞůůŽǁĐĂŶĚLJ͘

c tŝŶŶŝŶŐƚŚĞůŽƩĞƌLJ͘

d ^ĂLJŝŶŐƚŚĞĂůƉŚĂďĞƚďĂĐŬǁĂƌĚƐŝŶůĞƐƐƚŚĂŶ5ƐĞĐŽŶĚƐ͘

e EŽƚƉŝĐŬŝŶŐƚŚĞĐŽƌƌĞĐƚĐƵƉŽƵƚŽĨƚŚƌĞĞŚŝĚŝŶŐĂƐŵĂůůďĂůů͘

f DĂŬŝŶŐĂŶĞƌƌŽƌǁŚĞŶƌƵƐŚŝŶŐƚŚƌŽƵŐŚLJŽƵƌǁŽƌŬ͘

g WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂŐŝƌůƌĂŶĚŽŵůLJŽƵƚŽĨĂŐƌŽƵƉŽĨ10ŐŝƌůƐĂŶĚ10ďŽLJƐ͘

h ƵŵƉŝŶŐŝŶƚŽƐŽŵĞƚŚŝŶŐǁĂůŬŝŶŐĂƌŽƵŶĚLJŽƵƌŚŽŵĞŝŶƚŚĞĚĂƌŬ͘

i dŚĞ^ƵŶƌŝƐŝŶŐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĂƐƚ͘

j tŝŶŶŝŶŐĂƌĂŋĞŝŶǁŚŝĐŚLJŽƵďƵLJĂůůďƵƚŽŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƟĐŬĞƚƐ͘

k ĂƚĐŚŝŶŐĂŶŽƌĂŶŐĞĮƐŚĨƌŽŵĂƚĂŶŬŽĨ8ǁŚŝƚĞĂŶĚ7ŽƌĂŶŐĞĮƐŚ͘

l KƉĞŶŝŶŐĂŬƚŽĂŶŽĚĚŶƵŵďĞƌĞĚƉĂŐĞĂƚƌĂŶĚŽŵ͘

m ŶĂĚǀĞŶƚƵƌĞƌĮŶĚƐŝĐĞĂƚƚŚĞ^ŽƵƚŚWŽůĞ͘

n ZŽůůŝŶŐ ŽŶĂŶŽƌŵĂůƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞ͘

o tŝŶŶŝŶŐĂƚĞĂŵŐĂŵĞǁŚĞŶLJŽƵƌŽƉƉŽŶĞŶƚŚĂƐŽŶĞůĞƐƐƉůĂLJĞƌ͘

p EŽƚďĞĂƟŶŐĂǁŽƌůĚƌĞĐŽƌĚĂƚĂƐĐŚŽŽůƐƉŽƌƚƐĐĂƌŶŝǀĂů͘

Chance H 8 3
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Chance

Sample space

tŚĞŶǁĞƌĂŶĚŽŵůLJƉŝĐŬƐŽŵĞƚŚŝŶŐĨƌŽŵĂŐƌŽƵƉŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐ͕ǁĞĂƌĞƚĂŬŝŶŐĂƐŵĂůůƉĂƌƚ;ŽƌƐĂŵƉůĞͿ͘

ůŝƐƚŽĨĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ;ƌĞƐƵůƚƐͿĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŐƌŽƵƉŽĨŽďũĞĐƚƐŝƐĐĂůůĞĚƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞ͘

,ĞƌĞĂƚĞŶŶŝƐďĂůů͕ĨŽŽƚďĂůů͕ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶĨŽŽƚďĂůů͕ďĂƐŬĞƚďĂůůĂŶĚĂǀŽůůĞLJďĂůůĂƌĞďĞŝŶŐũƵŐŐůĞĚ͘

/ĨƚŚĞũƵŐŐůĞƌĚƌŽƉƐŽŶĞ͕ǁŚŝĐŚďĂůů;ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞͿĐŽƵůĚŝƚďĞ͍
dŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌĂůůŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ=΂ƚĞŶŶŝƐďĂůů͕ĨŽŽƚďĂůů͕ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶĨŽŽƚďĂůů͕ďĂƐŬĞƚďĂůů͕ǀŽůůĞLJďĂůů΃

^ĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĞĂĐŚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞďLJĂĐŽŵŵĂŝŶƐŝĚĞĐƵƌůLJďƌĂĐŬĞƚƐ

,ĞƌĞĂƌĞƐŽŵĞŵŽƌĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĞdžĂŵƉůĞƐƌĞůĂƟŶŐƚŽƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ

;ŝͿ ďĂŐĐŽŶƚĂŝŶƐƉŽƐŝƟǀĞŝŶƚĞŐĞƌƐůĞƐƐƚŚĂŶ10͘>ŝƐƚƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞǁŚĞŶŽŶĞŶƵŵďĞƌŝƐ
ƉŝĐŬĞĚĂƚƌĂŶĚŽŵ͘
dŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐS = {1͕ 2͕ 3͕ 4͕ 5͕ 6͕ 7͕ 8͕ 9}

;ŝŝͿ >ŝƐƚƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞŽĨƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐǁŚĞŶƚŚŝƐƐƉŝŶŶĞƌŝƐƐƉƵŶŽŶĐĞ͘

dŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞŽĨƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐS = { ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ }

tƌŝƚĞƚŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƚǁŝĐĞŝĨƌĞƉĞĂƚĞĚ

;ŝŝŝͿ tŚĂƚŝƐƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞŽĨƚŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐǁŚĞŶƚǁŽĐŽŝŶƐĂƌĞƚŽƐƐĞĚ͍
&ŽƌƚǁŽĞǀĞŶƚƐĂƚƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƟŵĞ;ŝ͘Ğ͘ƚŽƐƐŝŶŐƚǁŽĐŽŝŶƐͿ͕ƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞŝƐĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞƉĂŝƌŝŶŐƐ͘
ƐŝŵƉůĞƚǁŽͲǁĂLJƚĂďůĞĐĂŶďĞƵƐĞĚƚŽŚĞůƉĞŶƐƵƌĞLJŽƵŐĞƚƚŚĞŵĂůů͘

Coin 2 `dŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŽĨƚǁŽƚŽƐƐĞĚĐŽŝŶƐ
,ĞĂĚ(,) dĂŝů(d )
S = {(,ĞĂĚ͕ ,ĞĂĚ)͕ (,ĞĂĚ͕dĂŝů)͕ (dĂŝů͕,ĞĂĚ)͕ (dĂŝů͕dĂŝů)}
,ĞĂĚ (,͕ ,) (,͕ d )
(,)
Coin 1

S = {(,͕,)͕ (,͕d)͕ (d͕,)͕ (d͕d)}

dĂŝů (d͕ ,) (d͕ d )
(d )

Chance H 8 5
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Chance
CE * SA M
PA P

LE
Sample space

SAMPLE

SPACE
1 tƌŝƚĞĚŽǁŶƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĨŽƌĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞ͗
./
. 20....

*
.

*
.
CE ...../.
SA
a dŽƐƐŝŶŐĂĐŽŝŶ b &ůŝĐŬŝŶŐĂůŝŐŚƚƐǁŝƚĐŚ E SP A
MP L

S= S=

c ^ƉŝŶŶŝŶŐƚŚŝƐƐƉŝŶŶĞƌ d ZŽůůŝŶŐĂŶŽƌŵĂůƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĐĞ

S= S=
4
1 2

e DŽǀŝŶŐƚŚŝƐĐĂƌŐĞĂƌƐƟĐŬ f WƌĞƐƐŝŶŐĂŬĞLJĨƌŽŵƚŚŝƐƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚďƵƩŽŶŬĞLJƉĂĚ͘

S= S=

g ŚŽŽƐŝŶŐĂůĞƩĞƌĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁŽƌĚ͚DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͛͘

S=

h ďĂŐĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƚŚĞůĞƩĞƌďůŽĐŬƐŝŶƚŚĞƋƵĂŶƟƟĞƐƐŚŽǁŶŚĞƌĞ͗

#2 #4 #3 #1

S=

i dŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƉŝŶƐLJŽƵĐĂŶŬŶŽĐŬͲŽǀĞƌŝŶŽŶĞƚƵƌŶĚƵƌŝŶŐĂŐĂŵĞŽĨ10ͲƉŝŶďŽǁůŝŶŐ͘
WƐƐƚ͗LJŽƵŵŝŐŚƚŶŽƚŬŶŽĐŬŽǀĞƌĂŶLJƉŝŶƐ͊

S=

j dŚĞƉŽŝŶƚƐĐŽƌĞƐƉŽƐƐŝďůĞǁŝƚŚĞĂĐŚĚĂƌƚƚŚƌŽǁŶĂƚƚŚŝƐĚĂƌƚďŽĂƌĚ͘
10 5
15 20
5 20 **** 15
10 S=
***
***

****
15 20
10 20 15
5
5 10

6 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
How does it work? Your Turn Chance

Sample space
2 ŽŵƉůĞƚĞƚŚĞƚǁŽͲǁĂLJƚĂďůĞƐĂŶĚƵƐĞƚŚĞŵƚŽǁƌŝƚĞƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘

a &ůŝĐŬŝŶŐƚǁŽůŝŐŚƚƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ͘ b dŽƐƐŝŶŐĂĐŽŝŶĂŶĚƌŽůůŝŶŐĂĨŽƵƌͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞ͘

Switch 2 4 sided die

KŶ Kī 1 2 3 4
Switch

KŶ ,ĞĂĚ;,Ϳ

Coin
1

Kī dĂŝů;dͿ

S= S=

c ^ŝdžĨƌŝĞŶĚƐůŽŐŐĞĚŽŶƚŽĂƐŽĐŝĂůǁĞďƐŝƚĞƚŽĐŚĂƚ͘

Friends
ƌŝ;Ϳ ŽĐŽ;Ϳ YŝĂŶ;YͿ :ĞĞhŶ;:Ϳ ^ƚĞǀĞ;^Ϳ &ĂŚŝŵ;&Ϳ
Logged

zĞƐ;zͿ
on

EŽ;EͿ

S=

d dǁŽƉĞŽƉůĞƉůĂLJŝŶŐ^ĐŝƐƐŽƌƐ͕WĂƉĞƌ͕ZŽĐŬ͘

Player 2
^ĐŝƐƐŽƌƐ;^Ϳ WĂƉĞƌ;WͿ ZŽĐŬ;ZͿ
^ĐŝƐƐŽƌƐ;^Ϳ
Player 1

WĂƉĞƌ;WͿ
ZŽĐŬ;ZͿ

S=

Chance H 8 7
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Chance

Sample space
e dŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌĂŶĚƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞƉŝĐƚƵƌĞĚƵƐĞĚƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ͗
Spinner
1 2 3
1
2
3
Die

4
5
6

S=

3 ,ĞƌĞŝƐLJŽƵƌĮƌƐƚĐŚĂŶĐĞƚŽĞĂƌŶĂŶĂǁĞƐŽŵĞƉĂƐƐƉŽƌƚƐƚĂŵƉ͘
zŽƵŚĞĂƌƐŽŵĞŽŶĞƐĂLJ͗
͞/ĚŽŶŽƚŚĂǀĞĂƚǁĞůǀĞͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞ͕ďƵƚ/ĚŽŚĂǀĞƚǁŽƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĐĞ
ǁŚŝĐŚǁĞĐŽƵůĚũƵƐƚĂĚĚƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ͕ǁŚŝĐŚŝƐƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƚŚŝŶŐ͘͟
...../.
..../2
= ͍ 0....

hƐĞLJŽƵƌƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐŽĨƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌďŽƚŚŽƉƟŽŶƐƚŽĞdžƉůĂŝŶǁŚLJLJŽƵĂŐƌĞĞŽƌĚŝƐĂŐƌĞĞǁŝƚŚ
ƚŚŝƐƐƚĂƚĞŵĞŶƚ͘^ŚŽǁĂůůLJŽƵƌǁŽƌŬŝŶŐƚŽďĂĐŬƵƉLJŽƵƌĞdžƉůĂŶĂƟŽŶ͘

8 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
 How does it work? Chance

Equally likely outcomes

KƵƚĐŽŵĞƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƐĂŵĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨŽĐĐƵƌŝŶŐĂƐĞĂĐŚŽƚŚĞƌĂƌĞĐĂůůĞĚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘

&ŽƌƚŚĞƐĞƚǁŽƐƉŝŶŶĞƌƐ͕ƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞŽĨƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŝƐĞdžĂĐƚůLJƚŚĞƐĂŵĞ͘

S={ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ }

ůůƐĞŐŵĞŶƚƐĂƌĞƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƐŝnjĞ͘ ůůƐĞŐŵĞŶƚƐŚĂǀĞĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƐŝnjĞƐ
`dŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŚĞƌĞĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘ `dŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŚĞƌĞĂƌĞŶŽƚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘

^ĂLJǁŚĞƚŚĞƌŽƌŶŽƚƚŚĞƐĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐŚĂǀĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ

;ŝͿ ZŽůůŝŶŐĂƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐǀĂůƵĞƐŽŶĞĂĐŚƐŝĚĞ͗

S = {1͕ 1͕ 2͕ 2͕ 3͕ 4}

dŚĞƌĞĂƌĞŵŽƌĞĐŚĂŶĐĞƐĨŽƌĂŶŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŽĨ1Žƌ2͕ƐŽĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞŶŽƚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘

;ŝŝͿ KƉĞŶŝŶŐĂƚǁĞŶƚLJƉĂŐĞŶĞǁƐƉĂƉĞƌƚŽĂŶĞǀĞŶŶƵŵďĞƌĞĚƉĂŐĞ͘

S= {1͕ 2͕3͕4͕ 5͕ 6͕7͕8͕9͕10͕ 11͕ 12͕ 13͕ 14͕ 15͕ 16͕17͕ 18͕ 19͕ 20}

dŚĞƌĞŝƐĂŶĞƋƵĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨŽĚĚĂŶĚĞǀĞŶƉĂŐĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͕ƐŽƚŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘

^ŽŵĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐĐĂŶďĞ͚ƌŝŐŐĞĚ͛ƚŽĞŶƐƵƌĞĐĞƌƚĂŝŶŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘dŚŝƐŝƐĐĂůůĞĚďŝĂƐ͘
ŝĂƐĞĚĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐĚŽŶŽƚŚĂǀĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘
&ŽƌĞdžĂŵƉůĞ͗

ͻ dŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌĂďŽǀĞŽŶƚŚĞƌŝŐŚƚŝƐďŝĂƐĞĚƚŽŐŝǀĞĂƌĞƐƵůƚŽĨ Žƌ ĞĂĐŚƟŵĞ͘

ͻ ŶŽƌŵĂůƐŝdžͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞŝƐǁĞŝŐŚƚĞĚŽŶŽŶĞƐŝĚĞƚŽĨĂǀŽƵƌƚŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌ
6ŐĞƫŶŐƌŽůůĞĚĞĂĐŚƟŵĞ͘

Chance H 8 9
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Chance

Equally likely outcomes

1 WŽŝŶƚƐŝŶĚĂƌƚŐĂŵĞƐĚĞƉĞŶĚŽŶǁŚĂƚĂƌĞĂŽĨƚŚĞďŽĂƌĚĞĂĐŚĚĂƌƚůĂŶĚƐ͘>ĂďĞůĞĂĐŚďŽĂƌĚĂƐ
ŚĂǀŝŶŐƐĐŽƌĞƐƚŚĂƚĂƌĞ͚ĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͛Žƌ͚ŶŽƚƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͛ǁŝƚŚĞĂĐŚĚĂƌƚƚŚƌŽǁŶ͘
25
a 50 b c
75 10 25
30 20
100
75 15 40
50 35 5
25

d 30 40 e f
90 15 25 10
20 10
70 50

50
100
70 40 45 35 3 5 7 6 4 2 1
10 20
90

40 30 5 30 20

2 tƌŝƚĞĚŽǁŶƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĨŽƌĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞĞǀĞŶƚƐĂŶĚƐƚĂƚĞǁŚĞƚŚĞƌĞĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ
ĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJŽƌŶŽƚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘
a dŽƐƐŝŶŐĂŚĞĂĚŽƌĂƚĂŝůŽŶĂŶŽƌŵĂůĐŽŝŶ͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

b WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂĐŽůŽƵƌĞĚŵĂƌďůĞĨƌŽŵĂďĂŐĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƚŚƌĞĞďůĂĐŬĂŶĚƚǁŽŐƌĞĞŶŵĂƌďůĞƐ͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

c ƌĂŋĞŝŶǁŚŝĐŚĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƚĞŶƉĂƌƟĐŝƉĂŶƚƐŚĂǀĞŽŶĞƟĐŬĞƚŽŶůLJ͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

d WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂǀŽǁĞůŽƌĐŽŶƐŽŶĂŶƚĨƌŽŵĂďĂŐĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐĂůůƚŚĞůĞƩĞƌƐĨƌŽŵƚŽ:͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

e ,ŝƫŶŐĂŶŽĚĚŽƌĞǀĞŶŶƵŵďĞƌǁŚĞŶƚŚƌŽǁŝŶŐĂĚĂƌƚĂƚƚŚĞďŽĂƌĚŝŶYϭĞͿ͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

f ZŽůůŝŶŐĂŶŽĚĚŽƌĞǀĞŶŶƵŵďĞƌŽŶĂĨŽƵƌͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƚŚĞĮƌƐƚ4ƉŽƐŝƟǀĞƉĞƌĨĞĐƚĐƵďĞƐ͘
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

g ZŽůůŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐĞŝŐŚƚͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞ͗
S= ĂĐŚĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞŝƐ͗

10 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
How does it work? Your Turn Chance
* EQUALLY LIKELY

OUTCOMES
OUTCOMES
Equally likely outcomes
3 hƐĞƚŚĞŐŝǀĞŶƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞĂŶĚƌƵůĞƚŽĮůůŝŶĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞďůĂŶŬƐƉŝŶŶĞƌƐ͗ ...../...../20....
* EQUALLY LIKELY

a S = {1͕ 2͕ 3͕ 4} b S = {2͕ 4͕ 6͕ 8͕ 10}

ůůŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ ůůŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞŶŽƚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ

c S={ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ } d S = {'ƌĞĞŶ͕'ƌĞĞŶ͕ůƵĞ͕ůƵĞ͕ůĂĐŬ͕
ůĂĐŬ͕WŝŶŬ͕WŝŶŬ}
&ŽƵƌƐŝĚĞĚƐŚĂƉĞƐĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘ůů
ƚŚĞŽƚŚĞƌƐŚĂƉĞƐĂƌĞŶŽƚĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJ͘ ůůŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJƚŽŽĐĐƵƌ͘

e S = { ͕ ͕ ͕ 1͕ 2}
dŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌŝƐďŝĂƐĞĚƐŽƚŚĞĐŝƌĐůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ
ŝƐƚǁŝĐĞĂƐůŝŬĞůLJĂƐƚŚĞŽƚŚĞƌĨŽƵƌ͕ĞƋƵĂůůLJ
ůŝŬĞůLJŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘
WƐƐƚ͊͗ƚŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌŚĂƐĂůƌĞĂĚLJďĞĞŶĚŝǀŝĚĞĚƵƉŝŶĂ
ǁĂLJƚŽŚĞůƉLJŽƵǁŝƚŚƚŚŝƐŽŶĞ͘
f S = {1͕ 2͕ 3}
dŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌŝƐďŝĂƐĞĚƐŽƚŚĂƚĞĂĐŚŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ
ŚĂƐĚŽƵďůĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨďĞŝŶŐƐƉƵŶƚŚĂŶ
ƚŚĞƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐŽŶĞ͘
WƐƐƚ͊͗/ĨƚŚĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞϭŚĂƐŽŶĞĐŚĂŶĐĞ͕ƚŚĞŶƚŚĞ
ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞϮŚĂƐƚǁŽĐŚĂŶĐĞƐĞƚĐ͊

Chance H 8 11
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Chance

Chance experiments

ŚĂŶĐĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐ;ĐĂůůĞĚƚƌŝĂůƐͿŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞŚŽǁŽŌĞŶĞǀĞŶƚƐŽĐĐƵƌƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚĞƐƟŶŐĂŶĚŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ͘

dŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŝƐƚŚĞǀĂůƵĞǁĞŐĞƚǁŚĞŶƚŚĞĞǀĞŶƚǁĞĂƌĞůŽŽŬŝŶŐĨŽƌ;ĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞͿŝƐ
ĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽƚŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƚƌŝĂůƐ͘
EƵŵďĞƌŽĨƟŵĞƐŝƚŚĂƉƉĞŶƐ

The frequency of the event (E)

Experimental probability of an event (E) =
The number of trials completed
dŚĞŵŽƌĞƟŵĞƐĞĂĐŚƚƌŝĂůŝƐƌĞƉĞĂƚĞĚ͕ƚŚĞŵŽƌĞĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJǀĂůƵĞǁŝůůďĞ͘

,ĞƌĞŝƐŽŶĞǁĂLJƌĞƉĞĂƚĞĚƚƌŝĂůƐĐĂŶďĞƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚƚŽĂƉƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƚĞƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ͘

ZĞĐŽƌĚĞĂĐŚƌĞƐƵůƚƵƐŝŶŐƚŚĞƚƌŝĂŶŐůĞƚŽƐĞĞƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨŐĞƫŶŐƚŚĞĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ

dǁŽĚŝĐĞǁĞƌĞƌŽůůĞĚ25ƟŵĞƐƚŽƐĞĞŚŽǁŽŌĞŶƚŚĞŝƌƐƵŵǁĂƐĂŵƵůƟƉůĞŽĨƚŚƌĞĞ͘dŚĞĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞ
ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŝŶƚŚĞƌĞƐƵůƚƐĂƌĞĐŝƌĐůĞĚ͘

ŝĞ1͗ 6͕ 5͕ 3͕ 2͕ 3͕ 2͕ 2͕ 6͕ 3͕ 2͕ 4͕ 4͕ 3͕ 4͕ 1͕ 6͕ 2͕ 4͕ 5͕ 2͕ 1͕ 4͕ 1͕ 1͕ 6͕
ŝĞ2͗ 2͕ 1͕ 3͕ 5͕ 3͕ 5͕ 1͕ 1͕ 1͕ 6͕ 1͕ 4͕ 6͕ 3͕ 4͕ 5͕ 4͕ 6͕ 3͕ 2͕ 2͕ 6͕ 1͕ 2͕ 5͕
1+2 8͕ 6͕ 6͕ 7͕ 6͕ 7͕ 3͕ 7͕ 4͕ 8͕ 5͕ 8͕ 9͕ 7͕ 5͕ 11͕ 6͕ 10͕ 8͕ 4͕ 3͕ 10͕ 2͕ 3͕ 11͕

^ƚĂƌƚ

5th

ŌĞƌĞĂĐŚƚƌŝĂů͕ŵŽǀĞ
ƚŽƚŚĞŶĞdžƚůŝŶĞďĞůŽǁ
10th ĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐƚŚĞƌƵůĞ͗
ŝĞ1+ŝĞ2=ŵƵůƟƉůĞŽĨ3͍

15th NO YES

20th

25th
0% 4 8 12 16 20% 24 28 32 36 40% 44 48 52 56 60% 64 68 72 76 80% 84 88 92 96 100%

džƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ
hƐŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽƌŵƵůĂ͕

= 8 = 32 = 32%
&ƌĞƋƵĞŶĐLJĨŽƌƚŚĞŵƵůƟƉůĞƐŽĨ3ƌŽůůĞĚ
džƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ=
dŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƌŽůůƐŵĂĚĞ  25 100

12 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
How does it work? Your Turn Chance

Chance experiments
1 dŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌƐŚŽǁŶďĞůŽǁǁĂƐƵƐĞĚ25ƟŵĞƐƚŽƐĞĞŚŽǁŽŌĞŶĂƐŚĂƉĞǁŝƚŚƐƚƌĂŝŐŚƚƐŝĚĞƐǁĂƐƐƉƵŶ͘

ZĞƐƵůƚƐ͗ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ ͕ .
a &ŝůůŝŶƚŚĞƚƌŝĂŶŐůĞƚŽĮŶĚƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƐƉŝŶŶŝŶŐĂĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ͘
^ƚĂƌƚ

^ƚƌĂŝŐŚƚƐŝĚĞĚƐŚĂƉĞ͍
5th

NO YES
;ĚŽǁŶůĞŌͿ ;ĚŽǁŶƌŝŐŚƚͿ
10th
^ƉŝŶŶĞƌ

15th

20th

25th
0% 4 8 12 16 20% 24 28 32 36 40% 44 48 52 56 60% 64 68 72 76 80% 84 88 92 96 100%

džƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ;%Ϳ

džƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ= %

b hƐĞƚŚĞĨŽƌŵƵůĂƚŽĐĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƌĞƐƵůƚƐƐƉƵŶ͘

c ŽLJŽƵƚŚŝŶŬƚŚŝƐŝƐĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ͍džƉůĂŝŶLJŽƵƌĂŶƐǁĞƌ͕ŵĞŶƟŽŶŝŶŐƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŽŶ
ƚŚĞƐƉŝŶŶĞƌ͘

d tŚĂƚĐŽƵůĚLJŽƵĚŽƚŽŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞƚŚĞĂĐĐƵƌĂĐLJŽĨƚŚĞĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ͍

Chance H 8 13
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 Where does it work? Chance

Theoretical probability

/ƚĐŽŵƉĂƌĞƐŚŽǁŵĂŶLJƟŵĞƐĂƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌĞǀĞŶƚĐĂŶŚĂƉƉĞŶǁŝƚŚĂůůƚŚĞƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘

ͻ dŽƚĂůĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ=ƚŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŵĂƚĐŚŝŶŐƚŚĞƌĞƐƵůƚǁĞ
ĂƌĞůŽŽŬŝŶŐĨŽƌ͘
ͻ dŽƚĂůƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ=ƚŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŝŶƚŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞ͘
dŚĞƐĞƚĞƌŵƐ
ĂƌĞƵƐĞĚĂůŽƚŝŶ
ƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ dŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ
WƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨĂŶĞǀĞŶƚ=
dŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ

dŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĐĂŶŶĞǀĞƌďĞŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶƚŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ

`dŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨĂŶĞǀĞŶƚĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞĂŶLJǀĂůƵĞĨƌŽŵ0ƚŽ1.

`WƌŽďĂďŝůŝƟĞƐŝŶƉĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞĨŽƌŵĐĂŶŽŶůLJďĞĂŶLJǀĂůƵĞĨƌŽŵ0%ƚŽ100%.

&ŝŶĚƚŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƚŚĞƐĞĞǀĞŶƚƐ

;ŝͿ WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂƌĞĚĂƉƉůĞĨƌŽŵĂďŽǁůĐŽŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐ20ĂƉƉůĞƐ;12ƌĞĚĂŶĚ6ŐƌĞĞŶͿ͘
dŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƌĞĚĂƉƉůĞƐ;ĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐͿ
WƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƉŝĐŬŝŶŐĂƌĞĚĂƉƉůĞ= 
dŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨĂƉƉůĞƐ;ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐͿ
12
WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂƚƌĂŶĚŽŵ = 
ŝƐůŝŬĞĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ
20
ĨƌŽŵĂŚĂƚŽƌ 3
ĐůŽƐŝŶŐLJŽƵƌĞLJĞƐ = ^ŝŵƉůŝĨLJĨƌĂĐƟŽŶ
ďĞĨŽƌĞƉŝĐŬŝŶŐ͘
5

^ŽƚŚŝƐŵĞĂŶƐ͕ĨŽƌĞǀĞƌLJĮǀĞĂƉƉůĞƐƉŝĐŬĞĚƌĂŶĚŽŵůLJĨƌŽŵƚŚĞďŽǁů͕ƚŚƌĞĞǁŝůůƉƌŽďĂďůLJďĞƌĞĚĂƉƉůĞƐ͊

;ŝŝͿ dŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƌŽůůŝŶŐĂ4ŽŶĂƚǁĞŶƚLJͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞ͕ĂƐĂĨƌĂĐƟŽŶ͕ĚĞĐŝŵĂůĂŶĚƉĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞ
dŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨ4ƐŽŶƚŚĞĚŝĞ;ĨĂǀŽƵƌĂďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞͿ
WƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƌŽůůŝŶŐĂ4= 
dŚĞƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƐŝĚĞƐŽŶƚŚĞĚŝĞ;ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐͿ
1
= &ƌĂĐƟŽŶĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ
20
1 5
` =
 20  100

=0.05 ĞĐŝŵĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ

=5% WĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJ

18 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
 Where does it work? Your Turn Chance

A B I L ITY *
ROB TH
Theoretical probability P

EO
...../
RETICAL

R
...../

ETICAL
20...
4 /ĨƚŚĞƐŝdžƚĞĞŶͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĞƉŝĐƚƵƌĞĚŚĞƌĞŝƐƌŽůůĞĚ͕ǁƌŝƚĞƚŚĞƉĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞ

.
EO
ƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨŐĞƫŶŐƚŚĞƐĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͗ OB TH
PR
ABILITY *
a ŶĞǀĞŶŶƵŵďĞƌ͘ b ŵƵůƟƉůĞŽĨĨŽƵƌ͘

c ŶƵŵďĞƌďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚǁŽĂŶĚĮŌĞĞŶ͘ d ƉĞƌĨĞĐƚƐƋƵĂƌĞ͘

5 &ĞƌŐƵƐŚĂƐƚǁĞŶƚLJŐĂŵŝŶŐĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶĮůĞƐŽŶŚŝƐƉŚŽŶĞ͘tŚĂƚŝƐƚŚĞĚĞĐŝŵĂůƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJƚŚĂƚǁŚĞŶ
ƵƐŝŶŐƚŚĞƐĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐŚĞŝƐƉůĂLJŝŶŐ͗
a KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞĨŽƵƌƐƚƌĂƚĞŐLJŐĂŵĞƐ͍ b KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞƚǁĞůǀĞƌĂĐŝŶŐŐĂŵĞƐ͍

6 dŚĞƐĂŵƉůĞƐƉĂĐĞƚĂďůĞŚĞƌĞƐŚŽǁƐƚŚĞƐƵŵŽĨƚǁŽ
Die 2
4ͲƐŝĚĞĚĚŝĐĞǁŚĞŶƌŽůůĞĚƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ͘
+ 1 2 3 4
a ,ŽǁŵĂŶLJƉŽƐƐŝďůĞŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞƚŚĞƌĞ͍ 2 3 4 5
1
2 3 4 5 6
Die 1

b ,ŽǁŵĂŶLJĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚƐƵŵƐŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐĂƌĞƚŚĞƌĞ͍ 3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8

c ĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƌŽůůŝŶŐĂƚŽƚĂůůĞƐƐƚŚĂŶ5ĂƐĂƐŝŵƉůŝĮĞĚĨƌĂĐƟŽŶ͘

d ĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞĚĞĐŝŵĂůĂŶĚƉĞƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŽĨƌŽůůŝŶŐĂƉƌŝŵĞŶƵŵďĞƌ͘

7 džƉůĂŝŶŝŶĂƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞŽƌƚǁŽǁŚLJŝƚŝƐŶŽƚƉŽƐƐŝďůĞƚŽŚĂǀĞĂƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJŐƌĞĂƚĞƌƚŚĂŶ100%.

20 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
 What else can you do? Chance

Playing cards

tŚŝůĞƐŬŝůůŝƐƌĞƋƵŝƌĞĚĨŽƌŵĂŶLJĐĂƌĚŐĂŵĞƐ͕ƚŚĞLJĂůůƌĞƋƵŝƌĞ͚ůƵĐŬ͛ƚŽďĞŽŶLJŽƵƌƐŝĚĞ͘

>ƵĐŬŝƐũƵƐƚĐŚĂŶĐĞǁŽƌŬŝŶŐŝŶLJŽƵƌĨĂǀŽƵƌ͊

,ĞƌĞŝƐǁŚĂƚĂŶŽƌŵĂůƉĂĐŬŽĨƉůĂLJŝŶŐĐĂƌĚƐůŽŽŬƐůŝŬĞĂůůůĂŝĚŽƵƚ;ǁŝƚŚŽƵƚƚŚĞ:ŽŬĞƌĐĂƌĚƐͿ͘

SUITS SYMBOL CARDS IN EACH SUIT PICTURE CARDS

A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

^ƉĂĚĞƐ 13ĐĂƌĚƐ
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ůĂĐŬ ĐĞ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 :ĂĐŬ YƵĞĞŶ <ŝŶŐ

A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ůƵďƐ 13ĐĂƌĚƐ
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ĐĞ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 :ĂĐŬ YƵĞĞŶ <ŝŶŐ

A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ŝĂŵŽŶĚƐ 13ĐĂƌĚƐ
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ZĞĚ ĐĞ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 :ĂĐŬ YƵĞĞŶ <ŝŶŐ

A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

,ĞĂƌƚƐ 13ĐĂƌĚƐ
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K

ĐĞ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 :ĂĐŬ YƵĞĞŶ <ŝŶŐ

dŽƚĂů=52ĐĂƌĚƐ
WůĂLJŝŶŐĐĂƌĚƐĂƌĞĞdžĐĞůůĞŶƚĨŽƌƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJƋƵĞƐƟŽŶƐŝŶǀŽůǀŝŶŐĞƋƵĂůůLJůŝŬĞůLJŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐ͘
ĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƟĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞ

;ŝͿ WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂŚĞĂƌƚĐĂƌĚĨƌŽŵĂŶŽƌŵĂůƉĂĐŬŽĨƉůĂLJŝŶŐĐĂƌĚƐ͘
n(ŚĞĂƌƚĐĂƌĚƐ)
P (ŚĞĂƌƚĐĂƌĚ)=
n(ĐĂƌĚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂĐŬ) 
13
=
52 
1
= ^ŝŵƉůŝĮĞĚĨƌĂĐƟŽŶ
4

;ŝŝͿ WŝĐŬŝŶŐĂƉŝĐƚƵƌĞĐĂƌĚĨƌŽŵĂŶŽƌŵĂůƉĂĐŬŽĨƉůĂLJŝŶŐĐĂƌĚƐ
n(ƉŝĐƚƵƌĞĐĂƌĚƐ)
P (ƉŝĐƚƵƌĞĐĂƌĚ)=
n(ĐĂƌĚƐŝŶƚŚĞƉĂĐŬ) 
12
=
52 
3
= ^ŝŵƉůŝĮĞĚĨƌĂĐƟŽŶ
13

Chance H 8 29
Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
 What else can you do? Your Turn Chance
G CAR D S *
IN

PL
Playing cards

R D S * P LA

AYI G CAR
N
1 &ŽƌĞĂĐŚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞ͗

CA
;ŝͿ t ƌŝƚĞƚŚĞƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƚLJĂƐĂĚĞĐŝŵĂůŝĨŽŶĞĐĂƌĚǁĂƐƐĞůĞĐƚĞĚ ...../...../20....
* PLAYING
DS

ĂƚƌĂŶĚŽŵĨƌŽŵĂƉĂĐŬŽĨŶŽƌŵĂůƉůĂLJŝŶŐĐĂƌĚƐ͘
ZĞŵĞŵďĞƌ͗
;ŝŝͿ ĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨĞĂĐŚĞǀĞŶƚ͘ ŶƵŵĞƌĂƚŽƌ'ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂƚŽƌ
ĨŽƌĚĞĐŝŵĂůǀĂůƵĞ
a P (ƌĞĚĐĂƌĚ)
;ŝͿ ;ŝŝͿ

b P (ĐůƵď)
;ŝͿ ;ŝŝͿ

c P (ďůĂĐŬĚŝĂŵŽŶĚ)
;ŝͿ ;ŝŝͿ

d P (ĐĞ)
;ŝͿ ;ŝŝͿ

e P (<ŝŶŐŽĨƐƉĂĚĞƐ)
;ŝͿ ;ŝŝͿ

2 dŚĞƐĂŵĞǁŽƌĚƐĐĂŶďĞƵƐĞĚƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨƉŝĐŬŝŶŐĂŶĐĞŽƌƉŝĐŬŝŶŐĂ<ŝŶŐŽĨ^ƉĂĚĞƐ͘
,ŽǁĞǀĞƌƚŚĞĐĂůĐƵůĂƚĞĚƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝƟĞƐŽĨĞĂĐŚĞǀĞŶƚĂƌĞĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ͘
,ŽǁǁŽƵůĚLJŽƵĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƚŚĞĐŚĂŶĐĞŽĨďŽƚŚĞǀĞŶƚƐŝĨĐŽŵƉĂƌŝŶŐƚŚĞƚǁŽ͍

30 H 8 Chance
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning