Wireless Radio Frequency Technology

Working and Application

Wireless Radio Frequency Technology

The term wireless RF stands for “wireless Radio Frequency Technology”. If you are just
starting with radios, this article can help. It is proposed to give a basic understanding of
radio frequency,as well work as a quick reference for those who “know their knowledge”
but may be observed to brush up on that one place that they never quite understood.
Radio frequency is a measurement signifying the oscillation rate of electromagnetic radio
waves or electromagnetic radiation spectrum of frequencies ranging from 300 GHz to 9
kHz. With the use of transmitters and antennas, the radio frequency field can be used for
several types of wireless communications.

What is Wireless Radio Frequency?

Wireless Radio frequency is any of the electromagnetic wave frequencies that lie in the
range ranging from around 3 kHz-300 GHz, which comprise those frequencies used
for radar signals or communications.

Radio frequency usually denotes to electrical rather than mechanical oscillations. But,
mechanical RF systems do occur. Although RF is a rate of oscillation, the name RF or
“radio frequency” are used as a substitute for radio to define the use of wireless
communication, as different to communicate through electric wires.

Wireless RF Technology

Several types of wireless devices make use of radio frequency fields like Cordless & Cell
phones, radio & TV broadcast stations, satellite communication systems, Bluetooth
module and Wi-Fi, and also two-way radios all work in the RF spectrum.

In addition, other appliances, external communications, comprising garage-door openers

and microwave ovens, function at radio frequencies. Some wireless devices such as, TV
remote controls, computer mice, and some cordless computer keyboards operate at
infrared frequencies, which have smaller electromagnetic wavelengths.

How RF Works?
The term RF (Radio frequency) is measured in units called Hz (hertz), which denote the
number of cycles/second when a radio signal is transmitted. One Hz (hertz) equals one
cycle per second; radio waves range from 1,000 KHz to millions MHz to billions GHz of
cycles per second. Microwaves are a kind of radio wave with higher frequencies. Radio
frequencies (RF’s) are not visible to the human eye.

In a radio wave, the wavelength ‘s’ is inversely proportional to the frequency ‘f”. If the
frequency is measured in megahertz and the wavelength is measured in meters, then

s = 300/f

As the frequency ‘f’ is enhanced beyond that of the RF spectrum, electromagnetic energy
takes the type of IR, ultraviolet, visible, X-rays and also gamma rays.

Types of RF Modules

The RF module is applicable for different types, sizes, and shapes of small electronic
circuit boards. These modules typically include a PCB (printed circuit board), antenna,
transmit or receive circuit, and serial interface for communication with the host
processor.The different types of RF modules include the following

Types of RF Modules

 Transmitter (TX) module

 Receiver (Rx) module
 Transceiver module
 System on a chip(SoC) module

RF Spectrum Bands

The RF spectrum is separated into numerous ranges or bands. With the exemption of the
low-frequency segment, every band denotes an increase of frequency similar to an order
of magnitude.The following RF spectrum bands table shows the 8-bands in the RF
spectrum, showing the ranges of frequency and bandwidth.The SHF (super high
frequency) and EHF (extremely high frequency) bands are frequently referred to as the
microwave spectrum.

Designation Abbreviation Frequencies Free Space Wavelength

VLF Very Low-Frequency 9KHz-30KHz 33km-10km

LF Low Frequency 30KHz-300KHz 10km-1km

HF High Frequency 3MHz-30MHz 100m-10m

MF Medium Frequency 300MHz-3MHz 1km-100m

VHF Very High-Frequency 30MHz-300MHz 10m-1m

UHF Ultra High Frequency 300MHz-3GHz 1m-100mm

SHF Super High Frequency 3GHz-30GHz 100mm-10mm

EHF Extremely High-Frequency 30GHz-300GHz 10mm-1mm

The Main Features Affecting RF Module Performance

As with any other RF module, the RF module’s performance will depend on a number of
factors. For instance, by increasing the power of a transmitter, a larger communication
distance will be reached. But, this will also result in a higher electrical power drain on the
transmitter (TX) device, which will root smaller operating life for battery-powered devices.
Also, with a higher transmit power will make the system more disposed to interference
with an extra RF device.

Correspondingly, increasing the sensitivity of the receiver will also rise the active
communication range, but will also possibly cause an error due to interference with
additional RF devices.The performance of the whole system may be enhanced by using
corresponding antennas at each end of the communication link.

Lastly, the considered remote distance of any specific system is usually measured in an
open-air line of sight outline without any interference, but frequently there will be problems
like floors, walls, dense construction to grip the radio wave signals, so the current
operational distance will in most real examples be less than specified.

Characteristics of RF

The characteristics of RF include the following

 Low power (Typically transmit less than 1mW of power)

 The operating range of RF is good (3 to 30meters)
 Supports data rate up to 1 to 2Mbps
 It Penetrates walls
 Does not require a direct transmission route

Typical applications of RF Technology

The applications of RF technology include the following

 Applications of RF Technology

 Vehicle monitoring
 Remote control
 Telemetry
 Wireless meter reading
 Access control systems
 Small range wireless network
 Wireless home security systems
 Industrial data acquisition system
 Wireless data terminals
 Wireless data transmissions
 Biological signal acquisition
 Robot remote control
 Digital audio/ video transmission
 Digital home automation like remote light or remote switch
 Industrial remote control, remote sensing, and telemetry
 Alarm systems and wireless transmission of different types of low rate digital signal

Thus, this is all about radio frequency wireless technology working and its applications.
We believe that you have got a better concept about this concept.Furthermore, any
doubts regarding this concept or to implement RF based projects, please give your
valuable suggestions by commenting in the comment section below. Here is a question
for you, What is the purpose of RF technology?