SLAB DESIGN

DESIGN OF ONE-WAY SLAB

Given:
live load: 4.8 kPa fc' = 20.7 mPa
fy = 275 mPa L: 4 m
floor finish: 1.1 kPa f = 0.9 cover = 20 mm
ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa f1 = 0.85
plaster on tile: 0.24 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3
concrete fill finish: 0.023 kPa
partition load: 0 kPa using 12 mm rebars
miscellaneous load: 0 kPa Ad = 113.10 mm2

Solution:
minimum slab thickness, h
L ( 4 ) ( 1000 )
h= = = 143 mm
28 28
say h = 170 mm

assume effective depth, d

d = h - cover - half of bar diameter
= 170 - 20 - 6
= 144 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.17 ) ( 23.5 ) = 4.00 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0.24 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.24 kPa
electrical load = 0.023 kPa
partition load = 0 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 0 kPa

5.60 kPa
Factored Load:
WUDL= 1.2 (DL) = 1.6 ( 5.60 ) = 6.718 kPa
WULL= 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 14.398 kPa

At END 1 :

Wu L2 ( 14.3976 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 20.9420 kN-m
11 11
 MU 20.942 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.122 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.122

= x 1- 1- = 0.00422
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00509 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 733.090909 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 154.27827 mm
As 733.090909

say S = 150 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 150 mm

At MIDSPAN :

Wu L2 ( 14.3976 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 14.3976 kN-m
16 16
 MU 14.398 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.771 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 0.771

= x 1- 1- = 0.00287
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00509 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 733.090909 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 154.27827 mm
As 733.090909

say S = 150 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 150 mm

At END 2 :

Wu L2 ( 14.3976 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 23.0362 kN-m
10 10

MU 23.036 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.234 MPa
 f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.234

= x 1- 1- = 0.00466
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00509 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 733.090909 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 154.27827 mm
As 733.090909

say S = 150 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 150 mm

temperature bars :

Ast = 0.0020 bh
= 0.0020 ( 1000 ) ( 170 )
= 340 mm2

Ad (1000) ( 113.10 ) ( 1000 )

sst = = = 332.65 mm
Ast 340
 say S = 330 mm

Smax = 5h = 5 ( 170 ) = 850 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 330 mm

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB

Given:
short side A: 3.5 m fc' = 20.7 mPa
long side B: 4 m fy = 275 mPa
f = 0.9
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 4.8 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3

floor finish: 1.1 kPa CA = 0.071 using 12 mm rebar

ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa CADL = 0.039 cover = 20 mm
plaster on tile: 0.24 kPa CALL = 0.048
concrere fill finish 0.023 kPa CB = 0.029 Ad = 113.10
partition load: 0 kPa CBDL = 0.016
miscellaneous load: 0 kPa CBLL = 0.02

SOLUTION:
3.50
ratio m = = 0.875 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
4.00

2 ( 3.50 + 4.00 ) (1000)

h= = 83.333 mm
180
say h = 90 mm = hmin = 90 mm 90 mm

d1 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) = 64 mm
d2 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) - (half of rebar f) = 52 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.09 ) ( 23.5 ) = 2.12 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0.24 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.24 kPa
electrical load = 0.023 kPa
partition load = 0 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 0 kPa

3.72 kPa
 Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 3.72 ) = 4.462 kPa
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 12.142 kPa

Solving for Moments:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA = (Wu) (CA) (A2)
= 10.560 kN-m

at midspan
MADL = (WuDL) (CADL) (A2)
= 2.132 kN-m
MALL = (WuLL) (CALL) (A2)
= 4.516 kN-m
MA = MADL + MALL = 6.647 kN-m

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB = (Wu) (CB) (B2)
= 5.634 kN-m

at midspan
MBDL = (WuDL) (CBDL) (B2)
= 1.142 kN-m
MBLL = (WuLL) (CBLL) (B2)
= 2.458 kN-m
MB = MBDL + MBLL = 3.600 kN-m

Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 10.560 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.865 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (64 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 2.865

= x 1- 1- = 0.01144
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509
 (0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600
rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.01144 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.01144 ) ( 1000 ) ( 64 )
= 732.125841 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 154.48164 mm
As 732.125841

say S = 150 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 90 ) = 180 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 180 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 150 mm

at midspan
MA 6.647 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.803 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (64 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.803

= x 1- 1- = 0.00693
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin < r < rmax

 Therefore, use 0.00693 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00693 ) ( 1000 ) ( 64 )
= 443.695439 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 254.90458 mm
As 443.695439

say S = 250 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 90 ) = 180 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 180 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 180 mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB 5.634 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.315 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (52 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 2.315

= x 1- 1- = 0.00906
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00906 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00906 ) ( 1000 ) ( 52 )
= 471.090938 mm2

using 12 mm bars
 Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 240.08104 mm
As 471.090938

say S = 240 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 90 ) = 180 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 180 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 180 mm

at midspan
MB 3.600 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.479 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (52 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.479

= x 1- 1- = 0.00563
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00563 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00563 ) ( 1000 ) ( 52 )
= 292.565822 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 386.57967 mm
As 292.565822

say S = 380 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 90 ) = 180 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 180 mm
 S > Smax Therefore S = 180 mm

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB

with INTERPOLATION

Given:
short side A: 5 m fc' = 20.7 mPa
long side B: 6 m fy = 275 mPa
f = 0.9
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 2.1 kPa conc. unit wt. = 23.5 kN/m3

floor finish: 1.1 kPa CA = 0.068 using 16 mm rebar

ceiling finish: 0 kPa CADL = 0.037 cover = 25 mm
plaster on tile: 0.24 kPa CALL = 0.045
concrete fill finish 0.023 kPa CB = 0.032 Ad = 201.06
partition load: 0 kPa CBDL = 0.018
miscellaneous load: 1 kPa CBLL = 0.022 0

SOLUTION:
5.00
ratio m = = 0.833 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
6.00

2 ( 5.00 + 6.00 ) (1000)

h= = 122.222 mm
180
say h = 130 mm > hmin = 90 mm 130 mm

d1 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) = 97 mm
d2 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) - (half of rebar f) = 81 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.13 ) ( 23.5 ) = 3.06 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.24 kPa
electrical load = 0.023 kPa
partition load = 0 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 1 kPa

5.418 kPa
Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 5.42 ) = 6.502 kPa
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 2.1 ) = 3.36 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 9.862 kPa
Solving for Moments:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
0.85 0.066
0.833 CA
0.80 0.071

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.066 - CA

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.066 - 0.071 )
Therefore, CA = 0.06766667
MA = (Wu) (CA) (A2)
= 16.683 kN-m

at midspan
for DL: 0.85 0.036
0.833 CADL
0.80 0.039

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.036 - CADL

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.036 - 0.039 )
Therefore, CADL = 0.037
MADL = (WuDL) (CADL) (A2)
= 6.014 kN-m

for LL: 0.85 0.043

0.833 CALL
0.80 0.048

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.043 - CALL

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.043 - 0.048 )
Therefore, CALL = 0.04466667
MALL = (WuLL) (CALL) (A2)
= 3.752 kN-m

MA = MADL + MALL = 9.766 kN-m

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
0.85 0.034
0.833 CB
0.80 0.029

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.034 - CB

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.034 - 0.029 )
Therefore, CB = 0.03233333
MB = (Wu) (CB) (B2)
 = 11.479 kN-m

at midspan
for DL: 0.85 0.019
0.833 CBDL
0.80 0.016

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.019 - CBDL

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.019 - 0.016 )
Therefore, CBDL = 0.018
MBDL = (WuDL) (CBDL) (B2)
= 4.213 kN-m

for LL: 0.85 0.023

0.833 CBLL
0.80 0.02

( 0.85 - 0.833 ) 0.023 - CBLL

=
( 0.85 - 0.80 ) ( 0.023 - 0.02 )
Therefore, CBLL = 0.022
MBLL = (WuLL) (CBLL) (B2)
= 2.661 kN-m

MB = MBDL + MBLL = 6.874 kN-m

Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 16.683 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.970 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (97 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.970

= x 1- 1- = 0.00762
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
 275 600 + 275
\
when rmin < r < rmax
Therefore, use 0.00762 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00762 ) ( 1000 ) ( 97 )
= 738.871093 mm2

using 16 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 201.06) (1000)
S= = = 272.11783 mm
As 738.871093

say S = 270 mm

Smax= 2h = 2 ( 130 ) = 260 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 260 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 260 mm

at midspan
MA 9.766 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.153 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (97 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.153

= x 1- 1- = 0.00434
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
0 600 + 275

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00509 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 97 )
= 493.818182 mm2
 using 16 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 201.06) (1000)
S= = = 407.1539 mm
As 493.818182

say S = 400 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 130 ) = 260 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 260 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 260 mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB 11.479 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.944 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (81 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.944

= x 1- 1- = 0.00751
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00751 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00751 ) ( 1000 ) ( 81 )
= 608.282877 mm2

using 16 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 201.06) (1000)
S= = = 330.537 mm
As 608.282877

say S = 330 mm
 Smax= 2h = 2 ( 130 ) = 260 mm or 450 mm
Therefore, Smax = 260 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 260 mm

at midspan
MB 6.874 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.164 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (81 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 20.7 ) 2 x 1.164

= x 1- 1- = 0.00438
275 0.85 x 20.7

1.4 fc' 1.4 20.7

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 275 4 x 275
= 0.00509091 or 0.00413611 Therefore, use 0.00509

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 20.7) 600
= x = 0.02797
275 600 + 275

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00509 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 81 )
= 412.363636 mm2

using 16 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 201.06) (1000)
S= = = 487.57937 mm
As 412.363636

say S = 480 mm

Smax= 2h = 2 ( 130 ) = 260 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 260 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 260 mm

AB DESIGN

OF ONE-WAY SLAB

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab length
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants for computing h and Mu.
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. For the design of sections having different moments, just replace tha value of
denominator for Mu for that corresponding section.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
OF TWO-WAY SLAB

RESULTING TABLE

Middle Strip Column Strip

SLAB
As (mm2) S (mm) As (mm2) S (mm)

cont. edge 732.126 150 488.084 180

short span midspan 443.695 180 295.797 180

disc. edge 147.898 180 98.599 180

cont. edge 471.091 180 314.061 180

long span midspan 292.566 180 195.044 180

disc. edge 97.522 180 65.015 180

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
beam dimensions.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
OF TWO-WAY SLAB
h INTERPOLATION

RESULTING TABLE

Middle Strip Column Strip

SLAB
As (mm2) S (mm) As (mm2) S (mm)

cont. edge 738.871 260 492.581 260

short span midspan 493.818 260 329.212 260

disc. edge 246.290 260 164.194 260

cont. edge 608.283 260 405.522 260

long span midspan 412.364 260 274.909 260

disc. edge 202.761 260 135.174 260

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
beam dimensions.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
\
v
 SEISMIC ANALYSIS

ESTIMATED WEIGHT OF THE BUIL

For Roof Deck

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 1.500 8

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 1.500 8
Wall 3 : 8.000 0.200 2.500 2
Wall 4 : 6.000 0.200 2.500 4
Wall 5 :
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 1.500 14

Column 2 : 0.350 0.350 2.500 6

For 3rd Floor :

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
 Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

For 2nd Floor :

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

For 1st Floor :

length width height pieces

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 2
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 8
 Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

DESIGN BASE SHEAR, V

CV I
V= W
RT
where:
I= 1.00 (For Special Occupancy Structure)
R= 8.50 (For Moment Resisting Frames)
W= 23485.07 KN (Total Weight of the Building)
CV = 0.64
T = Ct (hn)
3/4

where:
Ct = 0.0731 (For Reinforced Concrete, Moment Resisting Frames)
hn = 12.4 (Total Height of the Buiding)
So, T = ( 0.0731) ( 12.4 )3/4
= 0.4830406063 s

( 0.64) ( 1.00 )
Therefore, V = ( 23,485.07 )
( 8.5) ( 0.48304)
= 3660.743 KN

Distribution of Lateral Forces Due To Seismic (Fx)

Wxhx
Level Wx (kN) hx (m) Wxhx
fWxhx
RD 5459.04 10.1 55136.304 0.44760

3 6419.36 6.9 44293.584 0.35958

2 6419.36 3.7 23751.632 0.19282

Total 123181.52

where : Wxhx
Fx = n ( V - ft ) *Since T < 0.70s, then ft = 0
f wihi
i=1
 Distribution of Forces to Frames
Transversal
R Direct
Frame Rel. R d d2 Rd2
fR Force, D
1 4 0.2 0.2 16 256 1024

2 4 0.2 0.2 8 64 256

3 4 0.2 0.2 0 0 0

4 4 0.2 0.2 -8 64 256

5 4 0.2 0.2 -16 256 1024

6 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 20 2560

where : Mt Rd2
T = x also Mt = (0.05) (Frame Length) (1)
d fRd2 = (0.05) ( 24 ) (1) =

Distribution of Forces to Frames

Longitudinal
R Direct
Frame Rel. R d d2 Rd2
fR Force, D
1 4 0.2 0.2 12 144 576

2 4 0.2 0.2 6 36 144

3 4 0.2 0.2 0 0 0

4 4 0.2 0.2 -6 36 144

5 4 0.2 0.2 -12 144 576

6 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 20 1440
where : Mt Rd2
T = x also Mt = (0.05) (Frame Length) (1)
2
d fRd = (0.05) ( 32 ) (1) =
C ANALYSIS
Note: Fill-up only yellow cells.

GHT OF THE BUILDING

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 451.200 kN
23.5 338.400 kN
23.5 188.000 kN
23.5 282.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1259.600 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 60.454 kN
23.5 43.181 kN
TOTAL 103.635 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 210.560 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
 23.5 360.960 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3368.960 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 210.560 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
23.5 360.960 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3368.960 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 105.280 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
23.5 721.920 kN
 23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3624.640 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

TOTAL : 23485.072 kN

BASE SHEAR, V

s Due To Seismic (Fx)

Wxhx
Fx Short Long
fWxhx
0.44760 1638.556 352.2896 371.4067

0.35958 1316.329 283.0108 298.3684

0.19282 705.8578 151.7594 159.9947

*Since T < 0.70s, then ft = 0

 Frame Length: 24.00 m

Rd2 Choose whichever is critical

Torsion D+T
fRd2 D+T and enter here: 0.215
0.4 0.03 0.23

0.1 0.015 0.215

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0.1 -0.015 0.185

0.4 -0.03 0.17

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

) (Frame Length) (1)

1.20

Frame Length: 32.00 m

Rd2 Choose whichever is critical

Torsion D+T
fRd2 D+T and enter here: 0.226667
0.4 0.053333 0.253333

0.1 0.026667 0.226667

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0.1 -0.026667 0.173333

0.4 -0.053333 0.146667

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
) (Frame Length) (1)
1.60
 PORTAL ANALYSIS

Span Length 1 : 2.50 m Column Height 3 : 3.00 m Note : This is designed for 7-span frame. In case of
Span Length 2 : 2.50 m Column Height 2 : 3.00 m lesser span, the second to the last column
Span Length 3 : 3.00 m Column Height 1 : 3.00 m frame and upper is not included. Just look
Span Length 4 : 2.00 m at the horizontal force, if there is negative,
Span Length 5 : 4.00 m that column frame is not included.
Span Length 6 : 2.00 m No. of Spans : 6

43.82 401.70 43.82 328.67 36.52 255.63 54.78 182.59 27.39

438.22 kN 401.70 328.67 255.63 182.59 109.56

43.82 43.82 0.00 43.82 7.30 36.52 -18.26 54.78 27.39 27.39

36.52 73.04 73.04 73.04 73.04

36.52 73.04 73.04 73.04 73.04

43.82 0.00 7.30 -18.26 27.39

134.53 429.74 134.53 351.61 112.10 273.47 168.16 195.34 84.08
468.81 kN 429.74 351.61 273.47 195.34 117.20

178.35 134.53 0.00 134.53 22.42 112.10 -56.05 168.16 84.08 84.08

75.59 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17

 75.59 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17

178.35 0.00 22.42 -56.05 84.08

207.45 238.77 207.45 195.36 172.88 151.95 259.32 108.53 129.66
260.48 kN 238.77 195.36 151.95 108.53 65.12

385.80 207.45 0.00 207.45 34.58 172.88 -86.44 259.32 129.66 129.66

97.29 194.59 194.59 194.59 194.59

97.29 194.59 194.59 194.59 194.59

385.80 0.00 34.58 -86.44 129.66

Span 1 Span 2 Span 3 Span 4 Span 5

54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 0.00 #REF!

54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 0.00

168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 0.00 #REF!

 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 0.00

259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 0.00 #REF!

259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 0.00

MOMENT DIAGRAM OF BEAM

54.78 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 0.00

 54.78 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56
113.38 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 0.00

113.38 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76

145.94 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 0.00

145.94 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88

MOMENT DIAGRAM OF COLUMN

109.56 182.59
36.52
0.00
27.39

73.04 36.52

73.04 36.52

27.39 0.00
117.20 195.34
39.07

84.08 0.00

151.17 75.59
151.17 75.59

84.08 0.00
65.12 108.53
21.71

129.66 0.00

194.59 97.29

194.59 97.29

129.66 0.00

#REF!
 #REF!

#REF!

54.78 113.38
0.00 54.78
113.38

0.00 113.38
145.94

0.00 145.94
 DESIGN OF BEAM
Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

END 1 MIDSPAN END 2

LOAD
V M M V M
from MDM 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL 245.115 -254.436 187.874 230.314 202.845
from Seismic Analysis EL --- 0 --- --- 0.000 NOT INCLUDED
1.2DL + 1.6LL 245.115 -254.436 187.874 230.314 202.845

DESIGN OF BEAM REINFORCEMENT

Given:
Wu = 67.93 kN d' =0 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
f = 0.9
b1 = 0.85 d= 540 mm
Es = 200000 MPa

d= 540 mm
b= 300 mm
d' = 0 mm
L= 6 m b = 300 mm

cover : 40 mm
using 10 mm f stirrups

Wu = 67.927 kN

L=6 m

245.115 Vu at d distance

Shear Diagram in KN
d= 0.54 m

-230.314
187.874 kN-m

Moment Diagram

254.44 kN-m -202.85 kN-m

AT END 1 :

Mu 254.436
Mn = = = 282.706667 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.75 )( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 600
rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 600
= x
420 600 + 420
= 0.02125

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02125 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3442.5 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = r fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02125 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0212 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 570930019 MN-mm
Mu = 570.9300188 kN-m

Mu 570.93001875
Mn = = = 634.366688 kN-m
f 0.9
634.3666875 > 282.70666667 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!
AT END 1
Mn1 = 634.3666875 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM
As1 = 3442.5 mm2 IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM
Mn2 = 282.706666667 - 634.366688
= -351.660020833 kN-m Mu = f Rn b d²
254 = 0.9 Rn ( 300 ) (
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) 3.231672 Mpa
Mn2 -351.6600 x10e6
As2 = = ρ= 0.85 1 - 1- 2 Rn
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) fy 0.85 fc
= -1550.52919239 mm2
ρ= 0.85 28 1-
Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : 420
where:
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210 ρ= 0.0083027
Es 200000

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c
1.4 fc' 1.4
 solving for c: a rmin = or =
c= fy 4 fy 420
f1 2Mn1 = 0.0033333333 or 0.003149704
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d -
As1 fy (0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600
a= 202.500 mm rmax = x
202.5 fy 600 + fy
therefore c = = 238.235 mm (0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) (28)
0.85 = x
Therefore, 420
0.003 ( 238.235 - 0 )
Es' = = 0.00300
238.235 when rmin < r <
Therefore, use 0.00830 for As
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields!
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00830 ) ( 300) ( 540
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELD: = 1345.038467087 mm2
Es' 0.00300
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210 minimum edge distance = cover - stirrup
As' = As2 = 600 MPa = ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= -1550.52919 mm2 = 70
Mn2 -351.66x10e6
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 ) For tension reinforcement:
= -1085.3704 mm2 using 20 mm f bars
As
N= =
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS Ad
As' = -1550.5291924 mm2
checking the spacing:
As = As1 + As2 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 5( 20 )
= 3442.5 + -1550.5292 S=
= 1891.9708076 mm2 4

minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -1550.5292
N= = = -4.935 say -4 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 180 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As 1891.97081
N= = = 6.022 say 7 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 3 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
S= = 70 mm > 25 mm OK!
2

AT MIDSPAN :

Mu 187.874
Mn = = = 208.748889 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.75 )( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 600
rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 600
= x
0 600 + 420
= 0.02125

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02125 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3442.5 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02125 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0212 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 570930019 MN-mm
Mu = 570.9300188 kN-m

Mu 570.93001875
Mn = = = 634.366688 kN-m
f 0.9
634.3666875 > 208.74888889 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!

Mn1 = 634.3666875 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

As1 = 3442.5 mm2
Mn2 = 208.748888889 - 634.366688
= -425.617798611 kN-m
Mu = f Rn b d²
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) 187.874 = 0.9 Rn ( 300
Mn2 -425.6178 x10e6 Rn = 2.38625 Mpa
As2 = =
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) ρ= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
= -1876.621687 mm2 fy 0.85 fc

Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : ρ= 0.85 28 1-

where: 420
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210
Es 200000 ρ= 0.006 Mpa

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c
 solving for c: a 1.4 fc'
c= rmin = or =
f1 2Mn1 fy 4 fy
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d - = 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039
As1 fy
a= 202.500 mm (0.75)(0.85) f1 fc'
202.5 rmax = x
therefore c = = 238.235 mm fy
0.85 (0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) (28)
Therefore, =
0.003 ( 238.235 - 0 ) 420
Es' = = 0.00300
238.235
when rmin < r
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields! Therefore, use 0.00600

As = f b d1
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00600 ) ( 300)
Es' 0.00300 = 971.852802 mm2
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210
As' = As2 = 600 MPa minimum edge distance =
= -1876.62169 mm2 =
Mn2 -425.62x10e6 =
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 )
= -1313.6352 mm2 For tension reinforcement:
using 20 mm f bars
As
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS N=
As' = -1876.621687 mm2 Ad

As = As1 + As2 checking the spacing:

= 3442.5 + -1876.6217 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
= 1565.878313 mm2 S=
2
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -1876.6217
N= = = -5.973 say -5 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 200 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As 1565.87831
N= = = 4.984 say 5 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 4 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
S= = 40 mm > 25 mm OK!
3

AT END 2 :

Mu -202.845
Mn = = = -225.38333 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.75 )( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 600
rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 600
= x
420 600 + 420
= 0.02125

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02125 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3442.5 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02125 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0212 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 570930019 MN-mm
Mu = 570.9300188 kN-m

Mu 570.93001875
Mn = = = 634.366688 kN-m
f 0.9
634.3666875 > -225.38333333 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!

Mn1 = 634.3666875 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

As1 = 3442.5 mm2
Mn2 = -225.383333333 - 634.366688
= -859.750020833 kN-m
Mu = f Rn b d²
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) -202.845 = 0.9 Rn ( 300
Mn2 -859.7500 x10e6 Rn = -2.5764 Mpa
As2 = =
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) ρ= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
= -3790.78492431 mm2 fy 0.85 fc

Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : ρ= 0.85 28 1-

where: 420
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210
Es 200000 ρ= -0.00583 Mpa

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c

solving for c: a 1.4 fc'

 c= rmin = or =
f1 2Mn1 fy 4 fy
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d - = 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039
As1 fy
a= 202.500 mm (0.75)(0.85) f1 fc'
202.50 rmax = x
therefore c = = 238.235 mm fy
0.85 (0.75)(0.85)(0.85 ) (28)
Therefore, =
0.003 ( 238.235 - 0 ) 420
Es' = = 0.00300
238.235
when rmin > r
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields! Therefore, use 0.00333

As = f b d1
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00333 ) ( 300)
Es' 0.00300 = -945.1033308 mm2
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210
As' = As2 = 600 MPa minimum edge distance =
= -3790.78492 mm2 =
Mn2 -859.75x10e6 =
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 )
= -2653.5494 mm2 For tension reinforcement:
using 28 mm f bars
As
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS N=
As' = -3790.7849243 mm2 Ad

As = As1 + As2 checking the spacing:

= 3442.5 + -3790.7849 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 6( 28 )
= -348.28492431 mm2 S=
5
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -3790.7849
N= = = -12.066 say -12 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 200 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As -348.28492
N= = = -1.109 say -1 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 5 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) 4( 20 )
S= = 25 mm > 25 mm OK!
4

DESIGN OF VERTICAL STIRRUPS

Vu = 245.115 kN

Vud = Vu - Wu d
= 245.115 - ( 67.927 ) ( 0.54 )
= 208.43442 kN
= 208434.42 N

1
Vc = fc' bw d
6
1
= 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
6
= 142,870.571 N

f Vc 0.85 ( 142,870.571 )
= = 53576.4641 N
2 2

f Vc
Vud > Therefore, the beam needs web reinforcement!
2

determine spacing s of the stirrups, using 10 mm stirrups

Av fy d
s=
Vs
where : Vud
Vs = - Vc
f
208434.42
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 135041.989 N

f
Av = 2 4 ( 10 )2 = 157.079633 mm2

( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )

s= = 263.81173 mm say 260 mm
135041.989 ( spacing based from Vud )

determine the length or portion of the beam that needs stirrups,

d = 540mm

Vud = 208,434 N

f Vs
Vu = 245,115 N
f Vs = 121,440 N
1/2 fVc = 53,576 N
 x= 2.82 m
stirrups needed here
245,115 N - 67,927 x = 53,576
x= 2.82 m

to provide the needed spacing based from other values of V u to minimize stirrups,

At x = 1 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 1 )
= 177,188 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
177,188
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 93380.0956667 N

A v fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = 381.51236 mm say 380 mm
93380.095667

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs =
93,380 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
93,380 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S > Smax use S = 270 mm

At x = 1.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 1.5 )
= 143,225 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
143,225
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 48096.0956667 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = 740.718351 mm say 740 mm
48096.0956666667

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = 48,096 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
48,096 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S > Smax use S = 270 mm

OPTIONAL SECTION

At x = 2 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 2 )
= 109,261 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
109,261
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -14328.2180588 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -2486.3986 mm say -2490 mm
-14328.2180588235

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -14,328 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-14,328 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -2490 mm

At x = 2.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 2.5 )
= 75,298 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
 75,298
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -54284.6886471 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -656.27457 mm say -660 mm
-54284.6886470588

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs -54,285
= N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-54,285 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -660 mm

At x = 3 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 3 )
= 41,334 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
41,334
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -94242.3357059 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -378.02184 mm say -380 mm
-94242.3357058824

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -94,242 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-94,242 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -380 mm

At x = 3.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 3.5 )
= 7,371 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
7,371
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -134198.806294 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -265.46928 mm say -270 mm
-134198.806294118

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -134,199 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-134,199 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -270 mm

Number of Stirrups and Spacing :

a. ) along the depth

@ 50 mm spacing = 1 pc

@ 260 mm spacing
540 - 50 = 490 mm
490 mm
= 1.885 say 2 pcs
260 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 260 ) = 520 mm

length already has stirrups :

520 + 50 = 570 mm

b. ) along the 1 m length

@ 270 mm spacing
1000 - 570 = 430 mm
430 mm
= 1.593 say 2 pcs
 270 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 270 ) = 540 mm

length already has stirrups :

540 + 570 = 1110 mm

c. ) along the 1.5 m length

@ 270 mm spacing
1,500 - 1110 = 390 mm
390 mm
= 1.444 say 2 pcs
270 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 270 ) = 540 mm

length already has stirrups :

540 +1110 = 1650 mm

d. ) along the 2 m length

@ -2490 mm spacing
2000 - 1650 = 350 mm
350 mm
= -0.14 say 0 pcs
-2490 mm

length occupied by 0 pcs stirrups :

( 0 ) ( -2490 ) = 0 mm

length already has stirrups :

0 + 1650 = 1650 mm

e. ) along the 2.5 m length

@ -660 mm spacing
2500 - 1650 = 850 mm
850 mm
= -1.29 say -1 pcs
-660 mm

length occupied by -1 pcs stirrups :

( -1 ) ( -660 ) = 660 mm

length already has stirrups :

660 + 1650 = 2310 mm
 540 )²

1- 2( 3.23167 )
0.85 (28)

28
 or
4 x 420
Therefore, use 0.00333

600

600 + fy
600
= 0.02125
600 + 420

rmax

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
mm

Ad = 314.15926
1345.0384671
= 4.281 say 5 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 5 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 5( 20 )
= 25 mm > 25 mm OK!

)( 540 )²

0.85 fc

1- 2( 2.3862470152 )
0.85 (28)
 1.4 28
or
420 4 x 420
0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

600

600 + fy
600
x = 0.02125
600 + 420

< rmax
for As

( 540 )

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
70 mm

mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
971.85280205
= = 3.094 say 4 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 3 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
= 70 mm > 25 mm OK!

)( 540 )²

0.85 fc

1- 2( -2.5763984149 )
0.85 (28)

1.4 28
 or
420 4 x 420
0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

600

600 + fy
600
x = 0.02125
600 + 420

< rmax
for As

( 540 )

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
70 mm

mm f bars Ad = 615.7521496
-945.10333085
= = -1.535 say -1 pcs.
615.7521496 arrangement: 6 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 6( 28 )
= 6.4 mm < 28 mm NOT OK!
 COLUMN DESIGN

For 3rd Level :

Pu = 1795.1812
PEL = 0
Pu3 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL )
= [1795.1812 ]
= 1795.1812 kN

For 2nd Level :

Pu = 2096.2964
PEL = 0
Pu2 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL )
= [2096.2964]
= 2096.2964 kN

For 1st Level :

Pu = 2052.3388
PEL = 0
Pu1 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6LL )
= [2052.3388]
= 2052.3388 kN

Pu = 5943.8164 kN

DESIGN OF SQUARE TIED COLUMN

Given:
Pu = 5943.8164 kN where As
fc' = 28 MPa r= ; As = r Ag
fy = 420 MPa Ag
initial r = 0.05
f= 0.65

Solution:

Selecting column dimensions:

Pu = 0.8 f [ 0.85 fc' ( Ag - As ) + fy ( As ) ]
5944 x 103 = 0.8 ( 0.65 ) [ 0.85 ( 28 ) ( Ag - 0.05 Ag ) + 420 ( 0.05 Ag ) ]
Ag = 262105.392 mm2

Use: 400 mm x 400 mm

Ag = 160000 mm2
Selecting longitudinal (main) bars:
Pu = 0.8 f [ 0.85 fc' ( Ag - As ) + fy ( As ) ]
5944 x 103 = 0.8 ( 0.65 ) [ 0.85 ( 28 ) ( 160000 - As ) + 420 As ]
As = 19238.8091 mm2

Use: 8 -- 36 mm f OK! ..above minimum req'd rebars

As = 8143.00816 mm2

checking r :
rgmin = 1% of Ag = 0.01
rgmax = 8% of Ag = 0.08

As 8143.00816
r= = = 0.051
Ag 160000

rgmin < r < rgmax OK for rho min! Also, OK! for rho max

Design of ties:

Use 12 mm f size of ties.

( a ) 16 db = 16 ( 36 ) = 576 mm
( b ) 48 dt = 48 ( 12 ) = 576 mm
( c ) least lateral column dimension = 400 mm

Therefore, 400 mm controls!

 Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

UMN

Ag ) ]
mum req'd rebars
 FOUNDATION DESIGN

DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

Given:
DL = 13.44 kN/m a= 0.2 m
LL = 0 kN/m depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 75 mm
f = 0.9 0.75

qa = 200 kN/m2
conc weight = 23.5 kN/m3
soil weight = 16 kN/m3 LL
DL

a
Ground Line

1500mm

500mm

1m

Solution:

Assume h = 500 mm deep footing

d = 425 mm

qe = qa - ( h x conc weight ) - ( soil height x soil weight )

500 1000
= 200 - ( 23.5 ) - ( 16 )
1000 1000

= 172.25 kN/m2

DL + LL
width required ( l ) =
 qe

13.44 + 0
=
172.25

= 0.078 m say 1 m

bearing pressure for strength design :

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
width required

1.2 ( 13.44 ) + 1.6 ( 0 )

=
1

= 16.128 kN/m2

depth required for shear at a distance d from face of the wall :

l - a
Vu = - d ( qu )
2

1 - 0.0002
= - 0.425 ( 16.128 )
2

= 1.2079872 kN

6 Vu
d=
f fc' ( bw )

6 ( 1.208 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 1000 )

= 1.826 mm < 425 mm OK!

determine steel area ( d = 425 mm )

l - a 1 - 0.0002
cantilever length = = = 0.5 m
2 2

take moment at face of the wall :

0.5
Mu = ( 16.128 ) ( 0.4999 ) = 2.0151936806 kN-m
2
 Mu 2.015 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.012 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (425 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.012
= x 1- 1- = 0.00003
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 600
= x = 0.02125
420 600 + 420

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 425 )
= 1416.667 mm2

using 20 mm bars ; Ad = 314.16

Ad (1000) ( 314.16) (1000)

S= = = 221.76 mm
As 1416.66666667

say S = 220 mm

DESIGN OF SQUARE COLUMN FOOTING

Given:
DL = 3449 kN a = 600 m
LL = 1189 kN depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 80 m
 f = 0.9 0.75
fs = 40
qa = 200 kN/m 2

conc weight = 23.5 kN/m3

soil weight = 16 kN/m3

400 mm

400 mm

Ground Line

1500mm

900mm

5.5 m

Solution:

Assume h = 900 mm deep footing

d = 820 mm

qe = qa - ( h x conc weight ) - ( soil height x soil weight )

900 600
= 200 - ( 23.5 ) - ( 16 )
1000 1000

= 169.25 kN/m2

DL + LL
Af required =
qe

3448.53 + 1189
=
169.25

= 27.3991 m2

Use : 5.5 m x 5.5 m footing

Af = 30.25 m2
bearing pressur`

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
Af

1.2 ( 3448.533 ) + 1.6 ( 1188.763 )

=
30.25

= 199.678 kN/m2

a.) depth d required for one-way or beam shear :

5.5 m
A1

1.63 m d = 820 mm

2.45 m

Vu1 = qu ( A1 )

= ( 199.678 ) [ ( 1.63 ) ( 5.5 ) ]

= 1790.114 kN

6 Vu1
d=
f fc' ( bw )

6 ( 1,790.114 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 5500 )

= 492.072 mm < 820 mm OK!

b.) depth d required for two-way or punching shear :

A2

d/2

a
600 + 820 =

d/2

bo = 4 ( 1420 ) = 5680 mm

Vu2 = qu ( A2 )

= ( 199.678 ) [ ( 30.25 ) - ( 1.42 )2 ]

= 5637.630 kN

3 Vu2
d=
f fc' ( bo )

3 ( 5,637.630 ) ( 10 )3
=
0.75 28 ( 5680 )

= 750.290 mm < 820 mm OK!

12 Vu2
d=
fs d
f +2 fc' ( bo )
bo

12 ( 5,637.630 ) ( 10 )3
=
( 40 ) d
0.75 28 ( 5680 )
5680 + 2

Solving d by Quadratic Equation

2 :

where a = 158.745078664 d2
b = 45083.6023405 d
c = -67651555.45
 -b f b2 - 4ac
d=
2a

d= 526.0783949 mm or -810.078395 mm

Therefore d = 526.078 mm < 820 mm OK!

determine steel area ( d = 820 mm )

l - a 5.5 - 0.6
cantilever length = = = 2.45 m
2 2

take moment at face of the wall :

2.45
Mu = ( 199.68 ) ( 2.45 ) ( 5.5 ) = 3296.060 kN-m
2

Mu 3,296.060 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.990 MPa
fbd 1
2
0.90 x 5500 x (820 )
2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.990
= x 1- 1- = 0.00241
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
(0.75)(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 600
= x = 0.02125
420 600 + 420

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 5500 ) ( 820 )
= 15033.333 mm2
 using 25 mm bars ; Ad = 490.87

Ad (1000) ( 490.87) (1000)

S= = = 32.65210643 mm
As 15033.3333333

say S = 30 mm
N
Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

NG

( wall thickness )

425mm
 0.00003

0.00333

0.02125

OOTING

( column dimension )
820mm
600 + 820 = 1420 mm
0.00241

0.00333

0.02125
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