THIRD INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: The Digital Age

Topic Outline

 Meaning of 3rd Industrial revolution

 Remarkable Contributions
 Remarkable Persons
 Five Pillars of 3rd industrial revolution
 Impacts of IR 3.0 to other aspects

I. Third Industrial Revolution

Third Industrial Revolution is that the number of blue-collar workers will continue
to decline while productivity increases. More work will be done in front of computer
screens. Labour costs as a proportion of the total cost of production will diminish,
which will encourage companies in the Western world to repatriate factories from
low-wage countries to realize reduced transport costs. The revolution under way will
also allow firms to quickly adjust to changes in local tastes.

This revolution is driven not by an a physical engine, but by technologies of the

digital engine of Internet, renewable energy.

Digitization also has an impact on training. Students can try to improve their
evolving skills in virtual environments while having access to all relevant information
at the push of a button. The rise of digitization paves the way for complex
simulations. Products designed and tested on computers will enjoy reduced
development costs. Inexpensive prototypes produced by additive manufacturing will
encourage creative and daring solutions.

II. Remarkable Contributions

There are several contributions this particular industrial revolution to the world, it
includes:

1. Digital Communication

Digital communication is any message passed through digital devices. Digital

communication is any type of information sent digitally. Digital communication is a
system of Telecommunication Employing Nomanilly Discontinuous Signal that
changes in Frequency, Amplitude, Time, or Polarity.

2. Data processing

A series of operations on data, especially by a computer, to retrieve, transform,

or classify information. It is the manipulation of data by a computer. It includes the
conversion of raw data to machine-readable form, flow of data through the CPU and
memory to output devices, and formatting or transformation of output. Any use of
computers to perform defined operations on data can be included under data
processing.

3. Software

The programs and other operating information used by a computer. It is a set of

instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific
tasks. Opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a computer,
software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run
on a device.

4. Robotics

An interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes mechanical

engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, computer science, and
others. Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as
well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information
processing.

5. Digital Devices

A physical unit of equipment that contains a computer or microcontroller. Today,

myriad devices are digital including a smartphone, tablet and smartwatch. In
contrast, there are numerous non-digital (analog) devices, such as a thermometer,
electric fan and bicycle. Automobiles, washing machines and many other products
are both digital and analog. See device, computer, microcontroller, digital and
analog.
 6. Internet

The internet is a globally connected network system that uses TCP/IP to transmit
data via various types of media. The internet is a network of global exchanges –
including private, public, business, academic and government networks – connected
by guided, wireless and fiber-optic technologies.

The terms internet and World Wide Web are often used interchangeably, but they
are not exactly the same thing; the internet refers to the global communication
system, including hardware and infrastructure, while the web is one of the services
communicated over the internet.

III. Remarkable Persons

Jeremy Rifkin

He is a principal architect of the EU's long-term third

industrial revolution economic vision called Smart Europe and
is advising the European Commission on the deployment of the
plan across the continent. Rifkin is also a principal architect of
China's third industrial revolution vision and an adviser to
government agencies on the deployment of the China Internet
Plus transformation underway in the 13th Five-Year Plan.

Computer scientists Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn are credited with inventing the
Internet communication protocols we use today and the system referred to as the
Internet.
 On this day in 1975, at a time when most Americans
use typewriters, childhood friends Bill Gates and Paul
Allen found Microsoft, a company that makes computer
software. Originally based in Albuquerque, New Mexico,
Microsoft relocated to Washington State in 1979 and
eventually grew into a major multinational technology
corporation. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went
public, 31-year-old Gates became the world’s youngest
billionaire.

IV. Five Pillars of 3rd industrial revolution

The five pillars of the Third Industrial Revolution are:

(1) shifting to renewable energy;

(2) transforming the building stock of every continent into micro–power plants to
collect renewable energies on-site;

(3) deploying hydrogen and other storage technologies in every building and
throughout the infrastructure to store intermittent energies;

(4) using Internet technology to transform the power grid of every continent into an
energy internet that acts just like the Internet (when millions of buildings are
generating a small amount of renewable energy locally, on-site, they can sell surplus
green electricity back to the grid and share it with their continental neighbors); and

(5) transitioning the transport fleet to electric plug-in and fuel cell vehicles that can
buy and sell green electricity on a smart, continental, interactive power grid.

V. Impacts of IR 3.0 to other aspects

BThe 3rd industrial revolution has its very impact in every aspects presented
below.

 Economic aspect

The establishment of a Third Industrial Revolution infrastructure created

thousands of new businesses and millions of jobs and lay the basis for a sustainable
global economy in the 21st century.
 The extraordinary capital costs of owning and operating giant centralized
telephone, radio, and television communications technology and fossil fuel and
nuclear power plants in markets is giving way to the new “distributed capitalism,” in
which the low entry costs in lateral networks make it possible for virtually everyone to
become a potential entrepreneur and collaborator, creating and sharing information
and energy in open commons. Witness twenty something young men creating
Google, Facebook, and other global information networks, literally in their college
dorm rooms and thousands of small businesses converting their buildings to green
micro power plants and connecting with one another in regional electricity networks.

 Physical aspect

The TIR will influence land-use planning at all levels. It offers opportunities for
the decentralisation and growth of secondary systems of cities. These may be
secondary cities that form a polycentric urban structure for metropolitan regions or
smaller cities along an economic or trade development corridor, defined by trunk rail
and freeway systems. Figure 1 shows the concept associated with corridor economic
developments that focus on creating new growth node opportunities for regional
towns and cities to become more integrated into the structure of large metropolitan

and mega-city economies.

 Social aspect

The first two industrial revolutions completely transformed societies and social
attitudes. The Third Industrial Revolution has the potential to do the same. The
Internet and social media has changed the nature of communications so that any
individual has the potential to have a worldwide voice through media like Twitter,
Facebook and LinkedIn. The TIR is already removing the privilege of privacy,
creating more open and transparent governance systems, increasing accountability
and making inroads into corruption and nepotism at the highest levels of government
and business. Access to metadata enables enterprises and firms to develop a far
deeper understanding of the psychographics and behavioural patterns of peoples
and society. It is already having a very significant effect on marketing, purchasing
and ethical practices.

On the positive side, in many workplaces, the TIR is already resulting in more
innovative design and creative industries, flexible work environments, coupled with
greater combinations of work and socialisation thatcreate social business spaces.
Global corporations like Uber, Facebook, Airbnb, and Alibaba, etc., which are
internet based, are among the fastest collaborating companies in the world.

The TIR will call for significant changes in land-use planning at the city and local
regions level. New industries associated with the TIR will seek locations that
optimise access to knowledge, human capital, business services, social business
spaces, education, training and recreation facilities.

 Government aspect

The Third Industrial Revolution has, and will continue to have, a significant
impact on governance and decision-making systems. Governance systems, through
laws and regulations, have the capacity to slow, and in some cases, change the
direction of the revolution, especially through laws, international agreements and
political ideology.

Social media, such as Facebook and Twitter, are becoming a large part of the
new governance of cities, as authorities test ideas or policies. As a result e-
governance is emerging as the new form of collaborative governance in cities and
regions, replacing traditional closed-door decision-making. E- governance is
expanding into areas of community consultation and e-plebiscites, as communities
demand a greater say in local government decision-making. The use of e-plebiscites
is a new form of governance which, potentially, adds risks to the certainty of planning
and the approval of contentious development projects. Local development plans will
need to be crafted much more rigorously and carefully. The separation of plan-
making and plan administration will need to be clearly defined to avoid uncertainty in
development planning processes.
  Environmental aspect

One of the most important drivers for change within the Third Industrial
Revolution is the shift towards renewable energy and the management of climate
change. Renewable energies will eventually replace fossil fuels. Fossil fuels will
continue to provide essential feedstock to agriculture, pharmaceuticals,
manufactured products and domestic heating, for which demand is expected to
increase substantially as global income levels rise. The TIR is a major factor driving
climate adaptation and mitigation initiatives, as the world faces the daunting situation
of having to relocate millions of people from low-lying areas along coastlines and
river systems, if projected sea level rise cannot be reversed.

Many cities and regions are already planning, and/or have introduced, a wide
range of measures to address climate change adaptation and mitigation. However,
for people living in many developing economies, these measures fall far short of
what is required to prevent major disaster resulting from human-induced climate
change. While a collective global effort is needed to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions and to slow the effects of climate change, reduction in current levels of
GHG to pre-Kyoto levels, is decades away.

The TIR will provide many interesting and exciting technologies and innovations
to reduce emission levelsand waste. However, the challenge will be to develop the
expertise, knowledge and systems required, and affect behavioural changes in
communities where there is the long-term practice of unsustainable energy use.

Climate change has given rise to a greater appreciation of green cities, buildings and
interior design. As discussed earlier, new materials developed from renewables will
be stronger, more flexible and have a longer lifecycle, leading to new possibilities in
size and scale of eco-designed buildings, etc. Green cities are an integral part of
anemerging green economy, and the two need to be linked in both physical and
environmental planning processes.
 Written Report about

THIRD INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION

BSEd – 2 (Science)

Pimentel, Dale Andrew

Rosales, Harold

Cayanong, Jielyn Carmela

Creus, Jhen-jhen

Magdangan, Angela Jewel

Espina, Shekina Glory

Dr. Leah C. Navarro

Instructor