Electromagnetic Theory and Waves

Unit 3: Step 4 - to analyze the waves behavior in guided mediums and radiation

CESAR AUGUSTO CUBEROS TOLOZA

CODE: 88255042

GROUP: 203058_35

EDUARDO GUZMAN

TUTOR

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OPEN AND DISTANCE UNAD

PROGRAM: ENGINEERING IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS

25 NOVEMBER 2018
Activities to develop

Each student in the group should answer the following questions using academic references
to support the research:

1. What are the practical implications associated with a line with only reactive components or
only resistive components?

The implication of working with a line containing only reactive components is that they tend to
be more sensitive to disturbances and losses due to the influence of external fields, so a wiring
with an impedance that is capable of protecting the interference should be used. . enviroment

The main implication that should be taken into account when working with a line that only
contains resistive elements is that they get very hot, which could deteriorate the insulating enamel
that covers the cable, so a larger cable with a larger diameter should be used. Higher impedance.

2. In a practical transmission system. What is a good value for the reflection coefficient and the
VSWR?

Explain A good reflection coefficient is described with the intensity the amplitude of the wave
the reflection coefficient is related to the transmission coefficient since having a constant voltage
will see a good transmission coefficient since it is twice the magnitude of the signal where the
output signal is twice the input signal This pattern of the standing wave is maintained along the
line and the value of ROE is constant in it if the line has no losses. The situation is similar if the
line is terminated in an open circuit, except that now in the load there is a minimum of current
and a maximum of voltage. If the line is terminated in any load, of impedance ZL, the standing
wave will have a shape similar to that of figure 9.9, in which there is no maximum or minimum
voltage in the load.
3. What happens to the voltage and current in a line with the following conditions: line
terminated in its characteristic impedance, line terminated in short and line terminated in open?

If the line is terminated in a short circuit, the reflection in the load is total and the standing
voltage wave has the shape shown in Figure 9.9, in which the minima are separated by a distance
of λ / 2. Fig. 9.9. Total reflection

In a line terminated in a short circuit, the voltage in the load is minimal (zero) and the current is
maximum. The reflection in the load affects the distribution of both voltage and current in the
line. The current reflected to the generator does not change phase, while the voltage suffers a
phase inversion of 180 °. At a point at a distance from the charge of λ / 4 of the load the current
reaches zero while the voltage reaches a maximum. At half load length the situation reverses and
the voltage is zero and the maximum current.

4. What is the voltage reflection coefficient and what is the ideal value for a transmission system?
The reflection coefficient describes the amplitude of the reflected wave or intensity through the
conductor at the moment of arriving at the point this can be returned or reflected according to the
intensity of the voltage of this depends on whether the wave advances or the signal is reflected
and so that there good transmission system; This coefficient of reflection can be moved along the
line to the generator to multiply it to double, if we look at the transmission coefficient it is equal
double of the signal Tale when coming by a very large impedance this is transmitted by the
antenna to the dobr of large of doubles its magnitude of signal peak reflection phenomenon
possibility of double signal.

5. What is the effect of the line with loss in voltage and current waves?

Every transmission line internally possesses a finite resistance, which causes unavoidable power
losses of the circulating signal through the line. This loss is directly proportional to the length of
the line, that is to say, the greater the length, the greater the internal resistance and the greater the
loss of power. The losses in the conductor can vary from a small amount of receivers per hundred
meters in rigid coaxial cables with air dielectric, up to two hundred decibels per hundred meters
in a rigid rigid dielectric line. Because the resistance is distributed along the transmission line, lap
time by heating the conductor is directly proportional to the square length of the line. In addition,
because power dissipation is directly proportional to the square of the current, the loss of the
conductor is inversely proportional to the characteristic impedance. An alternative to reduce
conductor losses is simply to cut the transmission line, or to use a more diameter wire. large (it
must be taken into account that changing the diameter of the cable also changes the characteristic
impedance and, consequently, the current)