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NPL Flatness Interferometer

The document discusses the working of an NPL flatness interferometer. It begins by providing background on interferometers, noting that they are widely used to measure small displacements, refractive index changes, and surface irregularities by splitting light into two beams and recombining them to produce interference fringes. It then explains the working of the NPL flatness interferometer, which uses a mercury vapor lamp, pinhole, and optical flat to project parallel light onto a gauge, forming interference fringes that indicate if its surface is flat or has an error. Finally, it discusses applications of interferometry like precisely calculating flatness, an important metric for technical components requiring accuracy in construction and assembly.

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Moula Moulali
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5K views6 pages

NPL Flatness Interferometer

The document discusses the working of an NPL flatness interferometer. It begins by providing background on interferometers, noting that they are widely used to measure small displacements, refractive index changes, and surface irregularities by splitting light into two beams and recombining them to produce interference fringes. It then explains the working of the NPL flatness interferometer, which uses a mercury vapor lamp, pinhole, and optical flat to project parallel light onto a gauge, forming interference fringes that indicate if its surface is flat or has an error. Finally, it discusses applications of interferometry like precisely calculating flatness, an important metric for technical components requiring accuracy in construction and assembly.

Uploaded by

Moula Moulali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Title Page: The title page introduces the project on NPL Flatness Interferometer, including submission details.
  • Introduction: The introduction outlines the basic function and significance of interferometers in scientific and industrial applications.
  • Diagram and Description: This section presents a diagram of the interferometer setup and explains its function for checking flatness between gauge surfaces.
  • Working: Details the operational process of the interferometer, describing how light is used to measure flatness accurately.
  • Applications: Discusses various applications of interferometry in industry and manufacturing, emphasizing accuracy and precision.
  • Conclusion: Concludes the presentation with a closing remark.

NPL FLATNESS SUBMITTED BY:-P.

MOWLALI

INTERFEROMETER ROLL NO :-17695A0352

MECH :-D SECTION


4TH YEAR 1ST SEM
INTRODUCTION

Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of small
displacements, refractive index changes and surface irregularities.

In most interferometers, light from a single source is split into two beams that travel in different
optical paths, which are then combined again to produce interference; however, under some
circumstances, two incoherent sources can also be made to interfere.

The resulting interference fringes give information about the difference in optical path lengths.
In analytical science, interferometers are used to measure lengths and the shape of optical
components with nanometer precision; they are the highest precision length measuring
instruments existing.
NPL flatness interferometer
WORKING

• The light from a mercury vapour lamp is condensed and passed through a green filter,
resulting in a green monochromatic light source.
• The light will now pass through a pinhole, giving an intense point source of monochromatic
light.
• Therefore, the collimating lens projects a parallel beam of light onto the face of the gauge to
be tested via an optical flat.
• This results in the formation of interference fringes.
• The light beam, which carries an image of the fringes, is reflected back and directed by 90°
using a glass plate reflector.
• In Fig. (a), the fringes are parallel and equal in number on the two surfaces. Obviously, the two
surfaces are parallel, which means that the gauge surface is perfectly flat.
• On the other hand, in Fig. (b), the number of fringes is unequal and, since the base plate
surface is ensured to be perfectly flat, the work piece surface has a flatness error.
APPLICATIONS
• Interferometry is one of the precise methods for calculation of flatness.
• Flatness is defined as the geometrical concept of a perfect plane. It is an important function in
construction of many technical components where accuracy is a required criterion.
• It is a reliable boundary plan for linear dimension.
• It also provides locating planes for dependable mounting or assembly of manufactured parts.
• Considering the functional role of flatness, the measurement of that condition on the operating
surface of manufactured parts is often an important operation of the dimensional inspection
process.
• There are various methods and instruments available for measuring the flatness of a plane.
• The choice of the best-suited method is governed by various factors, such as size and shape
of the part, the area to be inspected, its accessibility and intersection with other surfaces and
the desired degrees of measuring accuracy.
THANK YOU

NPL FLATNESS INTERFEROMETER SUBMITTED BY:-P.MOWLALI ROLL NO :-17695A0352 MECH :-D SECTION 4TH YEAR 1ST SEM
Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive index changes
NPL flatness interferometer
• The light from a mercury vapour lamp is condensed and passed through a green filter, resulting in a green monochromatic li
• Interferometry is one of the precise methods for calculation of flatness. • Flatness is defined as the geometrical concept
THANK YOU

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