University of Sargodha M.A/M.Sc Part-1 / Composite, 1" -A/2013 Mathematics-I1 Algebra Maximum Marks: 100 Time Allowed: 3 Hours Note: Objective part is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from subjective part. ’ Objective Part ee Qi Write short answer of the following. (20) i If His subgroup of a group G then show that H GNo(H). ii, Define torsion lement. iii. Show that (a, bc] =[a, b]fa, c}’. iv. Define simple groups. v. Define Characteristic subgroup. vi. Find the dual basis ¢,, @2corresponding to the basis fe tae Ke Show that the annihilator of a subset W of a vector space Visa subspace of vil. If Vbe a vector space and Sis a subset of ¥ then show that L(L(S)) = £(S) ix. Find characteristic polynomial A(t) of the matrix Ei 5] x. Show that the mapping F (x,y, 2) = (|x|, y + 2) is not linear. Subjective Part a. IfH and K be two subgroups of a group G then show that HK is also a subgroup of (10) Gif and Only 1K = KIT. 7 _ ee . State and prove Langrang’s theorem. (a0) Q3, a. Show that the number of elements in a conjugacy class C, of an element a ina (10) - ‘group G is equal to the index of its normalizer in G. b. If 6:66 is an epimorphism, then show that G/K is isomorphic to G’ (10) where K = Ker Q.4. a. If V and W be two vector spaces over the same field F and Tis an isomorphism (10) from V to WV then show that 7 mapps basis of V onto basis of W. b. Suppose {v1, V2...» Ya} is a basis of vector space V over K. Let Pu Gar Gade (10) the linear functionals defined by o:(Vj)) = dy = i '=J then show that Oifi #j {Ou ba. Gn} is a basis of 7. Q5. a If V has finite dimension and dim = dimU. Suppose 7 : VU is any linear (10) ‘mapping then show that T'is nonsingular iff itis isomorphism. b. Suppose v1, ¥2,..- Va are non zero eigenvectors corresponding to distinct (10) eigenvalues Ay)Az,~---An- Then show that v1, V2 v, are linearly independent. Q.6. a. Consider the vector space P(é) with inner product < f,g >= SG Fg). Apply (10) Gram-Schmidt algorithm to the set {1, , ?} to obtain an orthogonal set {fi fi, /2} with integral coefficients. b. Let A be a real positive definite matrix. Then show that the function =u"Av (10) is an inner product on ". a. If F: Vol be a nonsingular linear mapping then the image of any linearly (10) independent set is linearly independent. b. State and prove Cayley Hamilton theorem. (10) Available at www.mathcity.org