Paker + Intelligent Gel Plug

Technical Introduction

Feb. 2017
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
Basic method
Brief Introduction (Packer)

Retrievable Packer
BHA
Slips connector 2.125"+Motor head 2.125"+
Running tools 2.125" + retrievable PKR
Brief Introduction (Intelligent gel plug)

Plug
Liquid
Chemical cross link

Chemical breaker

Can be easily pumped from CT

Crosslinking time is adjustable

Intelligent
High capacity of pressure-bearing

2017/2/22 Can be easily broken and flow back

Wednesday
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
Feature & Function
Feature (intelligent gel plug)
The viscosity of the gel plug ＜130cp before cross-linked so that it
can be easily pumped.
No hydrolysis and precipitation.
Crosslinking time is adjustable.
The pressure-bearing is high from 30℃ to 170℃.
The length of gel plug is 80m, the capacity of pressure-bearing is 6000psi
(96℃）.
The excellent acid or soda tolerance.
With breaker ,the gel plug can be broken.
Become low viscosity fluid and flow back easily .
Feature & Function
Function
Circulation loss control during drilling
During well drilling circulation loss is the main reason for
down time. The high strength gel plug can be used.

Well completion or workover without kill the well

During well completion or workover operation, the cost of
mechanical plug is high. Gel plug can be easily pump by
drill pipe or coiled tubing to target site for reservoirs isolation.
Preventing water leaking during gas drilling
Gas drilling technology will be restrict when water leaks from
some intervals. Gel plug can block water zone easily and
makes gas drilling safely.
 Feature & Function
SPE-178986-MS
 Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
 7000psi /270℉-315℉
 Depth：15,000ft
 H2S :8% mol.
 CO2: 4% mol.
 Completed with 4-1/2” slotted liner at bottom
 Completed with 4-1/2” tubing at the top.
 Initial production: 16.1 MMSFCD with FWHP: 1,424 psi.
 Duration: 7 years
 Operation: The reservoir needs to be isolated for the scale
cleanout operation.
 Isolation: Temporary gel plug
 Volume of TGP: Enough to cover the production liner down to
the top of the slotted liner.

Fig1 Temporary gel plug placement

 Feature & Function
SPE-178986-MS

 The isolation technique for depleted reservoir of Well X

needed to be customized by utilizing the TGP(temporary gel
plug) to seal off the productive zone.
 The TGP proved to be efficiently sealing the reservoir during
the cleanout process.
 The reservoir condition was restored after the operation. This
proved that the TGP is easily removed using regular jetting
nozzle with HPCT.
 The successful isolation of the reservoir eliminated the use of
solids such as cement slurry that brings higher risk damaging
the reservoir.
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Gel Plug Recipe
According to the basis date of AZNN, temperature is 95℃

NO. Crosslinker Ratio Temp,℃ Crosslinking Time

1 100:1.0:0.3 96 490min

2 100:1.25:0.3 96 290min
Adjustable
3 100:1.5:0.3 96 210min(optimal)

4 100:1.75:0.3 96 185min

Considering the wellsite operation process, we decided to use

100:1.5:0.3 (100 base fluid + 1.5 crosslinker + 0.3 activator)
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation

Viscosity
VS
Temperature

After 50 min the viscosity start to increase, after 210 min the gel totally loss liquidity,
after 500 min the viscosity increase to the maximum value about 4000 Cp. When the gel
is crosslinked, it can resist high pressure.
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation

Anti-pollution
Recipe：100:1.5:0.3，mix 10% crude oil，96℃

We prepared the gel plug (100:1.5:0.3), meanwhile mix 10% crude

oil. Observed the mixture and recorded the viscosity every 30min.
unaffected by the crude oil
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation

unaffected by the salinity water

unaffected by the acid or soda
unaffected by the acid gas
unaffected by the “ acid + salinity water + crude oil”
unaffected by the PH
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Break time
 With breaker
96℃， afterbreak
Any time 12 hours theplug:
the gel viscosity less than 150cp.
 RIH
Without breaker
CT insert gel plug and flush with fresh
96℃，the packer decread after the 18 th day. That means
water @ max rate.
the packer viscosity decreace from the 18th day to the 28th
day, until the 28th day the viscosity less than 150cp.

The test result of gel plug can be used for the job.
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test

1. Pump gel plug into the 5 ½ casing

2. Keep the temp at 96℃
3. Waitting for gel.
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test

1. Pressure test (water)

2. Until gel plug move or water flow
out
3. Record the pressure
4. The pressure means Max. Pressure-
bearing.
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test

Pressure-bearing test result

The length of gel plug Pressure-bearing
NO.
m MPa
1 1.4 1.5 (217.5psi)
2 2.6 2.6 (377.1psi)
3 4.1 3.2 (464.1psi)
4 6.5 5.3 (768.7psi)
5 9.5 6.5 (942.7psi)
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test

The result generate curve

Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test
Y: Pressure-bearing
Y = 0.623 X + 0.813 X: the length of gel plug

m  g  P  S 2  f  S1
S2
P  4 f  h/D - ρgh P  ( f  S1 - m  g ) / S2
S1
P  ( f  S1 - m g) / S2
P: Max. pressure-bearing
f: friction factor
D: ID of casing
h: the length of gel plug
Feature & Function
Performance Evaluation
Pressure-bearing test

P = 0.623 h + 0.813 P  4f  h/D - ρ gh

f = 19740N/m2
7” casing, if the length of gel plug is 80m, the max pressure-bearing is
6000Psi（41.36MPa）
4 1/2” casing, if the length of gel plug is 52.17m, the max pressure-
bearing is 6000Psi（41.36MPa）

The capacity of pressure-bearing of gel plug

can be used for the job.
 Feature & Function
Crosslinking time
be easily pumped can be controlled

gel unaffected by
Anti pollution the acid or soda
packer

The pressure-bearing Can be easily broken

match the required and flow back
Feature & Function
Key Point
Have enough time to mix and pump the gel plug.
gel plug can be easily pumped because the initial viscosity of the gel
plug ＜130cp
Crosslinking time 220min @ 96℃. note: crosslinking time adjustable.
The length of gel plug is 80m, the capacity of pressure-bearing is
6000psi (96℃）.

Unaffected by the acid or soda or salinity water or oil or the mixture.

With breaker ,the gel plug can be broken in 12 hours.
Without breaker ,the gel plug can be broken in 28days.

2017/2/22 Wednesday
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
AZNS Analysis

Packer + gel plug

1. Reservoir be isolated
2. Protect the formation
3. High efficiency
4. Shorten operation period
AZNS Analysis

Retrievable Packer Key Procedure (e.g. 2557.5m)

1. RIH CT with BHA (check valve 2.125"+rotary spinning wash
nozzle 2.125") to 2725m and tag it then mark the tubing
2. POOH so slowly to 2557.5m and mark the CT on counter if
required
3. Wash interval 2550.7m-2573.6m by diesel several times
4. POOH to surface and change BHA to (Slips connector
2.125"+Motor head 2.125"+Running tools 2.125"+retrievable
PKR)
5. Run packer in hole at a moderate rate to prevent damage to the
element
AZNS Analysis

Retrievable Packer Key Procedure (e.g. 2557.5m)

6. RIH CT to setting required depth, insert setting ball(0.50") into
tubing then pumping.
7. Pump the ball to about 2000ft, then allow it to free fall down
the remainder of the way. (note: don’t pump the ball into the
ball seats)
8. When the ball lands in the ball seats apply pressure gradually
to inflate the packing element. Inflate element in 500 psi
increments waiting for 10min at each pressure change and
press-up slowly until the ball seat shears out.
AZNS Analysis

Retrievable Packer Key Procedure (e.g. 2557.5m)

9. Injecting polymer into the formation (now can be injected into

the formation between PKR and intelligent gel plug ).
10. Displace the CT by adequate fluid for cleaning the coiled tubing
and make the path for drop ball
11. Inserting the equalizing ball (0.625") into the tubing and pump to
bottom
12. To deflate the packing element and release the PKR. Waitting for
30min for completely deflate
13. POOH CT to surface.
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
Case Study
SHALE GAS WELL IN SICHUAN,CHINA (wei204H7-3)

Planned fracturing 22stages in 3730-5195m,

1465m interval
Case Study
SHALE GAS WELL IN SICHUAN,CHINA

 First stage fractured on Aug 25th 2015.

 When RIH bridge plug for the 2nd stage, blocked at 3693m.

 gel plug is used for temporary block first fractured interval.

3477.74m TVD
5260.00m MD
3552.54m TVD
3730.00m MD
Case Study
SHALE GAS WELL IN SICHUAN,CHINA
Pressure test in casing 139.70mm
NO. height of plug/cm MOVE PRESSURE /MPa
1 21.5 0.51
2 17.5 0.46
3 13.5 0.42
4 9.5 0.37
5 5.5 0.32 实际折线
0.55 拟合曲线

Gel plug pressure Y=0.0118x+0.2574，x

0.50

0.45

is length of plug. When x=70m，plug

承压/MPa
0.40

pressure Y=82.8MPa (12009psi). 0.35

Y=0.0118x+0.2574

0.30
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
智能凝胶高度/cm
Case Study
SHALE GAS WELL IN SICHUAN,CHINA

BHT120℃，pump liquid gel by CT in 2hours for 5117-5187m，

breaking after 7days.

When x=70m (5117-5187m),

Y=0.0118x+0.2574=82.8MPa (12009psi)。

Gel Plug
Case Study
SHALE GAS WELL IN SICHUAN,CHINA
Successful fracturing after plugging (wei204H7-3)

Fracturing after plugging, which show gel plug pressure-bearing is 72.87MPa(10568.9psi)。

2017/2/22 Wednesday
 Content

Brief Introduction

Feature & Function

AZNS Analysis

Case Study

Conclusion
Conclusion
AZNS “Paker + Intelligent gel plug”

1. Cross link time is 210min, which can match the operation requirements
2. Low viscosity allows pumping through CT . After cross-link, the gel can block
the severe loss formation.
3. “Packer + Intelligent Gel Plug” can make sure the polymer be pumped into
the required space. (for acidizing, acid-fracturing, etc)
4. Protect the formation.
5. Can be easily broken and flow back.
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