TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department

RESIDENTIAL ENERGY AUDIT

MEE 2

Submitted by:
Antonio, Kenneth
Datangel, Henry
Gagote, Zandro
Nadong, Anne Marie Jennifer
Relunea, Raymark

Submitted to:
Engr. Nelson Dela Peña
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 3
Characteristics of Energy Consumption at Residential Unit ……………………………………. 4
Energy Cost Centers …………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Cause and Effect Diagram …………………………………………………………………….. 11
Actual Energy Audit and Quantifying …………………………………………………………. 11
Energy Consumption Equations ……………………………………………………………….. 16
Pareto Diagram ………………………………………………………………………………… 18
Energy Conservation Opportunities …………………………………………………………… 22
Implementation Strategies ……………………………………………………………………... 22
Possible Savings ……………………………………………………………………………….. 23
Discussion of Results ………………………………………………………………………...... 23

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INTRODUCTION

The opportunity to conduct Energy Audit in Nadong’s Residence will help Conservation of
Energy as possible as we look into Energy Cost Centers and Energy Intensity in relation to
sustainability and maintenance of the family needs

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CHARACTERISTICS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION

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House Dimensions

House Section Raw Dimensions(mxm) Area(sq.m)

Store 1.25x4.25 5.3125

Bedroom 4.5x2.5 11.25

Living room 4.5x1.75 7.875

Laundry Area 2x2.5 5

Kitchen and Dining 2x4.25 8.5

Comfort room 2x1.5 3

Total 40.94

Building Component

 House to audited belongs to an apartment type building (Area Considered is on the ground
floor)
 On the three sides of the house stands other residential structures.
 Walls of the house are neatly painted
 Average temperature on 3 visits is 27.2°C

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Share of Electricity Consumption

Power Working Electric Share

Consumption Time per Consumption per
per Unit Unit Year
Units Quantity W h/Year kWh/Year %

Lighting 1 48 7300 350.4 15.7

System
Rice Cooker 1 300 4 1.2 0.1

Speaker 1 10 6 0.1 0.0

Refrigerator 1 122 8740 1066.3 47.8

Electric Fan 4 60 1840 441.6 19.8

Washing 2 560 120 134.4 6.0

Machine
Flat Iron 1 1000 112 112.0 5.0

Air 1 1020 94 95.9 4.3

Conditioning
Television 1 16 1820 29.1 1.3

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Floor Plan

Floor Area: roughly 40 sq. meters

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ENERGY COST CENTERS

A.) Kitchen

Electricity
1 bulb
1 stove
1 rice cooker
1 refrigerator
1electric fan

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B.) Laundry

Electricity
1 bulb
2 washing machine

C.) Bathroom

Electricity
1 bulb
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D.) Bedroom

Electricity
1 bulb
1 flat iron
1 air conditioning unit
2 electric fan

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E.) Living room

Electricity
1 bulb
1 television
1speaker
1 electric fan

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CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM

The increase of the energy consumption of a household may be rooted from many causes.
The causes may change based on the household that the researchers are targeting. For the
household referenced on this audit, the causes of higher energy consumption is the change of
season specifically Christmas and summer, the increase of consumers due to the arrival of
visitors and the increase in gadget charging time due to most probably addiction.
Energy consumption may vary due to the changes in the season. During summer, the
temperature rises dramatically resulting to the need for the different ventilating units, specifically
the electric fan and air conditioner. This in line with the school vacation of the students that
result to the increase of consumer, is the main reasons for the increase of energy consumption for
summer. On the other hand, Christmas is the season of parties that will obviously lead to the
increase of energy consumption of any household.
Visitors also causes higher energy consumption because they will add to the household as
an energy consumer.
Gadget addiction is a more complex reason that can only be explained using psychology.
But its main effect to the increase of energy consumption of a household is due to the increase of
the amount of energy a consumer used.

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ACTUAL ENERGY AUDIT AND QUANTIFYING

November
Monthly Usage (in
Peso per kw hr
hours/month)
Total Total cost in
Appliances kW off-
peak peak off-peak kW peso per
peak
hour hour hour hr/mo. mo.
hour
Kitchen
Bulb 0.012 7.03 3.515 206 154 4.32 23.87388
Electric Fan 0.06 7.03 3.515 60 45 6.3 34.7985
Rice Cooker 0.3 7.03 3.515 6.1 1.4 2.25 14.3412

Refrigerator 0.122 7.03 3.515 330 390 87.84 450.2715

Laundry

20.47136
Washing
Machine w/o 0.32 7.03 3.515 6.8 4.6 3.648
Dryer

Washing
Machine w/ 0.6 7.03 3.515 16 15 18.6 99.123
Dryer
Bulb 0.012 7.03 3.515 15 14.5 0.354 1.87701
Sala
Television 0.016 7.03 3.515 140 30 2.72 17.4344

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 Bulb 0.012 7.03 3.515 135.6 75 2.5272 14.602716
Speaker 0.01 7.03 3.515 5 2 0.07 0.4218
Electric Fan 0.06 7.03 3.515 60 95 9.3 45.3435
Store

13.1461
Bulb 0.02 7.03 3.515 60 67 2.54

Bathroom
Bulb 0.012 7.03 3.515 67 45.5 1.35 7.57131
Bedroom
Electric Fan 0.06 7.03 3.515 65 250 18.9 80.142
Electric Fan 0.06 7.03 3.515 70 260 19.8 84.36
Flat Iron 1 7.03 3.515 12 0 12 84.36
Aircon 0.746 7.03 3.515 0 0 0 0
0
Full Charge peso Charging
Miscellaneou
Capacity per Consumption per Day
s
(mAh) kwhr (W-hr/day)
Phone 1 Vivo 3500 5.365 17.5 0.525 2.816625
Phone 2 Vivo 3500 5.365 21 0.66 3.5409
Phone 3 Vivo 3500 5.365 15 0.45 2.41425
Phone 4
4500 5.365 15 0.45 2.41425
Samsung
194.604
Total: 1003.324301
2

December

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 Monthly Usage (in
Peso per kw hr
hours/month)
Total Total cost
Appliances kW off-
peak peak off-peak kW in peso per
peak
hour hour hour hr/mo. mo.
hour
Kitchen
Bulb 0.012 7.153 3.576 120 140 3.12 16.308
Electric Fan 0.06 7.153 3.576 18 17.2 2.112 11.415672
Rice Cooker 0.3 7.153 3.576 4 2.3 1.89 11.05104
Refrigerator 0.122 7.153 3.576 341 403 90.768 473.396722
Laundry

Washing
16.022208
Machine w/o 0.32 7.153 3.576 5.4 3.2 2.752
Dryer

Washing
Machine w/ 0.6 7.153 3.576 14 11 15 83.6868
Dryer
Bulb 0.012 7.153 3.576 14.12 12.14 0.31512 1.732956
Sala
Television 0.016 7.153 3.576 132 22.3 2.4688 16.3830528
Bulb 0.012 7.153 3.576 135.6 75 2.5272 14.8577616
Speaker 0.01 7.153 3.576 1.5 1 0.025 0.143055
Electric Fan 0.06 7.153 3.576 37.3 96 7.998 36.606174
Store
Bulb 0.02 7.153 3.576 60 67 2.54 13.37544
Bathroom
Bulb 0.012 7.153 3.576 67 45.5 1.35 7.703508

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 Bedroom
Electric Fan 0.06 7.153 3.576 30 203.1 13.986 56.452536
Electric Fan 0.06 7.153 3.576 30 203.1 13.986 56.452536
Flat Iron 1 7.153 3.576 12 0 12 85.836
Aircon 0.746 7.153 3.576 0 0 0 0
0
Full Charge Peso Charging
Miscellaneou
Capacity per kw Consumption per Day
s
(mAh) hr (W-hr/day)
Phone 1 Vivo 3500 5.365 17.5 0.525 2.816625
Phone 2 Vivo 3500 5.365 21 0.66 3.5409
Phone 3 Vivo 3500 5.365 16 0.46 2.4679
Phone 4
4500 5.365 14 0.43 2.30695
Samsung
174.913
Total: 912.5558364
1

January
Monthly Usage (in
Peso per kw hr
hours/month)
Total
Appliances kW off- Total cost in
peak peak off-peak kW
peak peso per mo.
hour hour hour hr/mo.
hour
Kitchen
Bulb 0.012 6.549 3.275 120 140 3.12 14.93256
Electric Fan 0.06 6.549 3.275 12 11.3 1.398 6.93573
Rice Cooker 0.3 6.549 3.275 2 1.4 1.02 5.3049
Refrigerator 0.122 6.549 3.275 234 321 67.71 315.216402
Laundry

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 Washing
Machine w/o 0.32 6.549 3.275 6.1 3.2 2.976 16.137248
Dryer
Washing
Machine w/ 0.6 6.549 3.275 6.3 3.5 5.88 31.63272
Dryer
Bulb 0.012 6.549 3.275 10.23 2.1 0.14796 0.88648524
Sala
Television 0.016 6.549 3.275 122 76 3.168 16.766048
Bulb 0.012 6.549 3.275 120.1 53 2.0772 11.5213188
Speaker 0.01 6.549 3.275 0 0 0 0
Electric Fan 0.06 6.549 3.275 28.7 63.4 5.526 23.735478
Store
Bulb 0.02 6.549 3.275 60 67 2.54 12.2473
Bathroom
Bulb 0.012 6.549 3.576 67 45.5 1.35 7.217892
Bedroom
45.547422
Electric Fan 0.06 6.549 3.275 21.3 189.2 12.63

Electric Fan 0.06 6.549 3.275 21.3 189.2 12.63 45.547422

Flat Iron 1 6.549 3.275 6 2 8 45.844
Aircon 0.746 6.549 3.275 0 0 0 0

Full Charge peso Charging

Miscellaneous Capacity per Consumption per Day
(mAh) kwhr (W-hr/day)
Phone 1 Vivo 3500 4.9119 15.3 0.41 2.013879
Phone 2 Vivo 3500 4.9119 18 0.51 2.505069
Phone 3 Vivo 3500 4.9119 13.7 0.32 1.571808

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 Phone 4
4500 4.9119 10.9 0.27 1.326213
Samsung
131.683
Total: 606.889895
1

ENERGY CONSUMPTION EQUATIONS

Meralco Based Peak Hours and Off-peak hours Relation

Variation in Electricity
Cost on a Single Day Basis
X = energy cost per kwhr
on peak hours
1.5
FACTOR FOR X

1
0.5
0

DAILY TIME FRAME

Monday to Saturday

Variation in Electricity
Cost on a Single Day Basis
X = energy cost per kwhr
on peak hours
1.5
FACTOR FOR X

1
0.5
0

DAILY TIME FRAME

Sunday

Additional Formulas

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𝑥+0.5𝑥
= Ave. Kwh cost
2

On each appliance
Kilowatt-hour per month
=kilowattage {(hr/mo. Usage) 𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 +(hr/mo. Usage) 𝑂𝑓𝑓−𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 }

Total cost per month

ℎ𝑟 ℎ𝑟
=kilowattage {[( 𝑡/𝑘𝑤ℎ)(𝑚𝑜 𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒)]𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 +[( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡/𝑘𝑤ℎ)(𝑚𝑜 𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒)]𝑂𝑓𝑓−𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 }

Over-all
Over-all cost = Σtotal cost/month of all appliances
Over-all Energy Consumption = Σtotal kwh/month of all appliances

PARETO DIAGRAM

Theoretical

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 KITCHEN APPLIANCES

120

100
KWH RATINGS

80

60

40

20

0
November December January
MONTHS

Bulb Electric Fan Rice Cooker Refrigerator

LAUNDRY APPLIANCES

25

20
KWH RATINGS

15

10

0
November December January
MONTHS

Washing Machine w/o Dryer Washing Machine w/ Dryer Light Bulb

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 LIVING ROOM APPLIANCES

16
14
12
KWH RATINGS

10
8
6
4
2
0
November December January
MONTHS

Television Light Bulb Speaker Electric Fan

BEDROOM APPLIANCES

60

50
KWH RATING

40

30

20

10

0
November December January
MONTHS

Electric Fan 1 Electric Fan 2 Flat Iron Aircon

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 MISCELLANEOUS APPLIANCES

2.5

2
KWH RATINGS

1.5

0.5

0
November December January
MONTHS

VIVO 1 VIVO 2 VIVO 3 SAMSUNG

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 Minor To Major Energy Consuming Center List

 Bathroom
 Store
 Sala or Laundry (may interchange)
 Bedroom
 Kitchen

ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICIES

Water Source
 Don’t leave the water running while rinsing
 Use minimal amount of detergent while washing dishes
 Keep a container of drinking water in the fridge
 Cook food with minimal water
 Examine faucets and toilets for leaks
 Turn off the faucet while brushing your teeth
 Take shorter showers
 Recycling of waste waters
 Insulate your water pipes

Electricity Source
 Use fan during summer for air circulation
 Check that the lights are off when not in use
 Avoid frequent and unnecessary openings of refrigerator
 Replace your standard light with Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL)

IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIES
 Create a rules and regulation inside the house
 Educate the children the different conservation techniques
 Set up rewards and punishments for those who breaks and adheres the rule

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POSSIBLE SAVINGS
 It was observed that Nadong Family is ironing clothes individually. This lead to inefficient
and uneconomical usage of the device. As we all know, left over heat from the flat iron is
still useful but it will not be the case if a family does the work individually

 From an average consumption of 10kwhr/month, it may go down at least 8kwhr a month.

Also if it’s done on Sundays where off-peak periods are on a high range, cost is expected
to go down

 Whenever someone’s sleep is interrupted and at the same time she feels cold, she may turn
off the cooling devices so that she will not be bothered and at the same time, energy and
money is saved

DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
• As the team compares the trend of the 3-month observation of Nadong Family’s energy
consumption, it is found that the monetary cost of their electrical necessity decreased in
value in reference to both actual and theoretical Pareto diagrams shown. Partly, it could be
assumed that the monitoring had been a factor for this occurrence. Yet, this project is
eyeing to help the consumption rates be within the control for the succeeding months.
• Observed Errors on the actual and theoretical consumption rates
𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 −𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
From %error in cost = x100
𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
1033.41−1003.32
%errorNov = x100=2.91%
1033.41
963.34−912.56
%errorDec = x100=5.27%
963.34
609.08−606.89
%errorJan = x100=0.36%
609.08

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