NMD 1D
1​ST​ ANATOMY EVALS​: ABDOMINAL CAVITY 1
PROFESSOR: Dr.Valdez
January 26,2018
1. Anterior abdominal muscle that flexes the
vertebra: ​Rectus Abdominis
2. Medial to the inferior epigastric vessels:
Direct Inguinal Hernia
3. Cremasteric fascia is derived from what layer
of the abdominal wall: ​Internal Oblique
4. Lateral to rectus abdominis: ​Linea
semilunaris
5. The right testicular vein drains: ​Inferior Vena
Cava
6. Man with testicular cancer:​ Para-aortic
7. 2 y.o brought to the clinic due to straw
colored fluid urine, with ammoniacal smell​:
Patent Urachus
8. Petit’s triangle: ​Lumbar triangle
9. Forms posterior wall of the inguinal canal:
Transversalis fascia
10. Origin of the external oblique muscle: ​Lower
8 ribs
11. Innervates central diaphragm: ​Phrenic
NERVE
12. Not found in the spermatic cord: ​Femoral
nerve
13. Remnant of allantois: ​Urachus
14. Does not transverse a muscle: ​Midline
incision
15. Iliac fossa is above the arcuate line: ​True
16. 65 year old mom has a bulge in lateral of
pubic tubercle below the inguinal ligament:
Femoral hernia
17. Direction of the natural lines of the
cleavages in the skin of the trunk: ​Horizontal
18. Forms the anterior wall of Inguinal canal:
Aponeurosis of the external ​and internal
oblique
19. Fixes 12th rib in inspiration, depressed 12th
rib in forced expiration: ​Quadratus lumborum
20. Not found in inguinal canal: ​Iliohypogastric
nerve
21. Tubular sheath of the penis: ​Scarpa’s fascia
/ Membranous
22. Fibrous tissue surrounds the testis: ​Tunica
albuginea
23. Responsible for cremasteric reflex:
Genitofemoral nerve
24. Tunica vaginalis a part of the processus
vaginalis:​ True
25. Nerve above the pubis: ​L1
26. 1 year old, enlarged scrotum with encysted
fluid: ​Hydrocele
27. Dartos muscle: ​Fascia of Camper
28. Formed in the lower most tendinous fibers
from internal oblique and transversus
abdominis: ​Conjoint tendon
29. An umbilical vein cathetherization, where to
insert tube? : ​12 o’clock
30. Forms the floor of the inguinal canal:
Inguinal ligament​ and lacunar ligament
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31. Layer of the abdominal wall where the
superficial inguinal ring found: ​External oblique
32. Patient diagnosed with pneumonia later
complained with epigastric pain. Epigastric pain
is referred from: ​T7
33. 2 year old was brought to the clinic due to
blood streaked stools. Merckel’s diverticulum.
The reason for intestinal bleeding: ​Gastric
mucosa might be present in the diverticulum
34. Origin of the rectus abdominis: ​Pubic crest
and symphysis pubis
35. Forms posterior wall of the anterior superior
iliac spine and pubis: ​Posterior wall is absent
36. Supplies upper central part of the abdomen:
Superior epigastric artery
37. Supply the lateral part of the abdominal
wall: ​Lumbar arteries
38. Caput medusa: ​Paraumbilical veins
39. Remnants of vitelline duct: ​Merckel’s
diverticulum
40. Origin of the external oblique: ​lower eight
ribs
41. Common site for infection: ​umbilicus
(omphalitis)
42. Level of testicular artery: ​L2
43. Testicular lymph nodes: ​Para aortic
44. Hematoma of the rectus sheath. What
blood vessels? Inferior epigastric ​(most often
on the right side below the level of the
umbilicus)
45. Site where the inferior and superior
epigastric vessels anastomose: ​Arcuate line
46. Found in the spermatic cord: ​genital portion
of the genitofemoral nerve
47. What belongs to the 9 regions of the
abdomen:​ Hypochondriac region
48. What incision is less invasive: ​Midline
49. Hernial sac descends through the femoral
canal within the femoral sheath, A swelling in
the upper part of the thigh deep to the deep
fascia.: ​Femoral Hernia
50. Equivalent to Scarpa’s fascia: ​Buck’s fascia
51. Forms the posterior wall of the Inguinal
canal: ​fascia transversalis
Inguinal canal
Anterior Wall: External oblique aponeurosis and
internal oblique laterally
Posterior Wall: Conjoint tendon medially and
fascia transversalis
Roof/Superior: Internal oblique and transversus
abdominis muscle
Floor/Inferior: Inguinal and Lacunar ligament
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2​nd​ ANATOMY EVALS​ ABDOMINAL CAVITY 2 and EMBRYOLOGY OF ABDOMEN 75items
PROFESSOR: ​Dr. Alalong, Dr. Peligro, Dr.Lu
February 1, 2018
1. What supplies the fundus?: Short gastric
arteries a branch of the ​splenic artery
2. What causes a ​left sided colon: ​90 degrees Ascending
3. stomach rotation: ​clockwise
4. Small intestine​: first rotation 90 degrees
counterclockwise
5. Ligament of treitz is attached to the: right
crus of the ​diaphragm
6. Which does not drain to the portal v.?
A. pancreatic
B. splenic
C. left gastric a.
D. i forgot
7. How do you locate the appendix?: Identifying
the ​teniae coli​ of the cecum and tracing them
to the base of the appendix.
8​. ​ The main pancreatic duct is derived from:
vental pancreatic duct
9. When you are operating and you suddenly hit
the gastrosplenic ligament what structure is
most affected: ​short gastric artery. (​part of
gastrosplenic ligament: left gastro epiploic
vessels​)
10. The main hepatic bud and its right and left
terminal branches now become canalized to
form the: ​common hepatic duct​.
11. ​Not a function of the adult liver –
erythropoiesis
12. ​ ​Sup mesenteric vein and splenic vein joins
to form the: ​Hepatic portal vein
13. What is not present in the large intestine:
plicae circulares (jejunum)
14.Most posterior part of the duodenum:
15. What mesentery is the liver derived: Ventral
mesentery of the pancreas
16. Tracheoesophageal anomaly with proximal
and distal esophagus have fistula connected to
the trachea​:​ E
17. What supplies the midgut: ​Superior
mesenteric artery
18. Where is the vagal trunk located to control
the acid-secretion of the stomach: ​lesser
curvature (​common site of ulcer​)
19. ​Inferior mesenteric vein joins to which
vein?: ​Splenic vein​ to join behind the body of
the pancreas receives the: superior rectal,
sigmoid and left colic v.
20. What is commonly accompanied​ by bladder
extrophy: ​Epispadia
21. ​Prone to urorectal: ​Male (​Retrovaginal ang
female​)
22. Initially grows without a lumen and
undergoes recanalization: ​Duodenum
23. ​what anomaly does not involve failure in
closing?: Omphalocele
24. Most common tracheaesophageal anomaly:
A
25. What anomaly presents a discontinuous
esophagus with a fistula on the distal
esophagus: ​A
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26. There is a referred pain felt around the
umbilicus due to appendicitis this is due to the
fibers that enter the spinal cord at the level of:
T10
27. What anomaly presents a discontinuous
distal esophagus with a fistula on the proximal
esophagus: ​D
28. What supplies the distal esophagus: ​Left
gastric artery
29. Part of duodenum in relation to epiploic
foramen.: ​First
30. Creates segmented appearance to the
colon: ​haustra
31. The gallbladder is in contact with the
anterior abdominal wall at what level of the
costal margin:​ ​9th ​
32. Hepatocytes:​ Endoderm​
33. Anus: ​ectoderm
34: Gastric mucosa: ​Mesoderm
35. pancreatic acini: ​Endoderm
36. Skin ng abdomen: ​Ectoderm
37. At what level does the esophagus start to lie
anteriorly of the aorta: ​T4 (​if completely ​T8)
38. Systemic tributaries counterpart of the
superior rectal veins of upper Anal canal -
middle rectal vein (​and inferior rectal​)
39. What belongs to the Cantrell of pentalogy:
Both​ (gastoschisis and ectopia cordis)
40. What organ is secondary retroperitoneal:
Pancreas
41. Creates anal opening: ​Proctodeum
42. Spleen develops as a thickening of the
mesenchyme in the: ​dorsal mesentery
43. What is associated with tracheoesophageal
anomaly: ​Polyhydramnios
44. Triangle of Calot borders (CHI) : ​c​ystic duct
common ​h​epatic duct, ​i​nferior part of the liver
45. Taeni coli has: ​3 bands
46. What organ is not directly related to the
spleen: ​jejunum
47. Ileum is thicker than the jejunum: ​FALSE
48. Solid stage of development: ​Duodenum
49. Anastomotic artery which is attached to the
large intestine border: ​Marginal a.
50. The ligament which is a vascular part of the
spleen: ​gastrosplenic ligament
51. ​Ulcer of the posterior wall of the 1st part of
duodenum may penetrate the wall and erode
the relatively what vessel that would result to a
severe hemorrhage: ​gastroduodenal artery
52. ​Where does dorsal and ventral pancreatic
bud meet
A. Dorsal surface
B. Ventral surface
53​. This is responsible for the closing to avoid
the release of cholecystokinin after eating a
fatty food​: Sphincter of Oddi
54. Main pancreatic ampulla naga pierce sa 3rd
part duodenum : ??
55. What produces the cholecystokinin:
Hepatocytes
55. NOT TRUE about something na ang gianswer
nko mag anastomose within pancreas and
spleen
NMD 1D
3rd ​ANATOMY EVALS​ RETROPERITONEAL SPACE 40 items
PROFESSOR: ​Dr. Taasan
February 15,2018
1.Interlobar a:​ cortex​ (run toward the cortex of anterior to the right kidney, except: ​splenic
each side of the pyramid)
2.Segmental a.-​NONE​ (not found in both
medulla and cortex-hilum)
3.Acuate a.-​Both medulla and cortex​ (found at
the junction)
4.Interlobular: ​cortex
5.Covering of the kidney: Fibrous Capsule,
Perirenal fat, Renal Fascia, Pararenal Fat: ​ALL OF
THE ABOVE
6. Vasa Recta - ​Renal Medulla
7. Glomerulus- ​cortex
8. Norepinephrine- ​Medulla
9. Glucocorticoids- ​Cortex
10. Pheochromocytoma - ​Adrenal Medulla
11. Addison’s – ​Cortex
12. Aldosterone - ​Adrenal Cortex
13.Cushing's disease- ​adrenal cortex
14. Sex Hormones-​ cortex
15. Loop of Henle – ​Renal Medulla
16.Normal urine output in adult- ​0.5cc/kg/hr
17. Normal urine output in children- ​1cc/kg/hr
18. True of kidney except- ​arise 1-2 minor
calyces (it should be 2-3 calyces)
19. The following are the organs that lie
flexure
20. Which among the following statements is
true?: ​Each kidney has a cortex that extends
into the medulla as renal columns
21. False about retroperitoneal space: ​it would
start at the 11th rib and 11th vertebrae.
22. False about ureter-​it passes through the
kidney then to anterior part of urinary bladder
(should be posterior)
23. Hepatic veins- ​Anterior visceral branch
24. Superior pancreaticoduodenal A.- ​Proper
Hepatic A.​ (a branch of a splenic artery)
25. Lumbar v.-​ Lateral Abdominal Wall Branch
26. Inferior Phrenic V. - ​Lateral Abdominal
tributary
27. Renal vein- ​none (branch of Lateral visceral)
28. Inferior mesenteric vein- ​portal vein
29. Internal Iliac vein- ​Tributary of origin
30. Which is false?- ​The interlobar arteries give
rise to afferent glomerular arterioles
(interlobular arteries)
31. Which is true about the suprarenal gland:
Separates the suprarenal gland from the
kidney- Perirenal Fat​ (mali tong yellow
brownish kay dapat YELLOW jud)
32. The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
arises from- ​superior mesenteric artery
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33. Short gastric artery arises from the-​splenic 35.

artery​ (a branch of celiac trunk) 36.
37.
34. The ureter has 3 constrictions except: ​None 38.
of the above (​pelvic brim, where the ureter 39.
enters the bladder, pelviureteric junction, 40.
below the bifurcation ​)

MIDTERMS
1st ​ANATOMY EVALS​ MALE AND FEMALE PELVIS
PROFESSOR: ​Dr.VALDEZ
MARCH 12, 2018

1. Distance of 1.5in or 4cm the instrument enters which segment: ​ampulla of rectum
2. At 6.5 from anal margin at what partit enters: ​rectosigmoidal junction
3. Why does sigmoid colon undergoes volvulus: ​due to its extreme mobility
4. What supplies the muscular coat, branch of internal iliac artery: ​middle rectal artery
5. Branch of internal iliac artery: ​middle rectal artery
6. Where does the the superior rectal vein drain: ​inferior​ ​mesenteric vein
7. Rectum is sensitive to: ​stretch
8. Where does left ovary drain: ​left renal vein
9. How many normal constrictions: ​3
10. Maximum capacity for urinary bladder to hold urine: ​500ml
11. Volume in which micturition is initiated: ​300ml
12. Renal calculi where tip of penis is painful:​ lower part pelvic
13. Mucous membrane which is always smooth: ​trigone
14. Body of uterus is bend backward into rectouterine pouch: ​retroverted
15. Uterus bent backward on the cervix: ​retroflexed
16. Micturition process: ​Contraction of dartos muscle relaxation of sphincter vesicae
17. Narrowest portion of the uterine tube: ​isthmus
18. Vessel To avoid during hysterectomy: ​ureter
19. Tumor at labium majora what is pulled: ​round ligament of uterus
20. Simplest rectum assessment: ​DIGITAL rectal examination (​digital means fingers)
21. Cave of reitzus: ​Retropubic space
22. Varicose veins during hemorrhage: ​Inferior vena cava
23. Basis of the position of hemorrhoids: ​blood supply
24. Where is Ovarian artery found in the abdominal aorta: ​L1
25. Posterior penetration of tumor At lower third of rectum which causes severe intractable pain
down the legs: ​Sacral plexus
26. Forms a sling anterior fiber of levator ani and anus: ​Anorectal angle
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27. Prostate part which are Devoid of glands: ​anterior lobe

28. Hypogastric pain due to appendicitis: ​pelvic appendix
29. attaches the ovary to the back of broad ligament: ​MESOVARIUM
30. Supports the upper third of the vagina: ​Levatores ani with ligaments ​weird ni kay sa choices ang
answer kay kto tanan except atong urogenital diaphragm
31. crosses the ureter as it enters the pelvic brim: ​Vas deferens
32. What lies anterior to the vagina: ​urinary bladder
33. Indicates the level where the upper half of the anal canal joins the lower half: ​Pectinate line
(book) ​other name dentate
34. At which part of the rectum does the peritoneum covers only the anterior surface: ​middle third
(1st third: laterala and anterior)
35. A 34year old developed rectal cancer: An anterior penetration in the male may involve the
prostate, seminal vesicles, or bladder; in the female, the ​vagina​ and uterus​ may be invaded.

2nd ​ANATOMY EVALS​ PERINEUM

PROFESSOR: ​Dr.VALDEZ and Dr.ALALONG
MARCH 26, 2018

1. Cremasteric Fascia: ​Internal Oblique Muscle

2. Camper's fascia: ​Dartos Muscle

3. Membranous Tubular sheath that covers penis and clitoris: ​Buck's fascia

4. What is not part of pelvic outlet?:

Pelvic outlet is formed by: posteriorly:sacrum and coccyx,
Sacrotuberous ligament
Ischial tuberosity
Pubic arch, inferior margin of symphysis, pubic rami and ischial rami

5. In a coronal view what lies most Anteriorly: ​Cave of Reitzus ​(Rectopubic space)

6. Best modality for Coronal view for Intern and External sphincter:​MRI (​provides superior soft tissue
contrast resolution for imaging the anatomy (best seen in T1-weighted) and pathology (best seen on
T2-weighted) of the pelvis .)

7. Where is the perineal body located:

Vestibule of Vagina And Anus

8. What is the most important muscle in pelvic diaphragm: ​Levator Ani M.

9 Forms a funnel shaped sling from Pubic arch to coccyx: ​Levator Ani M.
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10. Forms a sling from pubic arch encircling the anus: ​Puborectalis m.

11. What is not part of the Levator ani m (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus) .: ​Coccygeus M.

12. Muscle where pudendal nerve pierces.: ​Obturator internus m?

13. Responsible for erection:​S2 S3 S4

14. Greater Vestibular Gland is found in: ​Superficial Perineal Pouch

15. Equivalent of Paraurethral gland in Males: ​prostate

16.What is the equivalent of perineal membrane: ​Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm

17. What supports the middle third of the Vagina: ​Urogenital Diaphragm

18. What is the junction where there is transition in anal skin: ​PECTINATE LINE

19. Where does fecal material deposit: ​ampulla

20.Drains to the portal system: ​Superior rectal artery

21. What supplies the Superficial part of anus: ​inferior rectal nerve
(​and perineal branch of S4 nerve)

22. Supplies the vulva: posterior part (​Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh​, perineal nerve)
(Vagina:inferior hypogastric plexus)

23. Innervates superficial perineal pouch: ​perineal nerve (​branch of pudendal nerve)

24.Attached to the perineal body: ​external anal sphincter

25.In an axial view what is most posterior: ​PRESACRAL

26.What muscle compress the deep artery of the Female clitoris that cause erection: ​bulbospongiosus
m.
(​If male ischiocavernous m.)

27. Where does the erectile bodies drain: ​internal iliac nodes (​or external??)

28. First-line imaging modality for assessing both the male and female pelvic viscera: ​Ultrasonography

29. Viewing of pelvic outlet: ​Cephalad view (toward head)

30. Thick membranous something between anus and coccyx: ​ANOCOCCYGEAL BODY

31. Abnormal connection from round ligament to labia: ​canal of Nuck

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32. Which of the following is not true: ​infrapubic angle <90 in female (should be greater than 90)

33. Formed by the lateral wall of ischiorectal fossa on the medial side of ischial tuberosity: ​Pudendal
canal

34. Interruption of shenton line: ​Both ​(development of dysplasia of the hip, fractured neck of the femur)

35. the expanded portion of the cavity situated superior and anterior to the pelvic: ​GREATER PELVIS
(false pelvis, major pelvis—other ​terms)

36. Pudendal nerve leaves the mean pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen. After a brief
course in the gluteal region of the lower limb, it enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen
then the nerve pases forward in the pudendal canal.

37. Most common congenital anomaly affecting the male urethra wherein the external meatus is
situated on ventral of the penis: ​Hypospadia ​(if dorsal epispadia)

38. Supplies the superficial perineal pouch: ​perineal branch of pedundal nerve​??

39. Lower part of Anus drains at: ​Superficial inguinal lymph nodes(medial group)

40. What is found in the broad ligament: ​ovary

41. Content of Superficial perineal pouch:

(MALE: root of penis, erectile bodies
FEMALE: root of clitoris and erectile bodies--cliyorud crus, vestibule)

42. Inferior half of the anal canal is formed from the: ​Ectoderm of the Proctodeum (​sa choices may
ectoderm, meron rin proctodeum)

PREFINALS 
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