ENGR132

Project Name
Infrared thermometer with IR temperature sensor

Index Name ID Major Section

1 Eman alaqra 26949
2 Shahad alajmi 46589
3 Aisha alhewees 51877

(Course Professor)

Date: XXX

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 Fall 2019

Abstract :

Infrared thermometers (IR) helps to instantly measure the temperatures, which are
an arm throw away without necessary touching them. The infrared temperature sensor did
not only measure the body temperatures but also the temperature surfaces, component
temperatures, heat ventilation and many more others. The system used a thermal gun that
was built using MLX90614, which is a non-contact temperature sensor. This temperature
gun was built to ensure that the components that gets too hot when in use whose hotness
could go as high as 80°C and above do not burn the components as well as the fingers
holding. The designed and prototyped system used materials such as the OLED SSD1306.
Display that was used to form the part of digital display, which was used to show the value
of the value of the temperature. Apart from the MLX9064 sensor, Arduino Pro mini was
used to aid in the implementation of the hardware part of the system. The standard of
activity of Infrared thermometers is straightforward, all bodies at a temperature over 0
Kelvin (total zero) discharge an infrared vitality which can be identified by the infrared
thermometer sensor.

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Contents

Introduction 4
.1. 4
.2. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 LIMITATION AND CONSTRAINT 5
Application of the non-contact infrared thermometer with infrared temperature sensor: 5
Working of Infrared Thermometer using IR sensor: 5
Standards: 7
BIPM CCT-WG5: 7
MSL TG22 8
VDI: 8
ASTM 8
Constraints: 9
Flow diagrams: 9
Material used 14
MLX90614 sensor 14
LCD: 15
Arduino pro mini 15
Laser Diode 16
Thermal Gun 3D Model: 17
Working of Infrared Thermometer: 18
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 19
RECOMMENDATIONS 20
CONCLUSION: 20

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 Introduction
1.1.PROBLEM STATEMENT:

The existing thermometers can measure temperatures but in limited range and mostly
these thermometers must be too close to the objects in order to get the readings of the objects
temperature. Moreover, the thermometers do not give accurate readings of the temperatures.
Heating of other components and possibly the finger when taking the readings high temperatures
of associated objects was also another problem that have been on the rise. These reasons led to
the innovations of infrared thermometers which could easily give better readings of temperature
at a distance and even measure extremely high temperatures.
The problem of burning the fingers and other components when taking high temperature readings
was solved in this system by ensuring that thermal Gun was built and the infrared sensor
incorporated into it hence protecting your finger from burning.
1.2. OBJECTIVE:

Main
● To design and prototype a non-contact Infrared Thermometer with IR temperature sensor.

Specific :
● To show a digital displays values of the temperature readings.
● To allow the users to collect temperature readings at a distance without necessarily being
able to be in contact with the objects.
● To train users on how to handle and use the system.

1. 1.3 LIMITATION AND CONSTRAINT

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The main constraint of this project was enough time to actually design the thermal gun properly
using Cura software. Besides this, some of the hardware components used was quite difficult to
get in the market. The infrared temperature “MLX90614”sensor we used was not supported partly
in the Fritzing software we intended to use. This is also a major setback as actualizing the final
prototype of the system. Another constraint was the quality constraint, as we could not make the
non-contact thermometer to be quite small so as to fit in the pockets of users.

Application of the non-contact infrared thermometer with infrared temperature

sensor:
The infrared thermometer can be applied in various areas. The first areas this thermometer
is applied is areas where an object whose surface temperature is to be measure is surrounded by
electromagnetic fields. The infrared is also applied to areas where the response is needed in a
fraction of as second. T can also be used to detect clouds for remote telescope operation, checking
both the electrical and mechanical machines. In hospitals, the temperature is to be measured
without getting into contact with the patient. Finally t is applied in the processes that involves
heating and or cooling through monitoring of the materials used in such processes.

Working of Infrared Thermometer using IR sensor:

In spite of the fact that not visible to the human eye, all matters transmit infrared light
waves and the fixation shifts relying upon temperature. By distinguishing the IR beams, we can see
the temperature outspread. The MLX90614 thermometer sensor works utilizing this law.
MLX90614 is a ground-breaking infrared detecting gadget with an exceptionally low
commotion speaker and a 17-piece ADC. It empowers high precision and goals for the
thermometer. The best part about the MLX90614 is it comes aligned with a computerized SMBus
from the processing plant. This implies it will give a yield with high goals of 0.02°C and can
consistently move the deliberate temperature in the scope of - 20 to 120°C.
Infrared thermometers work on black body radiation. According to which any material with
a temperature above total zero has atoms moving inside it. The higher the temperature, the
quicker the atoms move. The atoms discharge infrared radiation as they move, and emanate more

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radiation, including obvious light, as they get more smoking. This is the reason a warmed metal
transmits a red or white shine. Infrared thermometers identify and measure this radiation.
Infrared light can be engaged, reflected or retained like noticeable light. Infrared
thermometers utilize a focal point to center infrared light from an item onto an indicator known
as a thermopile. The capacity of the thermopile is to assimilate infrared radiation and convert it to
warm. The thermopile gets more sizzling as it assimilates increasingly more infrared vitality. The
overabundance heat is changed over into power, which is transmitted to an identifier which
decides the temperature of the article.
For a thermal gun we need a sensor that could detect the temperature of a specific article
(not surrounding) without straightforwardly getting in contact with the item. For this reason we
have contact less temperature sensors which uses Laser or IR to ascertain the temperature of an
item. The MLX90614 is one such sensor that utilizations IR vitality to identify the temperature of
an article.
MLX90614 sensor is fabricated by Melexis Microelectronics Integrated framework, it has
two gadgets installed in it, one is the infrared thermopile identifier (detecting unit) and the other
is a sign molding DSP gadget (computational unit). It works dependent on Stefan-Boltzmann law
which expresses that all items transmits IR vitality and the power of this vitality will be legitimately
corresponding to the temperature of that article. The detecting unit in the sensor gauges the
amount IR vitality is discharged by a focused on object and the computational unit changes over it
into temperature esteem utilizing a 17-piece in-manufactured ADC and yields the information
through I2C correspondence convention. The sensor estimates both the article temperature and
surrounding temperature to align the item temperature esteem.
Since the Fritzing Software didn't bolster a section for MLX90614 sensor we have utilized a
note to make reference to its associations as appeared above, likewise we have utilized a red
shading LED instead of a laser diode. The whole circuit is controlled by the 9V battery through a
push button. At the point when the push button is squeezed the 9V battery is associated with the
RAW pin of Arduino which is then directed to 5V utilizing the on-board voltage controller. This 5V
is then used to control the OLED module, Sensor and Laser diode.
When the Arduino code is prepared we can transfer it to our equipment utilizing an outside
TTL software engineer or FTDI board since the ace smaller than normal doesn't have one ready. At

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that point just press the push catch to trigger the warm weapon and you will see the laser pillar
falling on the item and the temperature of the article being shown on the OLED screen as
demonstrated as follows. Here I have utilized it to quantify the temperature of a part as pointed
by the laser pillar.

Standards:
There are a few standards for IR and radiation thermometry. These guidelines originate
from both global and national guidelines bodies.

BIPM CCT-WG5:
In 2008, the BIPM CCT-WG5 on Radiation Thermometry discharged "Vulnerability Budgets
for Alignment of Radiation Thermometers beneath the Silver Point" . There are two parts of this
archive that block its utilization with adjustment of IR thermometers. In the first place, its degree
blocks instruments whose readout is straightforwardly in temperature, which incorporates
handheld IR thermometers. Second, it covers vulnerabilities for radiation thermometer alignments
utilizing blackbody cavities. Generally, handheld IR thermometers are adjusted utilizing level plate
calibrators as their radiation source. Despite the distinctions in aligning these two classes of
instruments, analogs exist between the blackbody plot examined by WG5 and the level plate
alignment plot examined in this paper. These likenesses are abridged in Table.

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MSL TG22
Estimation Standards Laboratory of New Zealand (MSL) has a specialized guide accessible on their
site alongside a spreadsheet to aid the utilization of figuring utilizing the Sakuma Hattori Equation.
The specialized guide is composed on an alignment professional level and is implied to address
handheld IR thermometer alignments incorporating those finished with level plate calibrators. It
plates a fundamental estimation condition in view of the Sakuma-Hattori Equation.

VDI:
The German benchmarks association, Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) has a progression of IR
Benchmarks accessible both in English and German. These benchmarks spread the subjects
including particulars, alignment and test strategies.

ASTM
The current ASTM standard identifying with IR thermometry covers various test strategies. In
expansion to this, there are presently work things covering temperature estimation for IR
thermometry and adjustment of IR thermometers. The temperature estimation work thing
incorporates a segment to help make computation of IR temperature estimation vulnerabilities
simpler. This segment incorporates numerical instances of figuring.

Constraints:
● Infrared thermometers are unable to measure liquid and gas temperature.
● Dirty, dusty, humidity affects the performance of IR thermometer.
● Accuracy is marginal depending upon the model.
● Expensive specialty meters.

Software Implementation:
1. Flow diagrams:

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Flowchart diagram for the SMBus write word

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The flowchart showing the SMBus for read word

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The flow chart for the MLX90614 Temperature sensor measurement

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The overall flow chart of the whole program

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 For the design and the prototype of the non-contact thermometer with infrared
temperature sensor to be successful we designed the casing for the temperature gun using a 3D
modeling software. We designed the casing using a software called solid works. The designed
casing as then printed out.

2. Material used
3. MLX90614 sensor

The MLX90614 sensor was used mainly because in this design we to use the thermal gun
needed a sensor that could sense the temperature of objects at a distance. The sensor uses
Infrared energy technology whereby the temperature of objects is detected. This sensor has two
devices infused into it. The former is the infrared thermopile detector and later is the signal
conditioning DSP device. This MLX90614 sensor uses the Stefan-Boltzmann principle. The principle
states that “all objects emit IR energy and the intensity of this energy will be directly proportional
to the temperature of that object.” The amount of the infrared energy emitted by the targeted
object is measured in the sensing unit of the sensor. This energy is later converted into a
temperature value via a 17- bit in built ADC. The sensor operates with a voltage of between 3.6 V
to 5V. It has a resolution of 0.02°C. The object temperature ranges from -70°C to 382.2°C. While
the ambient temperature ranges from -40°C to 125°C. Moreover, the sensor has a field of view of
80 degrees.

Figure 1 showing the MLX90614 sensor

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 1. LCD:
The LCD display consists of a register which is capable of storing data and commanding this
data to be displayed via the LCD. It consists of two modes namely: WRITE and READ modes. The
write mode commands to control the display, is written to the register like display clear, shift right
and the cursor. Moreover, in the write mode, the register is equally written with data which is
needed to be displayed on the display. The pin called Register select (RS) operates in two
conditions either as a command register or data register that’s when the pin is zero or one
respectively. The READ / WRITE selection is done through an R/W pin. It’s a “Write Mode” when
the R/W becomes equivalent to zero. It’s a “Read Mode” when the R/W becomes equivalent to
one.
The LCD displays the health parameters of the patient namely temperature and heart rate.
This will enable the patient monitor their parameters as they vary throughout even if his/her
phone is OFF.
The Arduino Uno was connected to the LCD display as illustrated below;
I connected 5V of the Arduino to VCC of the LCD display.
I connected GND of the Arduino to GND of the LCD display.
I connected A4 of the Arduino to the SDA of the LCD display.

Figure 2 showing the LCD

2. Arduino pro mini
An Arduino pro mini microcontroller was used. This is a microcontroller that is based on
the ATmega328p. The microcontroller we used had 14 digital input /output pins, 16MHz ceramic

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resonator, USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It had all the needed
requirements to help in the working of the microcontroller. The Arduino pro mini microcontroller
was connected directly to the computer using a USB cable. The designed Arduino pro mini circuit
acted as the interface between the software and the hardware part of the project. Through the
Arduino pro mini we were able to interface all the components to come up with the non-contact
thermometer with the infrared temperature sensor.

Figure 3 showing Arduino pro mini

3.
4. Laser Diode
We used laser Diode instead of the LED since it was able to concentrate all the energy from
the light source into a very small spot of light. The light from the laser diode has only one
frequency. This laser diode helped in knowing the actual sensing area the sensor is used at pointing
at. Laser diode works with the principle of absorption and spontaneous emission. These two
processes occur in a conventional light source.

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Figure 4 showing laser diode.

5. Thermal Gun 3D Model:

The outer casing of the thermal gun was designed using 3D model software called Cura.
The design had two parts; the top part and the bottom part. The former acted as the house of the
gun and it was responsible for housing the Arduino pro mini, infrared temperature sensor, laser
diode and the OLED, while the latter acted as the infrared thermometer handle that housed the
push button and the battery. The trigger of the thermometer was the push button in the model.
We converted the STL saved file of the model into G-code using Cura. The Tevo tarantula printer
was to print both parts. We then screw the parts together. We took nearly six hours to print both
parts of the gun model. We then soldered wires directly to the Arduino using the relimate
connectors for the sensor and the LCD display. We used crews to mount the LCD in the printed
part as the infrared temperature sensor and the laser diode were mounted using glue. We then
slid the raw and ground pin via a wire to the handle part that housed the battery plus the push
button. We later connected the wires to the push button.

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 Figure 5 showing the 3D modeled of the thermal gun

Figure 6 showing the final prototype of the system

The 9 V battery was then connected to the RAW pin of the Arduino pro mini that was being
regulated via a voltage regulator of 5 V. The LCD, OLED Model, laser diode and sensor were
powered by the 5 voltages from the voltage regulator.

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Working of Infrared Thermometer:
All issue discharges vitality as IR (heat). In the event that there is a temperature contrast
between objects, including the encompassing condition, at that point this slope can be estimated
and utilized. In the event that the article being referred to is at a similar temperature as its
environment, the net radiation vitality trade will be zero. In either case, the trademark range of
the radiation relies upon the item and the encompassing total temperature. Handheld IR
thermometers exploit this "radiation reliance" on temperature to deliver an incentive for the
focused on object and to show the outcomes for the administrator to peruse.
IR light works like obvious light—it tends to be engaged, reflected or ingested. Handheld IR
thermometers ordinarily utilize a focal point to concentrate light from one item onto a locator,
called a thermopile. The thermopile retains the IR radiation and transforms it into heat. The
more IR vitality, the more sizzling the thermopile gets. This warmth is transformed into power.
The power is sent to an identifier, which utilizes it to decide the temperature of whatever the
thermometer is pointed at. The higher the temperature, the greater power sent to the identifier,
the higher the perusing.
When the Arduino code is prepared we can transfer it to our equipment utilizing an outside TTL
software engineer or FTDI board since the genius scaled down doesn't have one ready. At that
point essentially press the push catch to trigger the warm weapon and you will see the laser
pillar falling on the article and the temperature of the item being shown on the OLED screen as
demonstrated as follows. Here I have utilized it to gauge the temperature of a segment as
pointed by the laser bar. The warm weapon was additionally tried on binding iron, 3D printer
spout, ice shapes and so on and a palatable outcome was watched.
Circuit Diagram:

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The non-contact thermometer with infrared temperature sensor provided us with the
readings of temperature of the targeted objects. We used these data to keep a good track record
on the proper functioning of the non-contact thermometer. The non-contact thermometer with
infrared temperature sensor was primarily designed to for the introduction of the infused
technology in laser diode. This non-contact thermometer system will help users to reduce
unnecessary contacts with targeted objects whose temperature needs to be measured and
obtained. This thermometer will be helpful to the users as it will eliminate contact between
targeted objects and the system hence saving them their precious time. The thermometer will
increase efficiency and accuracy as the results obtained were accurate and the thermometer was
much more efficient. The system need to be off when not in use so that it does not detect any
object around. This will not only save the battery used but also the components from overheating.

RECOMMENDATIONS
I would like to recommend that future models of the non-contact thermometers to use
ICSs in order to miniatures the product so that it can become more reliable, portable and is easy
to maintain. Moreover, I recommend that future models of the non-contact thermometers to take
the readings and the system should be interfaced to like a computer where someone else can also
monitor the temperature readings.

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CONCLUSION:
We made a number of conclusions as we were doing the implementation. The conclusion
made was considered on ground of the results that were obtained. The non- contact thermometer
with infrared temperature was found to be cost effective as compared to the existing approaches
that were initially used to build such systems. The purpose of designing and prototyping the non-
contact thermometer with infrared temperature sensor were achieved successfully and the
desired objectives were also fulfilled. The hardware components together with the software used
did perform their function correctly such that they produced the desired result that was required
by anyone using the non-contact thermometer with infrared temperature sensor. The system is
designed to protect the users and the components when it is in use. The thermal gun protests the
user from burning his or her finger when using the thermometer. The designed system does not
necessarily need the targeted objects to be in contact with it so as to measure its temperature.
This system can measure the temperature for as long as the targeted object is close or even at a
distance.

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