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Seminar On Fast Tracking The Planning, Design and Construction of Waste Water Projects
Seminar On Fast Tracking The Planning, Design and Construction of Waste Water Projects
FAST TRACKING
T h e P l a n n i n g , Design a n d C o n s t r u c t i o n of
WASTE WATER PROJECTS
Friday
11th June
1993
at the
Institution oS
Civil Engineers
London
8
v5
CONTENTS
1. Programme
2. Speaker's Synopses
3. Exhibition details
4. l i s t of Delegates
FAST TRACKING
T h e Planning, Poslf,n ami Construction of
W A S T E W A T E R PROJECTS
P R O G R A M M E (subject t o a m e n d m e n t )
0930 Chairman's O p e n i n g R e m a r k s
R a y Collett, Managing Director - Engineering Division, S o u t h e r n
W a t e r pic
IOIO Z* F u n d i n g a n d E c o n o m i c Regulation
Ian W h i t e a r , Head of Obligations, Cost a n d Performance
Division, Office of W a t e r Services ( O F W A T )
1IM0
1055 Coffee
1140 4- Doslgn a n d C o n s t r u c t : C l i e n t s V i e w
G o r d o n Rateman, Contracts Manager, Thames W a t e r Utilities
IX4A Quest!
1510 Que*ti
1545 9. Caae S t u d y : G o d d a r d s G r e e n W W T W
J o h n Lever, Project Manager, R i w a t e r E u r o p e Ltd.
To*
SPEAKER'S
SYNOPSES
1. EC Directives and National Process Regulation
Design and Construct is a term which can be interpreted in many different ways. However,
most interpretations would accept that, with the current programme of capital works which is
being undertaken in the UK, Design and Construct offers an approach which permits clients
to meet their capital programme both on tie and within budget. The current times targets
which the UK water industry is working to, stem largely from a number of EC Directives which
have appeared at regular intervals over the past decade. The most recent of these is the
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive, which contains a number of very tight timescales, and
in certain instances will require installation of processes with which the UK has little or no
previous experience.
This talk will review recent EC Directives and their impact on the UK water companies. It will
outline the regulatory framework which has been put in place in England and Wales to meet
the requirements of the Directives. In additional, it will draw out those aspects of the
regulations, together with the mechanisms for their enforcement, which place major time
constraints on planning, construction and operation of water based projects.
2. Funding and Economic Regulation
No synopsis available
T H E PLANNING IMPLICATIONS O F W A S T E W A T E R T R E A T M E N T S C H E M E S
3.
Introduction
The Water Companies are currently in the process of preparing for one of the biggest capital
investment programmes since the establishment of sewerage systems in Victorian times.
With the increasing weight given to environmental assessment and Local Plan policies in
planning decisions, the consequences of failing to take account of can be serious to
management, customers and shareholders alike. In short, any investment strategy is
fundamentally flawed if it is incapable of obtaining planning permission.
This article explores the legislative requirements and the changing planning framework
within which decisions on major schemes are being made. Experience to date has met with
mixed fortunes but there is increasing evidence that early appraisals of the likely
environmental effects of projects at the outset of the project design stage can considerably
smooth the passage to planning permission.
Legislative Context
The requirements of various EC Directives such as the Bathing Waters Directive, Urban
Wastewater Directive, Drinking Water Directive and enabling UK legislation such as Water
Act, Environmental Protection Act and Planning and Compensation Act etc. require up to £4
billion investment by the Water Companies during next fifteen years.
The initial wave of schemes to meet the Bathing Waters Directive are well underway in the
UK level. Further requirements under the Urban Wastewater EHrective mean that substantial
improvements are necessary at many of the coastal and estuarine works by the year 2000. In
some cases, construction of new works on "greenfield" sites is likely to represent the only
acceptable solution in operational terms.
Within the same time horizon further changes are necessary following the end of sea disposal
of sludge by the end of 1998. This move will place considerable and potentially conflicting
demands on existing works as further technology is accommodated to process sludge for
recycling or incineration.
Sewage and sludge are also controlled wastes under the Environmental Protection Act and, in
certain circumstances, are subject to HMIP licensing regulations. The Act introduces the
concepts of Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO), Best Available Teclmique Not
Entailing Excessive Costs (BATNEEC) and Duty of Care on producers of potentially
polluting substances.
The Planning and Compensation Act 1991 also brings wastewater treatment, including
sludge processing and disposal, within the scope of structure plans and local plans. In
particular, the Act introduces a new type of plan, Waste Local Plans, which County Planning
Authorities are required to produce in parallel with the Waste Management Plans to
complement their role as Waste Regulation Authorities.
Planning Implications
Wastewater treatment projects being promoted to meet the legislative requirements are likely
to have significant environmental effects. Many elements of the capital investment
programmes will require planning permission and, in some cases, an environmental
statement.
An environmental statement must contain clearly stated justification for the proposals
including detailed consideration of alternatives. In the case of sludge treatment and disposal,
this should relate to process choice as well as the locations of individual components of the
project. In presenting individual elements of the sludge strategy to planning authorities, there
is a need to consider the environmental effects of the whole strategy in" terms of indirect
impacts (e.g. off-site traffic), long term effects (e.g. coastal erosion and deposition),
secondary issues (e.g. effects of sludge used in agriculture on the food chain) and also
cumulative impacts (e.g. the impact of a number of outfalls discharging into a the same
receiving water).
Good relations with planning authorities and an early appraisal of the planning and
environmental aspects of both strategies and individual projects is essential to achievement of
planning consents within the tight timescalcs set be European Directives. It can take two
years to design and five years to build a major wastewater treatment works.
The Inspector's reasons for refusing the Northumbrian project included failure to examine
alternatives - both strategies and sites. This type of work is essential at an early stage of
project evolution if the prospects of success with the planning application are to be
maximised. Planning refusals are not just costly in terms of abortive design work but can be
damaging in public relation terms, particularly of the company is exposed to prosecution for
failing to meet its legislative requirements. To be successful, the applicant will need to
demonstrate that the proposed strategy, both individually and collectively, represents the Best
Practicable Environmental Option.
There is growing evidence to suggest that EA can be an aid to obtaining planning permission.
A recent example is the Ventnor Marine Wastewater Treatment Scheme on the Isle of Wight
(Southern Water). In this case, the local planning authority made a decision to grant planning
consent within seven weeks from submission of the application, without the delay and
expense of a public inquiry.
Why is this so? The scheme has acknowledged potential significant environmental effects
and the proposed site is located in sensitive landscape setting.
A key to the success of this scheme was the decision to undertake a thorough examination of
the likely environmental effects and possible mitigating measures including alternative sites.
A consultant team was established at the outset of the project design stage and an initial
"scoping" exercise highlighted a range of issues for further specialist study. Following the
results of the environmental studies and recommendations of the environmental consultants,
substantial modifications were made to the scheme prior to the submission of the planning
application.
As the scheme evolved, the engineering design and environmental assessment of the
proposals occurred hand in hand, and as an iterative process. By the time the planning
application had been finalised, mitigating measures were an integral part of the engineering
scheme rather than an add on. The Environmental Statement summarised the results of the
many background studies and highlighted the substantial modifications which had been made
to overcome potential problems.
The Environmental Statement accompanying the planning application therefore allowed the
planning officers to demonstrate to their members that environmental concerns had been
given substantial weight during the formulation of proposals and, in view of the active
involvement of all of the key eonsultees, a high degree of commitment from the regulatory
body and environmental groups.
Presentation of Proposals
The most important function of the Environmental Statement is to present the results of the
assessment in a manner which can be readily understood and evaluated. Information should
therefore be conveyed in a form which enables an objective evaluation of the significance of
the environmental effects, the scope for mitigating measures and their effectiveness.
Conclusions
The last decade has seen a co-ordinated programme of tightening regulation of processes that
have the potential to pollute or cause other environmental damage. There has also been a
movement towards the recycling of waste. To an extent these two objectives are mutually
incompatible as recycling often requires wastes to be exposed to situations in which there is a
risk of pollution.
During the next few years, it expected that these trends will continue. Combined with the
increasing weight given to local plans in planning decisions and the growing awareness of
officers and members to environmental concerns, the ability to obtain planning permission
for major wastewater treatment schemes will be difficult unless Water Companies can
adequately demonstrate that they have fully addressed the possible environmental effects of
the project and amended the scheme accordingly.
The author is a Director of Terence O'Rourke pic, Town Planning, Landscape. Urban Design and
Environmental Consultants, Everdene House. Wessex Fields. Deansleigh Road. Bournemouth, BH7 7DU
Telephone 0202 421142.
Design and Construct - A Client's View
In considering the use of Design and Construct forms of contract, it is first of all necessary to
consider what a Design and Construct contract is. Secondly, it is important to understand
how the relationships, particularly between the Client and the designer, are different as
compared to a traditional construct-only contract.
The Client's key concerns are Time, Quality and Cost. Under these headings, aspects such
as the single point of responsibility, a single contract with a defined period, buildability,
innovation and early fixing of the contract price (lump sum version) are seen as advantages.
The greater importance of whole life costs of plant, the tendency to cut quality on non-critical
aspects, difficulties with process design and guarantees, tender evaluation, and the likelihood
of higher costs due to the contractor having to price for potential risks are s o m e of the
disadvantages.
The difference between price and cost based contracts will be outlined.
The need for Thames Water in 1 9 8 8 to introduce Design and Construct on sewage treatment
s c h e m e s in order to comply with the Control of Pollution Act 1 9 7 4 will b e reviewed, together
with the main requirements and duties of the Client.
Finally, the extent of use currently by Thames Water of Design and Construct will b e indicated.
Design and Construct: Consultant's View
As the client's Engineer in Design and Construct, the Consultant has a threefold role: pre
tender, where he defines the performance required, prepares the specification and tender
documentation and makes a recommendation on the tender list; the tender review, where he
reviews the technical proposals and the capital and revenue costings; and construction
administration and supervision, where he administers the contract and monitors quality and
specification compliance.
Two areas of great concern - performance and quality - require careful consideration in Design
and Construct contracts. They must be clearly and realistically defined for the client to receive
what he wants at the right price.
This can be achieved with experience, and as this, as confidence grows, the role of Design
and Construct in wastewater projects will become more evident.
Design and Construct: A Contractor's View
F E H o m e , Director, Birse C o n s t r u c t i o n
The speaker outlines the experiences of one of the most prominent contractors in the Water
Industry and identifies a variety of Design and Construct Forms of Contract being used in the
Water industry at present. The speaker also reflects upon the movement towards Guarantees
and the increased requirement for Bonds and the effects upon the Construction Industry and
Insurance Market.
Fast Tracking Waste Water Projects - The Management View
The starting point from which to consider methods of fast tracking waste water projects is the
clients overall "Project Objective". Where do the best opportunities arise for influencing
achievement of these objectives?
Various contract styles have been developed to respond to the needs of clients. Features of
each style are reviewed with an insight provided into the "Extending Arm" arrangements.
Focusing on the clients objective demands performance controls on Cost, Time and Quality.
These must be applied throughout the project process.
Documents and mechanisms used for reporting can provide the stimulus and control for
working within budget and time parameters.
The information provided from reporting systems should support a process of continued
improvements.
A Development at Warrington WWTW
The case study reviews the problem of successive flows being received at Warrington
Wastewater Treatment Works and the Multi-disciplinary engineering solution that was
developed to overcome the overloading of the works which discharges effluent to the River
Mersey. Various project strategies are reviewed to ensure that the most appropriate means
of planning, designing, constructing and commissioning of the works was adopted and which
ensured that the project was completed within the timescale allocated. The work included
extensive electrical interconnections and interlinking with instrumentation, control and
automation with existing parts of the treatment processes; the civil engineering work could not
be carried out in a conventional design, tender and contractor form due to the severe time
restrictions imposed for the project. The contract strategy agreed by all parties was
formulated to enable the multi-disciplinary project to be commissioned by the due date.
Gocldards Green WWTW
The case study will be based upon and will refer to the Goddards Green WWTW contract now
successfully completed using fast track methods and will consist of the following sections:-
Section 1
Will cover the particular details of the Goddards Green scheme as an introduction and shall
include:
Section 2
Will cover the specific performance on the scheme and shall briefly cover:
i design
ii performance against the contract programme and achievement of milestones and
details of planning to encompass delays with minimal effect
iii incorporation of variations and the financial performance of the contractor
iv quality of construction
v quality of effluent and performance during commissioning
vi continued service prior to and after final certificate
The presentation will then go on to discuss how fast tracking was achieved on the Goddards
Green contract covering the nature and development of the contract; planning, purchaser
input and contractor performance.
This will then progress into the conclusion as to why this contract fulfilled aspects of a fast
track contract and was successful.
Anglian Water is, geographically, the largest Water Services Company and operates
approximately 1100 STWs. Since privatisation levels of investment in these plants have grown
significantly, (the Time Limited Consent Programme) and will remain at a high level on account
of: population growth, increasing stringent effluent standards; Bathing Waters and Urban
Waste Water Treatment Directive etc.
Against this background Anglian recognised the need to develop a fast-track approach to STW
planning, design and construction that would enable it to meet legal obligations and make
economic "just in time" investment.
The Waterbeach project was developed to demonstrate and evaluate design and construction
techniques to achieve fast tracking.
The project was a joint development with the Water Research Centre (WRc). The concept of
fast track was incorporated at the very beginning of the design process. Process selection,
construction materials, site layout, detail design, procurement methods - were all developed
to enable the subsequent construction and commissioning to be complete in the minimum
(and reasonably predictable) time.
The presentation will highlight the engineering aspects of the project and some of the lessons
learnt. It will also illustrate how these techniques have been developed into the other areas
of the STW investment programme.
EXHIBITION
STANDI BIRCHWOOD CONCRETE PRODUCTS LTD
Pipe p r o d u c t i o n w a s d i s c o n t i n u e d i n 1 9 8 6 w i t h t h e emphasis o n m o r e
profitable s t r u c t u r a l precast concrete p r o d u c t s . T o d a y B i r c h w o o d Concrete
w i t h a t u r n o v e r circa £ 7 m is a m a r k e t leader offering a n extensive range of
p r o d u c t s i n c l u d i n g multi-storey frames, car p a r k structures, beam and b l o c k
c o n s t r u c t i o n , stadia d e v e l o p m e n t s etc., s u p p o r t e d b y a n in-house design
s e r v i c e of m a n y years experience.
Contact: Mr M Taylor
ACWa Services
ACWa House
Keighley Road
Skipton
Near Yorkshire BD3 2UE
T h e u s e of m e m b r a n e s is n o t l i m i t e d t o desalination of sea a n d b r a c k i s h
w a t e r t o p r o d u c e d r i n k i n g w a t e r . Several o t h e r areas of interest are being
r a p i d l y d e v e l o p e d i n c l u d i n g t h e application of b o t h u l t r a f i l t r a t i o n a n d
r e v e r s e osmosis t o t h e t r e a t m e n t of leachates a n d c o n t a m i n a t e d surface
w a t e r s t o m e e t t h e m o s t s t r i n g e n t discharge consents.
Contact: Mr P Beddows-Wilkinson
Address: Euro Iseki Ltd
Avonbrook House
Masons Road
Stratford-upon-Avon
Warwickshire CV37 9LQ
Address: Etruria
Stoke on Trent
Staffordshire
LIST O F D E L E G A T E S Page 1
D u n l o p , Mr J K, G r o u p Engineer, M W Barber G r o u p , 9 S t o c k p o r t R o a d ,
Romiley, S t o c k p o r t , C h e s h i r e SK6 4 B N
Jarvis, M r W , D e p u t y Project M a n a g e r , J o h n M o w l e m C o n s t r u c t i o n ,
M e t r o l i n k Project Offices, Q u e e n s R o a d , M a n c h e s t e r M 8 7RY
J o h n s o n , M r P, Director of E n g i n e e r i n g , Pell F r i s c h m a n n Water Ltd,
P e n i n s u l a Park, R y d o n Lane, Exeter EX2 7 N T
LIST O F D E L E G A T E S Page 3
M a p l e t h o r p e , Mr M, Project M a n a g e r , Acer C o n s u l t a n t s ,
Acer H o u s e , M e d a w a r R o a d , T h e Surrey Research Park,
G u i l d f o r d , Surrey G U 2 5AR
M c K e e , M r J S, D e p u t y M a n a g e r , D O E (Nl) Water Executive,
Eastern Division H Q , C o l l e g e S q u a r e East, Belfast BT1
M e a c h e r , M r J , Principal Project Manager, N o r t h W e s t E n g i n e e r i n g ,
C h a d w i c k H o u s e , W a r r i n g t o n R o a d , Risley, W a r r i n g t o n W A 3 6AE
Mills, M r D, M a r k e t i n g M a n a g e r , M o w l e m E n g i n e e r i n g , Port C a u s e w a y ,
B r o m b o r o u g h , Wirral L62 4 T P
Minter, Mr R W , E n g i n e e r i n g M a n a g e r , Sir Robert McAlpine,
E a t o n C o u r t , M a y l a n d s A v e n u e , H e m e l H e m p s t e a d , Hertfordshire H P 2 7TR
Morris, M r J , E n g i n e e r i n g Services Director, W e s s e x Water Services,
Q u a y H o u s e , T h e A m b u r y , Bath, A v o n BA1 2YP
M u r r a y , M r A S, Project M a n a g e r , A c e r E n g i n e e r i n g Ltd., A s t o n C r o s s ,
R o c k y Lane, B i r m i n g h a m B6 5 R Q
P e n t o n , M r W R, P r o c e s s E n g i n e e r i n g Manager, W i m p e y W e s s e x Water,
27 Hammersmith Grove, Hammersmith, London W6 7EN
P o o l e , M r T R, Project Engineer, W S Atkins, 4 0 W y e t h s R o a d , E p s o m ,
Surrey KT17 4EB
R a n d l e , M r D A, Project M a n a g e r , W e s s e x Water, St J a m e s H o u s e ,
L o w e r Bristol R o a d , B a t h , A v o n BA2 3 B H
Ricketts, M r D J , Office M a n a g e r , A c e r C o n s u l t a n t s Ltd.,
The Genesis Centre, Birchwood, Warrington WA3 7BH
R o g e r s , M r M R, Exhibitor, B i r c h w o o d C o n c r e t e P r o d u c t s Ltd.,
B i r c h w o o d W a y , C o t e s Park I n d . Est., S o m e r c o t e s , D e r b y s h i r e D E 5 5 4 N H
LIST O F D E L E G A T E S Page 4
W a r n e r , M r R W , C o n t r a c t s M a n a g e r , M o n t g o m e r y W a t s o n Projects Ltd.,
Terriers H o u s e , 201 A m e r s h a m R o a d , H i g h W y c o m b e , B u c k s HP13 5AJ
W a t t s , Mr T H, M a r k e t i n g M a n a g e r , S i m o n Hartley Ltd., Etruria,
S t o k e o n Trent, Staffordshire
W e s t r o p e , Mr S K, Project M a n a g e r , S o u t h e r n Water, S o u t h e r n H o u s e ,
C a p s t o n e R o a d , C h a t h a m , Kent M E 5 7 Q A
W h e t m a n , M r G, Director, E T h o m a s C o n s t r u c t i o n , P o n s a n o o t h , Truro,
C o r n w a l l TR3 7 E G
W h i t a k e r , M r J , P r o g r a m m e M a n a g e r - S e w a g e , A n g l i a n Water Services Ltd,
C o m p a s s H o u s e , Chivers W a y , Histon, C a m b r i d g e C B 4 4 Z Y
W h i t e a r , M r I, H e a d of N e w O b l i g a t i o n s , Office of Water Services
( O F W A T ) , C o s t & P e r f o r m a n c e Division, C e n t r e City Tower, 7 Hill Street,
B i r m i n g h a m B5 4 U A
W i g l e y , M r C, A r e a M a n a g e r , E d m u n d Nuttall Ltd., St J a m e s H o u s e ,
Knoll R o a d , C a m b e r l e y , Surrey G U 1 5 3 T D feC^
W i n k l e r , M r C M, A r e a M a n a g e r , Miller Civil E n g i n e e r i n g Ltd., xf*^r^
W h i t e Hart H o u s e , Park Street, C o l n b r o o k SL3 OHS -
W o o d h e a d , M r M P, C o m m e r c i a l Director, D e g r e m o n t UK,
G a i n s b o r o u g h H o u s e , H o u g h t o n Hall Park, H o u g h t o n Regis, B e d s . LU5 5 T D
W r i g h t , M r S A, M a n a g e r - W a t e r Division, L G M o u c h e l & Partners Ltd,
W e s t Hall, Parvis R o a d , W e s t Byfleet, Surrey KT14 6EZ