1. Which is responsible for the greatest exposure to carbon dioxide for living organisms?

a) Hurricanes
b) Soil erosion
c) Vehicles emission
d) Cigarette smoking

Answer: d
Explanation: Cigarette smoking is responsible for the greatest exposure to carbon monoxide.
Exposure to air containing even 0.001% of carbon monoxide for few hours can cause collapse,
coma and even death in the worst case.
2. How excessive water loss takes place in plants?
a) Due to soil pollution
b) Due to mutation
c) Due to air pollution
d) Due to improper seed
Answer: c
Explanation: The leaves of plants are damaged when some gaseous pollutants enter the pores of
the leaf. Chronic exposure of the leaves to air pollutants can break down the waxy coating that helps
prevent excessive water loss in plants.
3. How does asthma cause to human beings?
a) Because of excessive diet
b) Because of water pollution
c) Because of air pollution
d) Because of soil pollution

Answer: c
Explanation: Asthma is one of the health impacts that are caused due to air pollution. There are
many health impacts especially respiratory impacts on human beings. Asthma is caused due to
excessive inhale of sulphur dioxide and smoking.
4. What is the reason for reduced in the plant growth?
a) Excessive exposure to sunlight
b) Excessive exposure to wind
c) Excessive exposure to water pollution
d) Excessive exposure to air pollution

Answer: d
Explanation: Reduced in the plant growth is due to the chronic exposure of air pollution on the
plants. Reduced plant growth is an effect due to the impact of plants of air pollution. Chronic
exposure interferes with photosynthesis and plant growth in the plants.
5. Which dioxide damages the flower process in plants?
a) Sulphur dioxide
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrite dioxide
d) Magnesium dioxide

Answer: a
Explanation: Sulphur dioxide released due to air pollution caused damages to living organisms.
Higher concentration of sulphur dioxide results in the formation of flowers. The flower buds become
stiff and hard. They fall from the plants, as they are unable to flower.
6. Human’s respiratory system doesn’t many mechanisms that help to protect them from air
pollution.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Explanation: Human respiratory have many mechanisms to prevent air pollution. The hair in the
noise filters out large particles. The sticky mucus in the lining of the upper respiratory tract captures
smaller particles and dissolves some gaseous pollutants.

7. What is the main reason for ozone depletion?

a) Releasing of oxygen
b) Releasing of chemicals
c) Releasing of CFCs
d) Releasing of nitrogen

Answer: c
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) are extremely stable, non-flammable. CFCs leading in the
ozone layer depletion. India signed the Montreal Protocol in 1992, which aimed at controlling the
production and consumption of ozone depleting substances.
8. Which of the following component is more dangerous to ozone layer?
a) CFCs
b) Nitrogen
c) Halons
d) Sulphur

Answer: c
Explanation: Halons are similar to structure to CFCs but it contains bromine instead of chlorine.
CFCs and halons migrate into the upper atmosphere after they are released and caused damage to
the ozone layer. Halons are more dangerous to the ozone layer than CFCs.
9. Why ozone depletion more over the South Pole?
a) Due to uneven disturbance of CFCs
b) Due to extreme weather conditions in the Antarctic atmosphere
c) Due to cyclonic depression in South Pole
d) Due to extreme pressure

Answer: b
Explanation: Despite the fact that CFCs are evenly distributed over the globe, ozone depletion is
especially pronounced over the South Pole due to extreme weather conditions in the Antarctic
atmosphere.
10. When did India signed the Montreal Protocol?
a) 1990
b) 1991
c) 1992
d) 1993

Answer: c
Explanation: India signed the Montreal Protocol in 1992. The aim is to control the production and
consumption of ozone depleting substances. It was set up as an example of a successful
international agreement.
11. What is the main reason for skin cancer?
a) Due to mutation
b) Due to unhealthy lifestyle
c) Due to alcohol consumption
d) Due to UV radiations

Answer: d
Explanation: Ozone depletion causes many harmful health impacts on humans and other organisms.
When humans are exposed to Sunlight where due to ozone layer depletion receives direct UV
radiations which cause skin burn which further causes skin cancer.

12. How many fundamental approaches are there to control air pollution?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

Answer: b
Explanation: Air pollution can be controlled by two fundamental approaches. Those approaches can
control air pollution if it applies in effective way. The two fundamental approaches to control air
pollution are preventive techniques and effluent control.
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13. Why industries location plays an important role with concern to the environment?
a) To get more output from industries
b) To clear the forests in order to build the industries
c) To get more income
d) To prevent pollution causing by industries

Answer: d
Explanation: Industries should be carefully located in order to minimize the effects of pollution after
considering the topography and wind direction. Industries with are in side cities cause more pollution
than those which are in outskirts.
14. National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) is formed to monitor the air quality.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: NAMP aims to determine the present air quality status and trends, and to control and
regulate pollution from industries and other sources to meet the ambient air quality standards. It
provides background air quality data that is required for industrial sitting and town planning.

15. Which of the following organisms found in human waste that cause water pollution?
a) Coliform bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Protozoa
d) Parasitic worms
Answer: a
Explanation: Humans waste contains concentrated populations of coliform bacteria such as
Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis. These bacteria normally grow in the large intestine of
the human body. Releasing of such wastes to water cause pollution in water bodies.
16. What is oxygen depleting waste?
a) Organic waste that can be decomposed by aerobic bacteria
b) Organic waste that can be decomposed by anaerobic bacteria
c) Organic waste that can be decomposed by aerobic viruses
d) Organic waste that can be decomposed by anaerobic viruses

Answer: a
Explanation: Oxygen depleting waste is organic that can be decomposed by aerobic bacteria. Large
populations of bacteria use up the oxygen present in the water in order to degrade these wastes.
This degrades the water quality as it uses up the oxygen.
17. What is the indicator of pollution in water?
a) Amount of oxygen
b) Amount of hydrogen
c) Amount of BOD
d) Amount of nitrogen

Answer: c
Explanation: The amount of oxygen required to break down a certain amount of organic matter is
called the biological oxygen demand (BOD). The amount of BOD in water is an indicator of the level
of pollution.
18. Why certain parts of water bodies contain more number of algae?
a) Due to favorable environment
b) Due to run-off excess fertilizers
c) Due to lack of fertilizers
d) Due to water pollution

Answer: b
Explanation: Inorganic plant nutrients found in fertilizers. Run-off carries excess fertilizers into
nearby water bodies, causing high levels of plant nutrients which promote the excessive growth of
algae and other aquatic plants.
19. What are water soluble inorganic chemicals?
a) Compounds of pure metals
b) Compounds of non-metals
c) Compounds of synthetic metals
d) Compounds of toxic metals

Answer: d
Explanation: Water soluble inorganic chemicals are acids, salts and compounds of toxic metals such
as mercury and lead. High levels of these chemicals can make the water unfit to drink and harm fish
and other aquatic life.
20. There is only one class of common water pollutants.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Explanation: There are several classes of common water pollutants. These classes of water
pollutants harm the environment by polluting the water. Some of the classes of common water
pollutants are Disease causing agents, oxygen depleting waste, inorganic plant nutrients etc.
21. Who sediment of suspended matter occurs?
a) When soil is eroded from the air
b) When soil is eroded from the land
c) When soil is eroded from the water
d) When soil is eroded from the rock

Answer: b
Explanation: Sediment of suspended matter occurs when the soil is eroded from the land. High
levels of soil particles which are suspended in water interfere with the penetration of sunlight. This
reduces the photosynthetic activity of aquatic plants and algae.
22. What is a sediment of suspended matter?
a) Insoluble particles of soil and other solids
b) Soluble particles of soil and other solids
c) Insoluble particles of water
d) Soluble particles of water

Answer: a
Explanation: Sediment of suspended matter is insoluble particles of soil and other solids that
become suspended in water. When the velocity of water in streams and rivers decreases, the
suspended particles settle down at the bottom as sediments.
23. Where we can find water soluble radioactive isotopes?
a) In radioactive reactor
b) In radioactive coolant
c) In radioactive shield
d) In radioactive waste

Answer: d
Explanation: Water soluble radioactive isotopes are contained in the radioactive waste. They can be
concentrated in various tissues and organs as they pass through food chains and food web. The
ionizing radiation can cause cancer and genetic damage.
24. What is the main reason for thermal pollution?
a) Increase in the temperature of the ecosystem
b) Increase in the chemical contains in water
c) Hot water released by power plants and industries
d) Pollution causing by vehicles

Answer: c
Explanation: The hot water released by power plants and industries that use large volumes of water
to cool the plant. This result in a rise in temperature of the water bodies, due to this thermal pollution
occurs.
25. Why thermal pollution causing the release of hot water by power plants is dangerous?
a) They increase the solubility of oxygen
b) They decrease the solubility of oxygen
c) They don’t dissolve oxygen
d) They dissolve nitrogen

Answer: b
Explanation: Hot water released by power plants and industries warm water bodies those which are
connected to power plants and industries. This warm water decreases the solubility of oxygen and it
changes the breeding cycles of various aquatic organisms.
26. How to minimize the pollution of water pollution due organic chemicals that release to water
bodies?
a) To remove all the aquatic organisms from the water
b) To purify water manually after released to the water bodies
c) Purify the water before enter the water directly from industries
d) Leave the water bodies without using it

Answer: c
Explanation: Organic chemicals are harmful to aquatic life and human health. These include oil,
gasoline, detergents and many other chemicals. They enter the water directly from industrial activity
from improper handling of chemicals in industries.
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27. The birds lay eggs with shells that are much thinner than normal is an example
of_______________
a) Bioaccumulation
b) Mutation
c) DNA sequence
d) Mal nutrients

Answer: a
Explanation: The pesticides that eat by an organism keep on moving in an aquatic food chain. At
each link in the food chain, these chemicals which do not pass out of the body get accumulated and
cause bioaccumulation. High levels of pesticides such as DDT can cause thin shells in bird eggs.
28. Leakage of oil from underground tanks can pollute groundwater.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: Oil is another chemical which can enter surface water bodies. The leakage from
underground tanks can also pollute groundwater. Accidental oil spills from large transport tankers at
sea have been causing significant environment pollution