c) Passion has already passed the

intellect and will, but still continued

CFED 1023
IMPEDIMENTS TO HUMAN ACTS
1) Ignorance
Lack of pertinent information as to the
nature, circumstances and effect of a
certain action.
a) Invincible Ignorance: Total
ignorance of something which cannot
be removed/dispelled.
b) Vincible Ignorance: Can be
dispelled or learned through ordinary
efforts.
 Affected: Wilful deliberation
of an individual to assert and
pretend. (Haircut Policy
Example)
 Supine/crass: Exerts little
effort to know something.
(Medicine example).
2) Concupiscence
Passion overcomes reason or mind.
Example: Pride, Anger, Love, Joy
a) Antecedent Concupiscence:
Passion influences an action before
it is controlled by the will.
b) Consequent Concupiscence: Alam
the action.
3) Fear
Individual is threatened by the impending
dangers.
4) Violence
Application of physical force in doing or
undoing an act.
5) Habit
Routinely/repetitive actions.
a) Virtues (Good habits)
b) Vices (Bad Habits)
_____________________________________________
 Eternal Law: God’s divine plan for His creatures.
o Eternal (no beginning, no end)
o Immutable (unchanging)
o Absolutely Universal (applicable
to all)
 Natural Law: Law of human conduct which arises
from human nature which is recognized by the
natural light of REASON.
o Universal
o Recognizable
o Obligatory
o Immutable
 Positive Law:
Promulgated/Published/Written/Declared
o Divine Positive Law
o Human Positive law
 CONSCIENCE
a) Antecedent Conscience- (judges an act
before it is done.)
b) Consequent Conscience – (judges an act
after it is done)

Forms of Conscience
1. Correct Conscience
Good=Good
Bad=Bad
2. False Conscience
Good=Bad
Bad=Good
3. Scrupulous Conscience
Afraid of committing mistakes
Too rigorous and legalistic.
4. Lax Conscience
Keeps on excusing him/herself from every
mistake.
5. Certain Conscience
Firm judgment that one is not in error.
6. Doubtful Conscience
Judgment is suspended because of the
uncertainty.

GOD BLESS ON YOUR EXAMS! 