help the poor but also to receive the love of
God.
CFED 1023
DETERMINANTS OF MORALITY
 The Object/Act
- This is the human action itself.
- Answers the question WHAT.
For an act to be morally good, the object/the act must be
good in itself, otherwise it is bad.
 The Circumstance
- Refers to the people involved, the time, place
and occasion that surround an object/act.
- Answers Who, When, Where, How
- It has the ability to alter the quality of an action,
it can either increase the responsibility or
diminish the responsibility.
Example: (A guard on duty goes to sleep.)
 The Intention- you must have a
pure/good intention.
- An indifferent act may become morally good or
bad. Example: Studying Law
- An objectively good act may become morally
bad. Example: Giving alms to the poor with
the intention of seducing him/her.
- An objectively good act can receive added
goodness. Example: Giving alms not only to
- An objectively bad act can never become good
in spite of the good motive. “The end does not
justify the means.”
IMPEDIMENTS TO HUMAN ACTS
1) Ignorance
Lack of pertinent information as to the
nature, circumstances and effect of a
certain action.
a) Invincible Ignorance: Total
ignorance of something which cannot
be removed/dispelled.
b) Vincible Ignorance: Can be
dispelled or learned through ordinary
efforts.
 Affected: Wilful deliberation
of an individual to assert and
pretend. (Haircut Policy
Example)
 Supine/crass: Exerts little
effort to know something.
(Medicine example).
2) Concupiscence
Passion overcomes reason or mind.
Example: Pride, Anger, Love, Joy
a) Antecedent Concupiscence:
Passion influences an action before
it is controlled by the will.
 b) Consequent Concupiscence:  Positive Law:
Passion has already passed the intellect Promulgated/Published/Written/Declared
and will, but still continued the action. o Divine Positive Law -Ten
Alam mo ng mali, tinuloy mo pa. Commandments
o Human Positive law – Philippine
3) Fear Constitution
Individual is threatened by the impending
dangers.
4) Violence CONSCIENCE
Application of physical force in doing or a) Antecedent Conscience- (judges an act
undoing an act. before it is done.)
5) Habit b) Consequent Conscience – (judges an act
Routinely/repetitive actions. after it is done)
a) Virtues (Good habits)
b) Vices (Bad Habits) Forms of Conscience
_____________________________________________ 1. Correct Conscience- Judges a good act as
good and vice-versa.
 Eternal Law: God’s divine plan for His creatures. Good=Good
o Eternal (no beginning, no end) Bad=Bad
o Immutable (unchanging) 2. False Conscience- Judges a good act as bad
o Absolutely Universal (applicable and vice-versa.
to all) Good=Bad
 Natural Law: Law of human conduct which arises Bad=Good
from human nature which is recognized by the 3. Scrupulous Conscience
natural light of REASON. Afraid of committing mistakes
o Universal Too rigorous and legalistic. Example:
o Recognizable Naaksidente ka di ka makalakad, pero sabi
o Obligatory sa bible kailangang umattend sa mass, so
o Immutable pinilit mong pumunta kasi takot ka
magkasala.
4. Lax Conscience
 Keeps on excusing him/herself from every
mistake.
5. Certain Conscience
Firm judgment that one is not in error.
6. Doubtful Conscience
Judgment is suspended because of the
uncertainty.

NOTE: READ AND STUDY BY HEART THE TEN

COMMANDMENTS, KARAMIHAN NG ITEMS
GALING DON.

GOD BLESS ON YOUR EXAMS! 