Gosford High School

HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE

2018
TRIAL EXAMINATION

Mathematics Extension 1

• General Instructions Total Marks - 70

• Reading time - 5 minutes
• Working time - 2 hours
• Write using black pen
• Board-approved calculators may be
used
• A reference sheet is provided at the back
of this paper
• In Questions 11 - 14, show relevant
mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations
I Section I I Pages 2 - 5
10 marks
• Attempt Questions I - I 0
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section
I Section II ) Pages 6 - I 0
60 marks
• Attempt Questions 11 - 14
" Allow about I hour and 45 minutes for this
section
Section I

Attempt Questions 1- 10.

Allow approximately 15 minutes for this section.

Answer on the multiple choice answer sheet provided.

1. AB is a diameter of a circle and NQ is tangent to the circle at P, as shown.

Given that LPAB = 25°, what is the magnitude of LNPA?

(A) 25°

{B) 35.

(C) 55•

(D) 65°

2. When the polynomial P(x) = 3x 3 - 2x 2 +ex - 5 is divided by (x + 1), the

remainder is -14. What is the value of c?

(A) -10

(B) -8

(C) -4

(D) 4
3. Which expression is equivalent to (sin2x + cos2x) 2 ?
(A) 1

(B) 1 + sin2x

(C} 1+2:sin4x
2

(D) 1 + sin4x

4. The acute angle between the lines y = 3x and y = mx is equal to ~.

4
What is the value of m?

1
(A) -2 or - -
2

1
(B) -2 or -
2

1
(C} 2 or--
2

1
(D) 2 or -
2

5. Which expression is equal to f sin 2 6xdx ?

(A) :'2. + .2:..sin2x

24
+c

x 1 . 12
(B) ---sm
2 24
x+c

(C}

(D)

1
6. What is the general solution of the equation tan48 = - ../3 ?

(A) B=mr_!!_
4 24

(B) e=n"'+~
4 6

e=nn:_~
(C}
4 6

(D)
7. The displacement, x, of a particle at time tis given by x = 3sinZt + 4cos2t.
What is the maximum velocity of the particle?

(A) 2

(B) 5

(C) 10

(D) 14

8. In how many ways can a committee of 2 men and 3 women be selected from a
group of 6 men and 8 women?

9. Which expression represents the derivative of cos- 1 ( ~) , x >0 ?

x

2
(A)
VxL4

2
(B) - vx'-4

2
(C)
x./xL4

2
(D)
xvx 2-4
10 ax 2 -b
· The graph shown below has equation of the form y = (x+c) 2
y
t 6
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I 4
.,._ ____ _ I
l- -2 ---------------
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-4 -2 -1 4 6 x
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~

The values of a, band care?

(A) a = 2, b = 4, c = -1

(B) a = 2, b = 4, c = 1

1
(C) a=- b=4c=1
2 ' '

(D) a = 2, b = -4, c = 1
Section II

60 marks.

Attempt Questions 11-14.

Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section.

Answer each question in a separate writing booklet. Additional writing booklets are
available.

Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.

Question 11 {15 marks) Start a new writing booklet Marks

a) State the domain and range of: 2

y = 2 cos- 1 x - 1

b) Find 2
sinx + sin2x
lim-----
x->o 2x

c) Solve 2
4x-1
;::: 1
x+ 2
d)
(i) Show that the equation xlogex - 1 = 0 has a root, a, between 1.7 2
and 1.8.

(ii) Use one application of Newton's method with an initial approximation 2

of a 0 = 1.75 to find the next approximation of this root.
Give the answer correct to 2 decimal places.

e) The point P(l0,13) divides the interval joining A(x, y) and B(7,7) 2
externally in the ratio 8: 3.
What are the coordinates of A?

f) For the cubic equation 4x 3 - 6x + 10 = 0 with roots a, p and y, find

the value of:

(i) az + pz + yz 1

(ii) 1 1 1 2
--+--+--
azpz azyz pzyz
Question 12 (15 marks) Start a new writing booklet.

a) Given the function:

1
f(x) = x -2x 2

(i) If the domain of f (x) is restricted to x :::; 1 , show thatthe inverse 3

function, 1-1 (x), is given by:
1- 1 (x) = 1 - ../1 - 2x
(ii) State the domain of this inverse function 1

(iii) Draw a neat sketch of f- 1 (x) 2

b) An oven which had been heated to 180° C was switched off when the 3
baking was finished at 11.30 am. The oven was in a kitchen which was
kept at a constant temperature of 22° C.

After t minutes, the temperature, T° C, of the oven is given by

T =A +Be-let

After 10 minutes, the oven's temperature has dropped to 115° C.

At what time, to the nearest minute, will the oven's temperature drop
to 23° C?

c) Use the substitution u = x 2 + 1 to evaluate 3

J(xz: 1)3 dx
0

d) The volume of water in a tidal pool is given by 3

3rr
V = 2cos-
x
Where x is the depth of water in the pool in metres.

Find the exact rate at which the depth of the pool will be increasing
when the volume of water is increasing at 12m3 /hand the depth is
1.2 m.
Question 13 (15 marks) Start a new writing booklet.

a) Show that 2

cos ( Zsin-
1
(~))
can be written in the form ~,where a and bare integers.

b) The depth of water, y metres, in a tidal creek is given by

d2y
4 dt2 = 5 -y

With the time, t, being measured in hours.

(i) Prove that the vertical motion of the water is simple harmonic and 2
find the centre of motion.

(ii) What is the period of the motion? 1

(iii) Given that low tide is at 1 m and high tide is at 9 m, and that 1
dzy
y =b - acosnt is a solution to the equation 4 dtz =5 - y,
write down the values of a, band n.

(iv) If the low tide one day is at 1 pm, when is the next time that a boat 2
requiring 3 m of water can enter the creek? Give your answer correct
to the nearest minute.
c) Jack is running due east along a path. At a point A along the path he 3
notices a tower in the distance on a bearing of 048° with an angle of
elevation of 12°.
At point B, 170 m further along the path, the tower is now on a
bearing of 352° with an angle of elevation of 19°.

Find the height of the tower to the nearest metre.

d) In the circle below, AB = AC. Let LPAB = a and LABC = f3.

('

Not tel Scale

I'

(i) Copy the diagram into your answer booklet and give a reason why 1
LPQB =a.

(ii) Prove LAQ B = f3. 1

(iii) Prove that XYQP is a cyclic quadrilateral. 2

Question 14 (15 marks) Start a new writing booklet.

a) Use mathematical induction to prove that for integers n ;:::: l, 3

b) Consider the expansion of (1 + x)n-l for integers n > 2.

Show that 2

n (n - 1) + n (n - 1) + ... + n (nn -_ 1) = n(2 n-1

- 2)
1 2 2

c) The points P(2ap, ap 2 ) and Q(2aq, aq 2 ), where a > 0 and pq = l,

are two points on the parabola with equation x 2 = 4-ay. Mis the
midpoint of PQ.

(i) Show that as P and Q move on the parabola, the locus of M lies on the 2
parabola x 2 = 2a(y + a)

(ii) Given that p I + Pll ;: : 2 for p * 0, find the domain and range of the 2
locus of M.

d) A particle is moving in a straight line. At time t seconds it has

displacement x metres from a fixed point 0 on the line, velocity
v ms·' and acceleration a ms·2 given by a = e-x - e- 2 x .
The particle starts loge2 metres to the right of 0 moving towards 0
with speed ~ ms·'.

(i) Show that v = e-x - 1 3

(ii) Show that t = - f e xex-1 dx 1

(iii) Find x in terms of t and hence find the limiting position of the 2
particle.
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