A

1. What might cause a Generator to trip on Reverse Power (ANSI Code32R)?

- Malfunction of one or more AVR when two or more Generators are connected in parallel.
2. What are 3 conditions required to synchronize generators when the ship is at sea?
- same Voltage, same frequency, same phase angle
3. A Damping Cage can be found on the Rotor of a Generator. Which of the following is a task of the Damping Cage?
- To Limit Torque ripple and maintain Synchronous Operation.
4. What is the SOLAS Requirements for ships constructed after 1 July 1998 where the main source of electrical power is necessary for
propulsion?
- At least two main switchboards which shall normally be connected by circuit breakers
5. The AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) has two functions. What are they?.
- control the network voltage and share the reactive power among DGs running in parallel.
6. Which statement about Short Circuit current in a power network is correct?
-The lower the sub transient reactance “ X”d ” of the generators, the higher is the short circuit current.
7. Which of the following describes power factor “cosfi”?
-Active power/Apparent power
8. How can you prevent the voltage drop caused by the inrush current when starting a big asynchronous motor?
- Installing a star-delta or soft starter.
9. Which problems might be caused to generator by long operation at a lagging (inductive) power factor (cosfi). Which is much lower
than the design p.f?
- Increased excitation current to the Rotor which will lead to overheating.
10. Which of the following Equipments produce harmonics on the ships LV network?
- Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) and LED lighting.
11. Consider the transformer premagnetization circuit. What is it for?
- To minimize inrush current when energizing the transformer.
12. Two HV main generators of the same size running in parallel deliver quite different currents to the power network, even if the KW
of their diesel engine is the same. What could be the cause?
- Incorrect set-up or malfunction of the AVRs.
13. For the DG set (Prime mover and Alternator) which electrical values are closely monitored?
-p (kW) active power and S (kVA) apparent power
14. A synchronous generator is coupled to a diesel engine having a power of 12500kW when running at 514 RPM. If the design powe
factor (cosfi) = 0.8, the apparent power S(kVA) should be approximately:
- 15.625 kVA
15. Consider the statement: Cyclo- and Synchro Propluslion Converters always allow regenerative power to flow back into the
network.
- Yes. always
16. What is the purpose of the Neutral Earth Resistor Circuit connected to the Neutral point of an HV Generator?
- to detect an earth fault in the Generator and activate the protection circuits, and to limit the earth fault to safe levels

B.
1. Why is it advisable that a motor supplied by an inverter has at least one bearing which is insulated?
To interrupt shaft currents and consequent bearing damage.
2. Why is it advisable to install a screened cable between a VFD (VSD) and motor?
To limit the radiate EMI (electromagnetic interference) and reduce harmonics on the ships network
3. What is the purpose of the Capacitor circuit in the VSI-PWM Converter?
- Smooth the DC. Provides the reactive power required by the Propulsion Motor
4. The frequency of the 11th harmonic on a 60 Hz power network on a ship is:
-660 Hz
5. When referring to Propulsion Control System, which control station has the highest priority level?
Local control at the converter drive cabinet
6. Consider the statement: Cyclo- and Synchro Propulsion Converters always allow regenerative power to
flow back into the network.
-Yes, Always
7. The mandatory IAC (Internal Arc Classification) of a HV main switchboard provides:
- protection fot the operator by providing designated paths for the arc flash heat and gas to follow to the exhaust ducts
8. Complete the sentence: The braking resistor in the VSI-PWM Propulsion Converter is necessary.......
- to absorb any regenerated power from the synchronous propulsion motor
9. High harmonic distortion levels in the power network onboard a ship can cause:
Answers 1,2,3 are correct.
10. Regarding the incident energy of an arc flash, which statement is correct?
The longer the disconnection time of the protection relays, the higher the incident energy,
11. The task of the propulsion converter is to supply the propulsion motor with........
Variable voltage and variable frequency
12. A synchronous propulsion motor is coupled to a propeller running up to 140 RPM. The propulsion motor
has 16 poles. What is the maximum frequency the converter must supply?
18.56 Hz
13. Which of the following technical solutions will help to reduce the harmonics on the power network of a
ship?
All of the above
14. What are the advantages offered by the use of VFDs (VSDs - variable speed drives) on-board?
- Accurate process control, control and smooth starting/stopping, energy saving, improved power factor
15. What would cause an HV Contactor to open?
- short circuit current has blown the fuse
16.In an “IT” (floating neutral) LV distribution system on a ship, an earth fault of one phase causes:
- Low insulation alarm only
17. Complete the sentence:
- Fire resistant according to iec 60331
18. An earth fault current of 7 amps is flowing through 360 ohmNER
- 2520

C.
1. Which of the following Protection Relays are commonly used for protection of Main generator?
- 40: Loss of field
2. According to Iacs (International Association of Classification Societies), what is the maximum allowable Earth Fault Current that is
allowed to flow through the NER of a High Voltage Generator
30 Amps
3. What might cause a Generator to trip on Reverse Power (Ansi Code 32R)
- Malfunction of one or more Speed Governor when two or more Generators are connected in parallel.
4. The Generator Differential Protection Relay (87G) causes the Generator to trip even through there is no fault. What could be the
cause of the malfunction?
Unequal saturation of the CT`s (Current Transformers) at high current.
5. Which of the following are insulation faults:
Surface discharge, Partial discharge
6. What is the possible cause of overvoltage’s which might damage the insulation of an electric machine.
- Operation of a breaker (ON/OFF)
7. What are the risks associated with circuits which have no over current protection (no breaker, no fuse)
- Cable fire, Explosion of electrical equipment
8. The standard secondary current for Current Transformers (CT`s) are:
- 1A or 5A
9. Why are insulation Resistance test commonly carried out on-board.
- To assess the condition of the insulation of components or of the Electrical Network
10. When isolating HV Equipment, when is it required (by IEC regulation) to wear PPE?
- At any time that the work would allow contact with potentially live HV parts.
11. Who supervises the work activity from the start to the end of the HV work process?
- Responsible Officer
12. Name the three categories of maintenance
- Unplanned, Planned, Predictive
13. Which of the following service conditions will reduce the life of insulatin?
- over speed, over voltage and over temperature.
14. The result of an IR (insulation resistance) test can be influenced by:
- temperature and humidity
D.
1. Considering that HV Permit, why is it required that the Switching Plans (Isolation & De-isolation) be signed for a second time by the
Responsible and Authorizing Officer just before implementation.
- To establish the current Plant conditions and confirms suitability before starting the isolation.
2. List “The safe five steps for High voltage work “in the correct order
- Isolate completely, secure against reconnection, verify dead, earth down, protect against adjacent live parts.
3. When is it allowed for a permit to work to be issued?
- Only after the equipment is isolated completely, proved death, and earthed down at the point of work.
4. What do you understand by the Automation Design term FAIL SAFE
- If there is a failure in the system, the equipment will fail to a known and predetermined safe condition.
5. Regarding HV Shore connection, complete the sentence – Emergency shut down
- all of the above
6. What checks or tests should be carried out by ships staff after a major software upgrade onboard?
- Power off, Power on, and full functionality test
7. Which of the following is an Error prevention technique used when working on high voltage?
- All of the above
8. What do you understand by the Automation term “System Independence”?
- a single failure in one system will not affect the operation of any other system
9. Regarding HV shore connection, how can the shore side substations be best described?
- a transformer with a neutral earth resistor, similar to a shipboard generator
10. Are there any circumstances where an HV Permit to work is allowed to be issued for working on live equipment.
- No, never