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Green Laser Machining PDF
Green Laser Machining PDF
MANUFACTURING (CIM)
YEAR/SEMESTER : IV/VII
Prepared By
MANIMARAN.M
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
K.RAMAKRISHNAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
TRICHY M.MANIMARAN KRCE TRICHY 1/25/2016 1
UNIT III GROUP TECHNOLOGY AND CAPP
Similar parts bare arranged into part families, where each part family
possesses similar design and/or manufacturing characteristics.
• It involves the classification of parts into families by looking at either the physical parts or their
photographs and arranging them into groups having similar features.
Solution
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The form code M.MANIMARAN
in the OptizKRCE TRICHY
system is 15100 17
MICLASS System
• It stands for Metal Institute Classification system and developed by Netherlands
Organization for Applied Scientific research. It is referred as Multiclass system.
• MICLASS classification range from 1 to 30 digits. Universal code the first 12 digits
code and next 18 digits are Supplementary code
Data collection
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Cluster analysis M.MANIMARAN KRCE TRICHY 20
Production Flow Analysis (PFA)
• The procedure of Production flow analysis (PFA) consists of the following steps:
1. Data Collection. The minimum data needed in the analysis are the part number and operation
sequence, which is obtained from process plans.
2. Sortation of process plans A sortation procedure is used to group parts with identical process
plans.
3. PFA Chart The processes used for each group are then displayed in a PFA chart as shown
below.
4. Clustering Analysis From the pattern of data in the PFA chart, related groupings are identified
and rearranged into a new pattern that brings together groups with similar machine sequences.
Part ‘Number’
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1
Machine ID
2 1 1
3 1 1
4 1 1 1
5 1 1 1
Decimal
Part Numbers equivalent
Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6
B.
25 24 23 22 21 20
Wt:
Machine ID
1 1 1 23+21 = 10 5
2 1 1 24+23 = 24 4
3 1 1 25+22=36 2
4 24+23+21 =
1 1 1 3
26
5 1 1 1 25+22+20=37 1
1 2 3 4 5 6
Machine ID 5 1 1 1
3 1 1
4 1 1 1
2 1 1
1 1 1
B. WT. 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 24 1 1 1
Machine ID
3 23 1 1
4 22 1 1 1
2 21 1 1
1 20 1 1
Decimal 24+23 22+21= 22+21+ 24+23= 22+20=
0 24=16
equivalent = 24 6 2 =7 24 5
Rank 1 5 4 2 6 3
1 4 6 3 2 5
B Wt: 25 24 23 22 21 20
5 1 1 1 25+24+ 23=56 1
3 1 1 25+24= 48 2
4 1 1 1 22+21+ 20 = 7 3
2 1 1 22+21=6 4
1 1 1 22+20=5 5
M T D T G
D M M S T
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Functional (or) process layout
Process planning
Step 5: Continue preceding steps until there is no change in the position of each
1/25/2016
element in the row and theM.MANIMARAN
column.KRCE TRICHY 33
Example #1
Consider a problem of 5 machines and 6 parts. Try to group them by using
Rank Order Clustering Algorithm.
Component (j)
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1
Machines (i)
2 1 1
3 1 1
4 1 1 1
5 1 1 1
Decimal
Component (j) equivalent
Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6
B.
25 24 23 22 21 20
Wt:
Machines (i)
1 1 1 23+21 = 10 5
2 1 1 24+23 = 24 4
3 1 1 25+22=36 2
4 24+23+21 =
1 1 1 3
26
5 1 1 1 25+22+20=37 1
1 2 3 4 5 6
Machines (i) 5 1 1 1
3 1 1
4 1 1 1
2 1 1
1 1 1
B. WT. 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 24 1 1 1
Machines (i)
3 23 1 1
4 22 1 1 1
2 21 1 1
1 20 1 1
Decimal 24+23 22+21= 22+21+ 24+23= 22+20=
0 24=16
equivalent = 24 6 2 =7 24 5
Rank 1 5 4 2 6 3
1 4 6 3 2 5
B Wt: 25 24 23 22 21 20
5 1 1 1 25+24+ 23=56 1
Machines (i)
3 1 1 25+24= 48 2
4 1 1 1 22+21+ 20 = 7 3
2 1 1 22+21=6 4
1 1 1 22+20=5 5
• The cycle from concept to design, planning, production, quality control and
feedback to design goes on in which one can easily understand the crucial role
of planning.
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Role of Process Planning in CAD/CAM Integration
Advantages of MPP
Very much suitable for small scale company
Low investment cost
Disadvantages of MPP
Skilled process planner
Very complex and time consuming job
More possibilities for human error
Increases paper work
Part
GT Code Process Plan New
Description
Retrieve/Edit Process Plan
Master Plans
Database
Process sequence
Standard plans and Materials
CUTPLAN Metcut Code
decision tree Machines
Tools and Fixtures
Process sequence
CAPP CAM-I Code Standard plans
Process sequence
Materials
Intractive Part
DCLASS CAM lab BYU Decision Tree Machines
Description
Tools and Fixtures
1/25/2016 M.MANIMARAN KRCE TRICHY 52
Advantages / Disadvantages of Variant type CAPP
Advantages
• Reduction of time and labour requirement.
• Processing and evaluation of complicated activities and managerial issues are done in
an efficient manner.
• Structuring manufacturing knowledge of the process plans to company’s needs
through standardized procedures.
Disadvantages
• Difficult to maintain consistency during editing.
• Proper accommodation of various combinations of attributes such as material,
geometry, size, precision, quality, alternate processing sequence and machine loading
among many other factors are difficult.
• Quality
1/25/2016is dependent on knowledge M.MANIMARAN
and skillKRCEofTRICHY
planner. 53
Generative Approaches to CAPP
Part New
Process Plan
Descriptive Process Plan
Logic
System
Manufacturing Database
• CADAM
• BYUPLAN
• GENPLAN
• PROPLAN
• Drawbacks
1/25/2016 is complex and very difficult
M.MANIMARAN to develop
KRCE TRICHY 55
Computer Managed Process Planning (CMPP)