Dredging Phases

• 4 phases
– excavation
– lifting
– transportation
– disposal

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 Dredging Phases
• Excavation of the in-situ material by
– cutter head
– draghead
– cutting edge of a bucket
• Main environmental aspects
– Increase of suspended sediments
– Mixing of soil layers
– Dilution (in case of hydraulic dredging)

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 Dredging Phases
• Raising the material
– mechanically  backhoe, dipper, bucket ladder
dredger
– hydraulically  cutter suction, trailing suction
hopper, disc bottom, auger and sweep dredgers
• Main environmental aspects
– Release of suspended sediments
– Loose and mobile spill layers
– Density of material
– Overflow during loading of hopper or barges
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 Dredging Phases
• Horizontal transport
by
– hydraulic pipeline
– hopper dredgers
– barges
– also: trucks or
conveyor belts
• Main environmental
aspects
– safety
– dilution
– spillage
– noise and air pollution
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 Dredging Phases
• Placement or further treatment
– reclamation of a site
– beach nourishment
– wetland creation
– relocation on land, in a pit or at sea (underwater)
• Main environmental aspects
– Occupation of space and surface
– Dispersion of the deposited material
– Noise and air pollution
– Groundwater quality
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 Environmental Dredging
• Often with normal equipment
• Sometimes with adapted procedures
• When required, with special tools

• Always resulting in lower output, higher cost

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 Suction Dredger (SD)

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Chapter 3: Dredging Equipment
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