Haldia Institute of Technology

Final Test – May, 2019

Paper Name: Fluid Mechanics Paper Code: CHECC303

Full Marks: 70 Time: 3 hrs

GROUP – A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions)
1. Choose the correct alternatives for any ten of the following: [10 × 1 = 10]
(i) Bernoulli’s equation for steady frictionless flow states that, along a stream line
(A) Total pressure is constant
(B) Total mechanical energy is constant
(C) Velocity head constant
(D) None of these
(ii) The shear stress-shear rate relationship for a liquid whose apparent viscosity decreases with
increasing shear rate is given by
𝑑𝑣 𝑛−1 𝑑𝑣
(A) 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = −𝑚 [ 𝑑𝑦𝑥 ] 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
for n<1
𝑑𝑣𝑥 𝑛
(B) 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = −𝑚 [ ] for n=1
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑣 𝑛−1 𝑑𝑣
(C) 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = −𝑚 [ 𝑑𝑦𝑥 ] 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
for n>1
𝑑𝑣
(D) 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = −𝑚 [ 𝑑𝑦𝑥 ] + 𝜏0
(iii) For an ideal fluid flow, the Reynolds number is
(A) Infinity (B) zero (C) one (D) 2100
(iv) Tooth paste is
(A) Bingham plastic (B) Pseudoplastic (C) Newtonian fluid (D) Dilatant
fluid
(v) For dilatant fluid, the magnitude of slope of the shear stress versus the velocity gradient curve
…………. With increasing velocity gradient.
(A) Increases (B) decreases (C) remains unchanged (D) May decrease
or increase
(vi) Boundary layer separation is characterized by one of the following conditions given below,
where Re is the Reynolds number for flow. Select the appropriate conditions.
(A) Re << 1, accelerating flow
(B) Re >> 1, accelerating flow
(C) Re << 1, decelerating flow
(D) Re >> 1, decelerating flow
(vii) The operation of a rotameter is based on
(A) Variable flow area
(B) Rotation of a turbine
(C) Pressure drop across a nozzle
(D) Pressure at a stagnation point
(viii) A spherical particle is falling slowly in a viscous liquid such that Reynolds number is less than 1,
which statement is correct for this situation
(A) Inertial and drag forces are important
(B) Drag, gravitational and buoyancy forces are important
(C) Drag force and gravitational forces are important
None of the above
(ix) For a laminar flow of a fluid through a packed bed of spheres of diameter ‘d’, the pressure drop
per unit length of bed depends upon the sphere diameter as
1
(A) D (B) D2 (C) D4 (D) 𝐷2
(x) For flow through a horizontal system, the ratio of exit pressure to inlet pressure is found to be
greater than one.
(A) The system is converging pipe line
(B) The system is a diverging pipeline
(C) The system is a pipeline of uniform diameter
(D) The observation is not possible
(xi) The condition that is not necessary for the applicability of Bernoulli’s equation is
(A) Steady state (B) incompressible (C) Inviscid (D) Rotational
(xii) Two iron pipes of the same nominal diameter but different schedule numbers will have
(A) The same inside diameter
(B) The same outside diameter
(C) The same wall thickness
(D) None of the above

GROUP – B
(Short Answer Type Questions)
Answer any three of the following. 3  5 = 15
2. Define Reynolds number. What is its significance?
3. Explain the term (i) ideal fluid and (ii) stream line
4. A simple manometer is used to measure the pressure drop across an orifice. Liquid A is
mercury (density 13,590 kg/m3) and fluid B, flowing through the orifice and filling the
manometer leads, is brine (density 1260 kg/m3). When the pressures at the taps are equal, the
level of the mercury in the manometer is 0.9 m below the orifice taps. Under operatig conditions,
the gauge pressure at the upstream tap is 0.14 bar; the pressure at the downstream tap is 250 mm
Hg below atmospheric. What is the reading of the manometer in millimeters?

GROUP – C
(Long Answer Type Questions)
Answer any three of the following. 3 × 15 = 45

5. (a) Discuss Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids with characteristic plots.

(b) What is manometer? How are they classified? [8+7]
6. (a) Define Newton’s law of viscosity
 (b) State and derive Bernoullis equation. List the assumption also.
(c) What is boundary layer separation [3+7+5]
7. Describe the working principle of (i) venturi meter, (ii) orifice meter and (iii) rotameter with
proper diagram. [5+5+5]