ETHNIC GROUP – B

“HUNGARIANS”
 INTRODUCTION TO THE ETHNIC GROUP – B

Hungarians are from the country Hungary. They arrived in

Hungary in 895 AD. Hungary is a central European country and it is situated in Carpathian
Basin, with Ukraine and Romania bordering it from the East, Slovakia bordering it from the
North, Croatia bordering it from the South and Austria bordering it from the West.
According to the census 2011 Hungarians make up about 8,314,029(83.7%) of the
population in Hungary.

Hungarians call themselves Magyar. They are given the name

‘Hungarians’ according to the belief among all the Europeans that they are related to the
‘Huns’. 99.6% of Hungarians speak Hungarian which is a Uralic language related to Finnish
and Estonian.

The majority of the Hungarians are Christians 52.9% a 37.1% of

Hungarians are Roman Catholics.

The traditional Hungarian Folk costumes are not so common now but
they are still sometime worn for the festival and weddings. Hungarians wearing the
traditional Hungarians Folk costumes and doing Ugros (jumping dance ) Karikazo (acircle
dance performed by only the women) solo, couple and shepherd dances accompanied by old
style music truly represent Hungarians culture.
 NAME OF THE CLOTHING , DRESS STYLES AND DIAGRAMS.

Traditional Hungarians Folk costume

 WOMEN’S COSTUME
Women’s costume consists of:-

1. BLOUSE

The blouse was wore those days with puffed

sleeves but it is currently worn with short set in sleeves. It
also has an opening in the back. By most women blouses with
long sleeves are also worn.

2. BODICE

It is sleeveless and has a front opening. It is worn

over the blouse and it extends to the waist. It’s richly embroidered.
 3. SKIRT
The skirt is always pleated and it hangs below the knee. In the 20 th century it
extended to about mid calf . Underneath the skirt a narrow underskirt is worn and over it a
number of full petticoats are worn.

 A vest over a white blouse and a decorative skirt often make up the women's
Hungarian traditional costume. Traditional costumes can be worn for festivals and
holidays, weddings, or other special occasions.
 4. HEAD GEAR

Girls wear a ribbon folded many times to form a bow on top of the head.
Scarves, caps or bonnets rich with embroidery, open work, ribbons and lace are also worn
as headdresses. Bonnets are worn by married women.

A simple flower wreath adorns the crown of this woman dressed in Hungarian traditional
clothing. The necklaces around her neck add a splash of color to the delicate, lacy blouse
she wears over her brightly-colored, flower-printed skirt.

Bonnets
 Cap decorated with ribbons

A girl wearing Hungarian traditional folk costume and the headdress is made by folding a
ribbon folded multiple times to form a bow.
 5. APRON

The apron is tied around the waist and worn with the costume. It is slightly
gathered at the sides on top and its bottom takes a round shape.

6. FOOT WEAR

As foot wear women usually wear backless cols with short heels. Other foot
wear styles such as boots are also worn as apart of their traditional attire. They worn knitted
stockings those days but recently they are replaced with white tights.
  MEN’S COSTUME
Men’s costume is one of the two types typical of the Great Plain. Black hat, black pants,
traditionally with a flap in front and black braid, sometimes jodhpur style. Back vest also
likely with black braid , black boots white shirt in the typical Hungarians cut with kalocsa
styles embroidery on the front collar and cuffs.
 These men's boots accompany the national dress of Hungary. Notice the different
variations. The boots on the left show the brightly colored embroidery that is so much a part
of Hungarian traditional costumes. The boots on the right are plain, but they are not without
decoration. A braided strip of leather adorns the boot's cuff.
 FABRIC TYPES
The woven , cotton and linen fabric and knitted fabric is mainly used for the
Hungarians costumes. Sometime used to make socks.

Over the chemise, a white bodice is worn of linen or cotton with opening.
 TEXTILE DECORATIONS.
Embroidey is the most attractive textiles decoration found in women and men attire.

Usually in the blouse on the front under the neck and on the sleeves embroidery
is found. The bodice worn by females are embroidered. The sleeve ends are usually bound
with open work.

Skirts are sometimes made of flowered print fabric. Aprons are also heavily
embroidered and either edges are scalloped with cut work. Beautiful embroidered is found
on the bonnents too.
 The apron is embroidered in a more pure Richelieu style, white on white. It also
shows a feature more common in the past, a row of cut work with ribbon threaded through
it.

Hungariens Kalocs weeding dress

Hand embroidered.

In men’s costume the front collars and cuffs are embroiderd.

 COLOURS.

In women’s wears the blouse and bodice are white but they have been
embroided with very coloureful sewing thread such as, red, blue, green ect. Skirt is sewn
from a solid mid tone colour such as red , pink , violet , green, blue ect.

In men’s wear the pants, waist coat, hat and boots are black and the shirt is white .
Embroidery have been done with colourful sewing threads such as red blue green ect.
 ACCESSORIES

Accessories such as lace and ribbons are found in the skirts of the
women’s costumes. One or two bands of ribbons or lace have been sewn on to body of the
skirt and laces have been sewn to its hem. Some times ribbons used for the decorationg the
apron and they are used in headdresses too. Embroidered thread from various colours are
used for embroidering purposes.
ETHNIC GROUP – A
“ZHUANG”
 INTROCTION TO THE ETHNIC GROUP- A

The Zhuang ethnic group in China.It mainly live in provinces of Yunnan,

Huizhou, Guangxi, Hunan and Sichuan. Zhuang people 18 million in chine. It makes them
the largest minority in china. They form one of the 56 ethnic group officially recognized by
the people’s Republic of china.

The Zhuang belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family. The Zhuang are
polytheistics. They worship their ancestors and also pray to large stoness and trees, snakes,
birds, and the earth. They offer sacrifices to the Mountain God, the Water God, the Kitchen
God , the Sun God and other. Their many sacrifices are supposed to protect their livestock,
their crop, and their families.

In Zhuang, It some rural areas, the Zhuang preserve their no collar and buttons
down the left side , loose trousers and embroidered apron. Some wear navy printed straight
skirts with embroidered shoes and embroidered scarves on their heads. The Zhuang wear
two piece plain clothing in muted , dark colors.

In festival, besides traditional chinese festival including chinese New year,

Dragon Boat festival, Mid Autumn festival, Double Ninth festival. Zhuang people also stage
their own festival. Such as, Zhuang New Year, Sanyusan, Yabai Festival, Chili festival,
Lutotuo festivals.
 NAME OF THE CLOTHING , DRESS STYLES AND DIAGRAMS.

In Zhuang clothes, it maing three coloure used for the dress. Namely,
Blue, Back and Brown coloure. Women’s summer clothes, consist of two joined pieces of
cloth,black at the front and a dyed and embroidered back. Women’s winter cloths, sleeves
without buttons. Whatever the season they also wear a blue pleated skirt covering the knees
and displaying a pattern of three circles with edges that are embroidered in red nonwoven
silk. Their jackets and skirts all use unique decorative techniques.

The women in wear collarless, embroidered jackets that button along left
side either wide trousers or pleatead skirts. But, married womens will wear embroiedered
belts or will have band embroidered around theire jackets. Therefore, women wear collarless
jackets that button up the left side but prefer to wear black square headband and loose
trousers.
 Therefore, men and women design for the designs. It include a blue balck collar
with buttons downs the front and a chicken pattern down either side. This trousers go to the
knee. It made from white cloth with a black border. For ceremonial accasions they wear a
blue-edged jacket with chicken, flower haven unique set of five patterns at the kees.

They used for the caps. Womens used for

the black wool hats.Headwears childern caps for kids
are sewed with a piece of embroidered cloths,
Bareheaded and barefooted covering of forehead area
 FABRIC TYPES

There are many materials used for the cloths. Cloths are ramie cloth, hemp
cloths and kadzu cloth. It used for the woven with cotton, silk and sometimes embroidered
fabric used for the cloths.

TEXTILES DECORATIONS

They used for the many decoration. The common techniques are Border,
Embroidery, Inlay and Coiling.

Decorations are many colourful and can be used to dye in blue , red, balck ,
green and brown.
 COLOURE

Zhuang clothing are greatly colors, which include blue, black and brown. Cloths can be
used dye the in blue, balck, brown and green.

ACCESSORIES
Zhuang peoples manily used for the silver ornaments.
 TAJ 5342 HISTORY AND
TRADITIONAL OF CLOTHING

MINI PROJECT 01

NAME - H.W.N.P. Kumara

REG.NO - 313172994
SUB. DATE. - 13.02.2020
REFERANCE

 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/325033298089174017/
 https://www.tripsavvy.com/hungarian-folk-costumes-
1501601
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuang_people
 https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/nationality/
zhuang.htm