KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY

BUDHA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

BUDHA GROUP OF INSTITUTES
INDRI ROAD, RAMBA, KARNAL, HARYANA

A THESIS PROPOSAL ON DEISGNING

TOURIST RESORT
FOR PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE COMPLETION OF
BACHELORS DEGREE IN ARCHITECTURE

SUBMITTED TO:
PROF.
THESIS COORDINATOR

SUBMITTED BY:
SUMAN GOSWAMI
DATE:
TABLE OF CONTENT

1. BACKGROUND
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 WHAT IS RESORT
2.2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESORTS
2.3 TOURISM SCENARIO IN INDIA
2.4 NEED OF A RESORT
3. INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
4. JUSTIFICATION
5. AIM
6. OBJECTIVE
7. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
8. METHODOLOGY
9. PROPOSED CASE STUDY,
10. PROTOTYPE STUDY
11. LITERATURE STUDY
12. PROJECT OUTPUT
13. SITE ANALYSIS AND LOCATION INFORMATION
13.1 SWOT ANALYSIS OF SITE
14. PROGRAM FORMULATION AND AREA ANALYSIS
15. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to pay my deep respect to my professor AR…………… for his valuable guidance
and advice. It would have been a hard task for me to choose my thesis topic without his
suggestion and I am pleased to have him as our thesis coordinator.
I would also like to acknowledge seniors and friends for their worthy suggestions and advice.
At last, I would like to thank all of them who directly or indirectly helped during preparation
of this thesis proposal.

SUMAN GOSWAMI
Session 2015-2019
Roll No: 151651324
1.0 BACKGROUND

India comprises only 2.4 % of the land area in a global scale but is endowed with
disproportionately rich diversity of flora and fauna; heart seizing scenic beauty; diverse culture;
ethnic etiquettes. India’s diverse and magnificent environment along with the country’s
hospitable and pleasant people has made her one of the major tourist destinations for world
around.
The diverse geology, climate, and biodiversity within North to South and East to West has a
length and variation in culture, tradition, built forms, and socio-economic pattern is a
uniqueness of India. One can experience scorching heat to freezing cold in India, with a great
natural and cultural variance, which is almost hard to get anywhere in any other part of the
world as the climate here has the extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from
tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions
receive sustained winter snowfall.
Globalization has narrowed the boundaries between countries and people’s curiosity is
dragging them here and there creating new form of social language, Tourism. Touring is a
historic concept but it has not been half a century, it developed as industry and gained its pace
to highly advanced state. Now, if we stare on present trend, tourism has been an essential part
of local as well national economy. Countries like Switzerland, Thailand, Maldives, China,
South Africa etc. well known for tourism industry whose national economy rely on it. Dubai
has forecasted 2030 A.D to be the time when it’s all oil resources exhaust. Thus, they has
planned to make it world’s prominent tourist destination by 2015 and which they are achieving
day by day and creating architectural oasis with tones and tones of money on constructing
marvelous, iconic buildings like Burj Dubai, Burj-al-Arab, Palm Island so that people all
around fly there to enjoy the charm of modern architecture. Thailand is well known for mall
tourism, where foreigner goes for shopping, tourist goes Switzerland for ski, Africa for wild
safari and so on.
India has also huge potential in this sector, as tourism is one of the major sources of foreign
exchange earner for the country and accounts for more than 8 % (as per 2017) of the total GDP
and more than 37.317 million jobs which make 8.1 % employment in India. The potential
Cultural and Natural tourism, which needs no extra infrastructural investment like in sports
tourism or in health tourism needs.
There are two forms of economic growth caused by tourism, one is local which is due to internal
tourism, and other is national due to international tourism. The current trend of internal tourism
is so charming that few places like, Rishikesh and Haridwar in Uttarakhand, Varanasi in Uttar
Pradesh many places in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Goa,
Mumbai and Jaipur and Udaipur in Rajasthan, Delhi, and most of the part of North East region
are blooming due to internal tourism. But, at the same time if there is a point to upgrade the
national economy, it has to be focused on international tourism where people around the world
travel miles and spent thousands of dollars to feel the scenic and cultural beauty abroad.
Planner and economist have realized that economy of India can be flourished through tourism.
Every year there is about 15% to 20% tourist visit India and day by day it is increasing as India
is being discovered. The number is high in terms of accommodation that is available in current
situation, hence, it can be understood that to meet this target in 2025 or some years later, it is
very necessary to create sufficient space with proper facilities. It is seen that in India tourism
is mostly attracted to the place like Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Goa,
Mumbai, Kerala and prefers to say in Resorts or Recreational Resorts where they can find some
fun and leisure actives to enjoy their weekend or vacations as compared to Hotel or Lodge.
There are very a smaller number of Resorts as compared to Hotels and Lodges and so, Resort
tourism is not so flourished in India as has to be. Resort can provide versatile functions and
amenities and we are not being able to have masterpiece resort to advocate all the demands,
though there are many attempts made it better in terms of Resorts in India.
2. INTRODUTION
2.1. WHAT IS RESORT
Resort is a place to spent holiday for relaxation and recreation so that, one can give dynamism
to their leisure time.
Oxford’s dictionary defines resort as place that is frequented for holidays or recreation or for a
particular purpose. For examples
 One can go and swim in resort.
 Can have lunch
 Can go just to pass time
 Plan an overnight stay and lit campfire,
 Artist can complete their portrait, novelist can finish novel
 A poet can create his poem and
 Tourist can have charming stay there.

A resort also can function as a

 conference center,
 As a meeting center,
 As a banquette,
 As a restaurant,
 As a health club
 And various other functions.
 A resort could be day serving and night serving, and it provides the cuisine service.

According to the new definition, ‘A resort is a full-service lodging facility that provides access
to or offers a range of amenities and recreation facilities to emphasize a leisure experience.
Resorts serve as the primary provider of the guests’ experience, often provide services for
business and meetings, and are characteristically located in vacation-oriented settings.
If we go through the history of resort, it dates back to Roman era where ‘Theme’ serves
multifunctional recreation activity and most popular among this is Baiae. There may be
numerous forms of resort like,
- Nature Resort
- Adventure Resort
- Eco Resort
- Health Resort
- Argo- Resort
- Sport Resort
However, the purpose is same, that they all serve people and among them majority is foreign
tourist. Resort being discussed here is self-contained one, and another form of resort could be
resort town where facilities are dispersed with in a small town or area. So, if we go through the
structural formation of resort then there are two types of resort;
1. Self-contained of integrated resort
A modern form of resort where one can have all the resort facilities within a boundary.
All the functions are incorporated but the scope of resort may vary as we have discussed
above, like a resort focusing on sports may not concern in health facilities, like wise
wildlife safari resort may not pay attention to mountaineering. But it is true that resort
is self-contained units, where it is possible to have as much facilities as a dweller need.
 2. Resort town:
It is often understood as a traditional form of resort but this type carries essence of
resort where functions and facilities are scattered in a small town, which focuses on
tourism as its primary occupation.
Resort can be classified into several categories and have guidelines to rate them, but according
to service provided by them, it could be day resort with recreational facilities like, spa, sports,
sauna, health and cuisine facilities with several restaurant, bars, and various other amenities.
Other resort is that which provides lodging facilities with all necessary service requirements.
There is a guideline stated by Centre for Resort and Hospitality Business for resorts having
lodging facility. This sort of resort shall,

- Provide one signature amenity or anchor attribute

- Provide five secondary recreation/leisure/entertainment experiences
- Provide one full-service food & beverage outlet
- Bed-base must include short-term or overnight lodging
- Minimum of 25 rooms or other accommodations (exception to minimum for
properties with two signature amenity/anchor attributes)
- Emphasize a leisure or retreat-environment experience

The definition of few terms’ states above,

Signature Amenities:
Signature amenities are amenities, attractions, and geographically significant attributes that a
resort requires to provide in order to be considered as a resort. These include, for example:
golf, ski/mountain, beach/ocean, lakeside, casino/gaming, all-inclusiveness,
spa/health/wellness, marina, tennis, and Water Park. For property-generated or fabricated
amenities, they need to be considered full-service to be a signature amenity.

Anchor Attribute:
It is minimum number of amenities that a resort should provide in addition to lodging and
cuisine facility. The minimum number of amenities is five, below this number; it is no more
resort. Among various facilities like Health, Gymnasium, Sports, Library, Museum, Swimming
pool, Educational, Dude ranch, Casino, Discotheque etc., it should have minimum of five.

A mixture of various amenities, majestic hospitality, fantastic built structures and creative
landscapes will create illustrative resort.

2.2 Different Types of Resorts

i) Nature Resorts
Natural resort is a place where people can experience nature in its purest form, staying in a
small island, in a forest, in mountain or in the bank of a river. It is a place where people can fill
the touch of nature with all the high standard facilities within a boundary.

ii) Adventure Resort

Adventure resort are the place where tourist can find tourist activities that include a physical
activity, a cultural exchange, or activities in nature.

Adventure tourism is about connecting with a new culture or a new landscape and being
physically active at the same time. It is not about being risky or pushing their boundaries. In
fact, it is especially important to know and respect their limits while you are in an unfamiliar
area. list of adventure tourism activities has plenty of options which are as follows-

a) Day Hiking
b) Backpacking
c) Zip Lining Climbing
d) Free Fall
e) Rafting Mountain
f) Biking Skiing and
g) Snowboarding

iii) Eco Resort

An Eco Resorts, or a Green Resorts, is an environmentally sustainable resorts or

accommodation that has made important environmental improvements to its structure in
order to minimize its impact on the natural environment. The basic definition of an eco-
friendly resorts is an environmentally responsible lodging that follows the practices of green
living. These resorts have to be certified green by an independent third-party or by the state
they are located in. Traditionally, these resorts were mostly presented as Eco Lodges because
of their location, often in jungles, and their design inspired by the use of traditional building
methods applied by skilled local craftsmen in areas, such as Costa Rica and Indonesia.

These improvements can include non-toxic housekeeping practices, the use of renewable
energy, organic soaps, energy-efficient light fixtures, and recycling programs. It is beneficial
for these resorts to get certain certifications in order to be environmentally compliant. One
beneficial certification specifically for resorts is the LEED certification. A LEED-certified
resorts provides benefits to the environment through energy efficient practices. An eco-resort
should follow a set of best practices in order to do their part to benefit the environment. Some
of these best practices include serving local organic food in restaurants, reusing linens when a
guest is staying for more than one night, and incorporating in
room recycling and composting programs. Resorts that have these certifications and best
practices can attract environmentally conscious travelers and stand out from other resorts.

iv) Health Resort or SPA

A Health resort or a Destination spa is a resort cantered on a spa, such as a mineral spa.
Historically many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral
springs; in the era before modern biochemical knowledge and pharmacotherapy, "taking the
waters" was often believed to have great medicinal powers. Even without such mystic
powers, however, the stress relief and health education of spas also often has some degree of
positive effect on health. Typically, over a seven-day stay, such facilities provide a
comprehensive program that includes spa services, physical fitness activities, wellness
education, healthy cuisine, and special interest programming.
Some destination spas offer an all-inclusive program that includes facilitated fitness classes,
healthy cuisine, educational classes and seminars as well as similar services to a beauty
salon or a day spa. Guests reside and participate in the program at a destination spa instead of
just visiting for a treatment or pure vacation. Some destination spas are in exotic locations or
in spa towns.
Destination spas have been in use for a considerable time, and some are no longer used but
preserved as elements of earlier history; for example, Gilroy Yamato Hot
Springs in California is such a historically used spa whose peak patronage occurred in the late
19th and early 20th century.
Resort spas are generally located in resorts and offer similar services via rooms with
services, meals, body treatments and fitness a la carte.
Typical services include:

 Balneotherapy
 Body treatments such as body wraps, aromatherapy
 Cooking lessons
 Electrolysis
 Facials - facial cleansing with a variety of products
 Fitness consultation
 Hair care spa treatment
 Ionithermie
 Massage
 Medical treatment
 Nail care (manicure and pedicure)
 Nutrition counselling
 Skin exfoliation - including chemical peels and microdermabrasion
 Waxing - the removal of body hair with hot wax
 Weight loss

v) Argo- Resort
Agro-eco-tourism offers an opportunity to experience the real enchanting
and authentic contact with the rural life, taste the local genuine food and
get familiar with the various farming tasks. It also provides the welcome
escape from the daily hectic life in the peaceful rural environment and
to relax and revitalize in the pure natural environment, surrounded by
magnificent landscape.

Agro-eco-tourism can contribute towards a green economy transition

through investments leading to energy and water efficiency, waste
reduction, biodiversity and cultural heritage conservation, and the
strengthening of linkages with local communities. The publication
of technical bulletin on “Agro-Eco-Tourism - A new Dimension to
Agriculture” by the ICAR Research Complex for Goa, will be a treat to
those who wish to experience the nature closely.
2.3 Tourism Scenario in India

i) Tourism Development in India

i.i) Early Development:

The first conscious and organized efforts to promote tourism in India were made in
1945 when a committee was set up by the Government under the Chairmanship of Sir
John Sargent, the then Educational Adviser to the Government of India. Thereafter,
the development of tourism was taken up in a planned manner in 1956 coinciding
with the Second Five Year Plan. The approach has evolved from isolated planning of
single unit facilities in the Second and Third Five Year Plans. The Sixth Plan marked
the beginning of a new era when tourism began to be considered a major instrument
for social integration and economic development.
But it was only after the 80’s that tourism activity gained momentum. The
Government took several significant steps. A National Policy on tourism was
announced in 1982. Later in 1988, the National Committee on Tourism formulated a
comprehensive plan for achieving a sustainable growth in tourism. In 1992, a National
Action Plan was prepared and in 1996 the National Strategy for Promotion of
Tourism was drafted. In 1997, the New Tourism Policy recognises the roles of Central
and State governments, public sector undertakings and the private sector in the
development of tourism were. The need for involvement of Panchayati Raj
institutions, local bodies, non-governmental organisations and the local youth in the
creation of tourism facilities has also been recognised.

i.ii) Present Situation and Features of Tourism in India:

Today tourism is the largest service industry in India, with a contribution of 6.23% to
the national GDP and providing 8.78% of the total employment. India witnesses more
than 5 million annual foreign tourist arrivals and 562 million domestic tourism visits.
The Tourism Industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is
expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The
Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for the development and promotion of
tourism in India and maintains the "Incredible India" campaign.
According to World Travel and Tourism Council, India will be a tourism hotspot from
2009-2018, having the highest 10-year growth potential. As per the Travel and
Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009 by the World Economic Forum, India is
ranked 11th in the Asia Pacific region and 62nd overall, moving up three places on
the list of the world's attractive destinations. It is ranked the 14th best tourist
destination for its natural resources and 24th for its cultural resources, with
many World Heritage Sites, both natural and cultural, rich fauna, and strong creative
industries in the country. India also bagged 37th rank for its air transport network. The
India travel and Tourism Industry ranked 5th in the long-term (10-year) growth and is
expected to be the second largest employer in the world by 2019. The 2010
Commonwealth Games in Delhi are expected to significantly boost tourism in India
further.
Moreover, India has been ranked the "best country brand for value-for-money" in the
Country Brand Index (CBI) survey conducted by Future Brand, a leading global
brand consultancy. India also claimed the second place in CBI's "best country brand
for history", as well as appears among the top 5 in the best country brand for
authenticity and art & culture, and the fourth best new country for business. India
made it to the list of "rising stars" or the countries that are likely to become major tourist
destinations in the next five years, led by the United Arab Emirates, China, and
Vietnam.

i.iii) Tourist Attractions in India:

India is a country known for its hospitality to all visitors, no matter where they come
from. Its visitor-friendly traditions, varied life styles and cultural heritage and
colourful fairs and festivals held abiding attractions for the tourists. The other
attractions include beautiful beaches, forests and wild life and landscapes for ecotourism;
snow, river and mountain peaks for adventure tourism; technological parks
and science museums for science tourism; centres of pilgrimage for spiritual tourism;
heritage, trains and hotels for heritage tourism. Yoga, ayurveda and natural health
resorts and hill stations also attract tourists.
The Indian handicrafts particularly, jewellery, carpets, leather goods, ivory and brass
work are the main shopping items of foreign tourists. It is estimated through survey
that nearly forty per cent of the tourist expenditure on shopping is spent on such
items.
Despite the economic slowdown, medical tourism in India is the fastest growing
segment of tourism industry, according to the market research report “Booming
Medical Tourism in India”. The report adds that India offers a great potential in the
medical tourism industry. Factors such as low cost, scale and range of treatments
provided in the country add to its attractiveness as a medical tourism destination.

i.iv) Initiatives to Boost Tourism:

Some of the recent initiatives taken by the Government to boost tourism include grant
of export house status to the tourism sector and incentives for promoting private
investment in the form of Income Tax exemptions, interest subsidy and reduced
import duty. The hotel and tourism-related industry has been declared a high priority
industry for foreign investment which entails automatic approval of direct investment
up to 51 per cent of foreign equity and allowing 100 per cent non-resident Indian
investment and simplifying rules regarding the grant of approval to travel agents, tour
operators and tourist transport operators.
The first-ever Indian Tourism Day was celebrated on January 25, 1998. The Year
1999 was celebrated as Explore India Millennium Year by presenting a spectacular
tableau on the cultural heritage of India at the Republic Day Parade and organising
India Tourism Expo in New Delhi and Khajuraho. Moreover, the campaign ‘Visit
India Year 2009’ was launched at the International Tourism Exchange in Berlin,
aimed to project India as an attractive destination for holidaymakers. The government
joined hands with leading airlines, hoteliers, holiday resorts and tour operators, and
offered them a wide range of incentives and bonuses during the period between April
and December, 2009.

i.v) Future Prospects:

According to the latest Tourism Satellite Accounting (TSA) research, released by the
World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) and its strategic partner Oxford
Economics:
The demand for travel and tourism in India is expected to grow by 8.2 per cent
between 2016 and 2019 and will place India at the third position in the world.
India's travel and tourism sector is expected to be the second largest employer in
the world, employing 40,037,000 by 2019.
Capital investment in India's travel and tourism sector is expected to grow at 8.8
per cent between 2016 and 2019.

The report forecasts India to get capital investment worth US$ 94.5 billion in the
travel and tourism sector in 2019.
India is projected to become the fifth fastest growing business travel destination
from 2016-2019 with an estimated real growth rate of 7.6 per cent.

1.3 Constraints:
The major constraint in the development of tourism in India is the non-availability of
adequate infrastructure including adequate air seat capacity, accessibility to tourist
destinations, accommodation and trained manpower in sufficient number.
Poor visitor experience, particularly, due to inadequate infrastructural facilities, poor
hygienic conditions and incidents of touting and harassment of tourists in some places
are factors that contribute to poor visitor experience.

2.0 ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF TOURISM IN INDIA

2.1 ECONOMICAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS
Tourism Industry in India has several positive and negative impacts on the economy
and society. These impacts are highlighted below.
2.1.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS:
1. Generating Income and Employment:
Tourism in India has emerged as an instrument of income and employment
generation, poverty alleviation and sustainable human development. It contributes
6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. Almost 20
million people are now working in the India’s tourism industry.
2. Source of Foreign Exchange Earnings:
Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in India. This has
favourable impact on the balance of payment of the country. The Tourism Industry in
India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to
US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate.
3. Preservation of National Heritage and Environment:
Tourism helps preserve several places which are of historical importance by declaring
them as heritage sites. For instance, the Taj Mahal, the Qutab Minar, Ajanta and
Ellora temples, etc, would have been decayed and destroyed had it not been for the
efforts taken by Tourism Department to preserve them. Likewise, tourism also helps
in conserving the natural habitats of many endangered species.

4. Developing Infrastructure:
Tourism tends to encourage the development of multiple-use infrastructure that
benefits the host community, including various means of transports, health care
facilities, and sports centres, in addition to the hotels and high-end restaurants that
cater to foreign visitors. The development of infrastructure has in turn induced the
development of other directly productive activities.
5. Promoting Peace and Stability:
Honey and Gilpin (2009) suggested that the Tourism Industry can also help promote
peace and stability in developing country like India by providing jobs, generating
income, diversifying the economy, protecting the environment, and promoting crosscultural
awareness. However, key challenges like adoption of regulatory frameworks,
mechanisms to reduce crime and corruption, etc, must be addressed if peaceenhancing
benefits from this industry are to be realized.
2.1.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS:
1. Undesirable Social and Cultural Change:
Tourism sometimes led to the destruction of the social fabric of a community. The
more tourists coming into a place, the more the perceived risk of that place losing its
identity. A good example is Goa. From the late 60's to the early 80's when the Hippy
culture was at its height, Goa was a haven for such hippies. Here they came in
thousands and changed the whole culture of the state leading to a rise in the use of
drugs, prostitution and human trafficking. This had a ripple effect on the country.
2. Increase Tension and Hostility:
Tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion between the tourists and the
local communities when there is no respect and understanding for each other’s culture
and way of life. This may further lead to violence and other crimes committed against
the tourists. The recent crime committed against Russian tourist in Goa is a case in
point.

3. Creating a Sense of Antipathy:

Tourism brought little benefit to the local community. In most all-inclusive package
tours more than 80% of travellers' fees go to the airlines, hotels and other
international companies, not to local businessmen and workers. Moreover, large hotel
chain restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local
staff for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from
reaping the benefit of their presence. This has often created a sense of antipathy
towards the tourists and the government.
4. Adverse Effects on Environment and Ecology:
One of the most important adverse effects of tourism on the environment is increased
pressure on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in each tourist locality. Increased
transport and construction activities led to large scale deforestation and destabilisation
of natural landforms, while increased tourist flow led to increase in solid waste
dumping as well as depletion of water and fuel resources. Flow of tourists to
ecologically sensitive areas resulted in destruction of rare and endangered species due
to trampling, killing, disturbance of breeding habitats. Noise pollution from vehicles
and public address systems, water pollution, vehicular emissions, untreated sewage,
etc. also have direct effects on bio-diversity, ambient environment and general profile
of tourist spots.

2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

The Tourism Industry in India can have several positive and negative impacts on the
environment which are discuss below.
2.2.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS:
1. Direct Financial Contributions:
Tourism can contribute directly to the conservation of sensitive areas and habitat.
Revenue from park-entrance fees and similar sources can be allocated specifically to
pay for the protection and management of environmentally sensitive areas. Special
fees for park operations or conservation activities can be collected from tourists or
tour operators.
2. Contributions to Government Revenues:
The Indian government through the tourism department also collect money in more
far-reaching and indirect ways that are not linked to specific parks or conservation
areas. User fees, income taxes, taxes on sales or rental of recreation equipment, and
license fees for activities such as rafting and fishing can provide governments with the
funds needed to manage natural resources. Such funds can be used for overall conservation
programs and activities, such as park ranger salaries and park
maintenance.
3. Improved Environmental Management and Planning:
Sound environmental management of tourism facilities and especially hotels can
increase the benefits to natural environment. By planning early for tourism
development, damaging and expensive mistakes can be prevented, avoiding the
gradual deterioration of environmental assets significant to tourism. The development
of tourism has moved the Indian government towards this direction leading to
improved environmental management.
4. Raising Environmental Awareness:
Tourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to
spread awareness of environmental problems when it brings people into closer contact
with nature and the environment. This confrontation heightens awareness of the value
of nature among the community and lead to environmentally conscious behavior and
activities to preserve the environment.

5. Protection and Preservation of Environment:

Tourism can significantly contribute to environmental protection, conservation and
restoration of biological diversity and sustainable use of natural resources. Because of
their attractiveness, pristine sites and natural areas are identified as valuable and the
need to keep the attraction alive can lead to creation of national parks and wildlife
parks.
In India, new laws and regulations have been enacted to preserve the forest and to
protect native species. The coral reefs around the coastal areas and the marine life that
depend on them for survival are also protected.

2.2.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS:

1. Depletion of Natural Resources:
Tourism development can put pressure on natural resources when it increases
consumption in areas where resources are already scarce.
(i) Water resources:
Water, especially fresh water, is one of the most critical natural resources. The
Tourism Industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf
courses and personal use of water by tourists. This can result in water shortages and
degradation of water supplies, as well as generating a greater volume of waste water.
(www.gdrc.org/uem/eco-tour/envi/index.html). In dryer regions like Rajasthan, the
issue of water scarcity is of particular concern.
(ii) Local resources:
Tourism can create great pressure on local resources like energy, food, and other raw
materials that may already be in short supply. Greater extraction and transport of these
resources exacerbates the physical impacts associated with their exploitation. Because
of the seasonal character of the industry, many destinations have ten times more
inhabitants in the high season as in the low season. A high demand is placed upon
these resources to meet the high expectations tourists often have (proper heating, hot
water, etc.).

(iii) Land degradation:

Important land resources include minerals, fossil fuels, fertile soil, forests, wetland
and wildlife. Increased construction of tourism and recreational facilities has
increased the pressure on these resources and on scenic landscapes. Direct impact on
natural resources, both renewable and nonrenewable, in the provision of tourist facilities is caused
by the use of land for accommodation and other infrastructure
provision, and the use of building materials (www.gdrc.org/uem/ecotour/
envi/index.html)
Forests often suffer negative impacts of tourism in the form of deforestation caused
by fuel wood collection and land clearing e.g. the trekking in the Himalayan region,
Sikkim and Assam.
2. Pollution
Tourism can cause the same forms of pollution as any other industry: air emissions,
noise, solid waste and littering, releases of sewage, oil and chemicals, even
architectural/visual pollution.
(i) Air and Noise Pollution:
Transport by air, road, and rail is continuously increasing in response to the rising
number of tourist activities in India. Transport emissions and emissions from energy
production and use are linked to acid rain, global warming and photochemical
pollution. Air pollution from tourist transportation has impacts on the global level,
especially from carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions related to transportation energy use.
And it can contribute to severe local air pollution. Some of these impacts are quite
specific to tourist activities where the sites are in remote areas like Ajanta and Ellora
temples. For example, tour buses often leave their motors running for hours while the
tourists go out for an excursion because they want to return to a comfortably airconditioned
bus.
Noise pollution from airplanes, cars, and buses, as well as recreational vehicles is an
ever-growing problem of modern life. In addition to causing annoyance, stress, and
even hearing loss for humans, it causes distress to wildlife, especially in sensitive
areas.

(ii) Solid waste and littering:

In areas with high concentrations of tourist activities and appealing natural attractions,
waste disposal is a serious problem and improper disposal can be a major despoiler of
the natural environment - rivers, scenic areas, and roadsides.
In mountain areas of the Himalayas and Darjeeling, trekking tourists generate a great
deal of waste. Tourists on expedition leave behind their garbage, oxygen cylinders
and even camping equipment. Such practices degrade the environment particularly in
remote areas because they have few garbage collection or disposal facilities
(iii) Sewage:
Construction of hotels, recreation and other facilities often leads to increased sewage
pollution. Wastewater has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist attractions,
damaging the flora and fauna. Sewage runoff causes serious damage to coral reefs
because it stimulates the growth of algae, which cover the filter-feeding corals,
hindering their ability to survive. Changes in salinity and siltation can have wideranging
impacts on coastal environments. And sewage pollution can threaten the
health of humans and animals. Examples of such pollution can be seen in the coastal
states of Goa, Kerela, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, etc.

3. Destruction and Alteration of Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a geographic area including all the living organisms (people, plants,
animals, and micro-organisms), their physical surroundings (such as soil, water, and
air), and the natural cycles that sustain them. Attractive landscape sites, such as sandy
beaches in Goa, Maharashtra, Kerela, Tamil Nadu; lakes, riversides, and mountain
tops and slopes, are often transitional zones, characterized by species-rich ecosystems.

The threats to and pressures on these ecosystems are often severe because such places
are very attractive to both tourists and developers. Examples may be cited from
Krushedei Island near Rameswaram. What was once called paradise for marine
biologists has been abandoned due to massive destruction of coral and other marine
life. Another area of concern which emerged at Jaisalmer is regarding the
deterioration of the desert ecology due to increased tourist activities in the desert.
Moreover, habitat can be degraded by tourism leisure activities. For example, wildlife
viewing can bring about stress for the animals and alter their natural behavior when
tourists come too close. Safaris and wildlife watching activities have a degrading
effect on habitat as they often are accompanied by the noise and commotion created
by tourists.

2.4 Need of a Resort

A tourism destination, resort in this instance, is a defined geographical area in which visitors spend
at least one night, and comprises tourism products such as accommodation, transportation,
infrastructure, facilities and services (Keyser, 2009). Resorts located at the destination attract
tourists and aim to fulfil all the wants, needs, requirements and entertainment of a tourist in one of
the premises in the area. The resort concept is developed through the provision of quality
accommodation, food and beverages, entertainment, recreational facilities, health amenities,
pleasant and restful surroundings, and high levels of service

Destination or resort attributes such as scenery, climate, activities, accommodation, accessibility,

cultural experience, security, serenity of environment, food and entertainment, service, reputation,
price, friendliness of staff, safety and security, nightlife and entertainment are of the most important
factors influencing its attractiveness and the tourist’s decision to visit it or not

In a addition to the homely comfort , people prefer to enjoy the weekends with and in
nature has physical as well as psylogical impact on minds of the people. Traffic development
and industrialization had lead to urbanization which had stolen the mental peace of the
human. In this endeavour of man to escape from the urban chaos has created recreational
space to quench his theist for mental peace, relaxation and change of environment.

3. Justification
In present context, tourism in holds a great potential to establish itself as a
significant means of economy. This sector has a great potentiality to generate
foreign revenue, which can bring about immediate socio-economic benefit from
small investments .A well-synchronized and planned resort, which caters the modern
amenities as per the requirement of the visitors, is a present need. We can find
many resorts here and only few of which are fulfilling these needs. In addition, most
of the resorts are oriented to limited service focusing only foreigners and paying very
little attention to urban haves. The multifunctional resorts are still absent in and this
proposed resort will be one of the iconic resort with all resort facilities which will
ultimately promote resort tourism. The fact that, is still deficient of required hotel
rooms comparing to tourists inflow, it is said that, the present number of hotel can
only hold up to half a million visitors in a year. The tourist estimated to visit in
tourism year 2011 is far more that the holding capacity of available accommodation.
Thus, if we are really upon the promotion of tourism, we may receive more than 1
million visitors a year, if not this year then probably the next, so there is still need
of huge numbers of hotels, resorts, lodges, home stays etc. Viewing the present
scenario of the world, the issue of eco-sensitive and sustainable architecture must
be raised by the architects and we as a architect can alter the landscape and built
form for which we need to understand and be responsible for its far-reaching
consequences. The future is hard to predict but some things are certain. There will
 be rise inurban population in developing economies and an increase in levels of
income. This projectwill pay its attention towards the global energy crisis and climate
change though it is a worth less effort to give impact in global scale, but it will
certainly create an example and impact locally as there is saying, think locally, impact
globally. This proposed resort could be the masterpiece of all resort that are
functioning today and will approach to give it globalidentification. The most
important part is socio-economic impact. The society has changed a lot from
traditional to modern and still in the stage of metamorphosis, from modern to post
modern ands anskritization through global interchange has not kept society
untouched. The economic influence of tourism in is noteworthy as is has established
itself as a prominent foreign exchange earner. Before 1960’s Pokhara was accessible
only by foot, but now the economy has boosted and people around the country are
being pulled there
Thus, tourism plays an important to upgrade local as well as national economy so
resort proposed is commercially acceptable.

AIM :
The aim is to familiarize with designs on sloping sites.

To study a different type of building structures on a hill.

To show the nature and extent of spread and relationship of the built with the sensitive
setting.

The Aim is comprised of possibilities of designs on varying grades and utilizing the
environmentally susceptible setting to its optimum potential.

OBJECTIVES :

The main objective of this proposal is to design Re-creative Tourist Resort for the partial
fulfillment of Bachelor Degree of Architecture. Specifically the objectives are to,-

Provide a recreational environment for the resort through varieties of facilities and
functions.-

Provide hospitality for both domestic and foreigner tourists and promote tourism ultimately
Promote local as well as national economy through the promotion of both internal and
external tourism.-

The establishment of tourist resort will create the economic opportunities to site
neighborhood. Also the local and national economy will boost due to establishment
of multifunctional recreational tourist resort.-

Create an interactive ground for locals and visitors so that there may be interchange
of ideas and cultural demonstration.-
Provide a space for official meetings and seminars in natural surroundings.-

Make analytical study of the functional requirements of resort and implement efficient
design to carry out the functions smoothly.-

Respond to climatic and energy consumption issues raised by present day architecture
through eco-sensitive design .In addition, there are various objective related to achieving
proper functioning built forms, that can be achieved through literature reviews and
research. Thus, the objectives are to,-

Study about the materials and technology regarding the sustainability in design-

Study about energy efficient design-

Study about passive solar architecture-

Study about low cost sustainable building materials-

Study about spatial organization and areal need of resort programs.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION :

The scopes of the projects are, The resort with recreational facilities posses wide range of scope. If
we analyze the present trend of internal resort tourism and need of leisure place, then it is
acceptable to have multifunctional resort, which not only focus on overnight stay but also concern in
day services too. For internal visitors, there is no trend of going hotels in weekend, due to their
location on core urban area. They intend to go some distance far from city so that they can enjoy the
environment and freshness there. Hence, resort tourism can provide best solution to internal tourists.

For external tourism, it will function as a luxurious resort which provides all the facilities
within its boundary so as to make their stay pleasing and exotic. It will help to promote
resort tourism in Nepal and encourage foreigner to come here once just to stay in this very
resort. Ultimately, it will enhance tourism sector of country. Resort can also be a place for
convection and conference, and that depends on the quality of space they provide so that
the convection, conference or seminar becomes more interesting and fascinating. The
proposed resort will attempt to provide seminar space to meet international lstandard. The
resort will be a place to gain knowledge regarding the green design, as it will applying
tegrated energy system. The limitations of the projects are, It will not focus more on social
survey, research as this is an academic project, and this does not fall under the primary
constraint.

The project is concerned in built form so; there will be limited research and study on
feasibility of project and detailed site suitability will not be analyzed. The project will not
focus on structural analysis of built structures of resorts, although structural consultation
will be made and it will not be sufficient. The project will not covers all the details related to
green design incorporated, though research will be made and required level of detailing will
be done to meet the architectural requirement. Detailed environment assessment will nit be
done due to limitation of knowledge in this field and it is not our primary focus, as the
project is virtual. However, some impact will be analyzed

METHODOLOGY :
The procedure of the project is stated as below :

1) Stating the problem

2) Objective
3) Data collection

1. PRIMARY SOURCE

a) interviews
b) space standards
c) area statements

2. SECONDARY SOURCE

a) T.S.S
b) Books on recreational facilities
c) Literature survey from magazines

The project will be oriented to meet the requirements for the completion of Bachelors
Degree in Architecture. Though it is an academic requirement, it will be based on ground
reality. The following methodologies will be adopted in two phases to come up with the
final design. Research phase-

Literature Review-

Case study This is preparatory phase for thesis project in which data, facts, spatial needs and
requirements are studied focusing on the approved topic. We will study the present
functioning and organization of spaces through case studies. All the findings gathered in this
phase will be applied in our design phase. Design phase-

Site selection and analysis-

Program formulation and zoning-

Conceptual design-

Design development
Analysis and evaluation of output design-

Preparation of architectural drawings, model, report for final presentation.