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Physics 1 To 4 Formulas
Physics 1 To 4 Formulas
Δd = displacement (in m)
d2 = final position (in m)
d1 = initial position (in m)
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Δt = time interval (in s)
t2 = final time (in s)
t1 = initial time (in s)
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g = - 9.80 m/s2
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Forces
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Vectors
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Pythagorean theorem relating the lengths of the legs (a and b)
to the hypotenuse (c) in a right triangle
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Trigonometric definition of sine as the ratio of the length of
the opposite side to the hypotenuse
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Trigonometric definition of cosine as the ratio of the length of
the adjacent side to the hypotenuse
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Trigonometric definition of tangent as the ratio of
the length of the opposite side to the adjacent
side
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Trigonometric identity equating the sine of an angle to cosine of its complement
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Trigonometric identity equating the tangent of an
angle to reciprocal of the tangent of its
complement
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Ax = length of the x-component of vector A
Ay = length of the y-component of vector A
A = magnitude of vector A
θ = angle of vector A (in standard degrees
counterclockwise from the x-axis)
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Statement showing that the x-component of a resultant vector is equal to the sum of
the x-components of the component vectors
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F "perpendicular" = the perpendicular
component of the weight of an object on
an inclined plane (in N)
W = weight (in N)
θ = angle of inclination of an inclined plane (in degrees)
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F "parallel" = the parallel component of the
weight of an object on an inclined plane (in N)
W = weight (in N)
θ = angle of inclination of an inclined plane (in degrees)
m = mass (in kg)
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s2)
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a = acceleration of an object down a frictionless inclined
plane (in m/s2)
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s2)
θ = angle of inclination of an inclined plane (in degrees)
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a = acceleration of an object down an inclined
plane (in m/s2)
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s2)
μ = coefficient of friction (unitless)
θ = angle of inclination of an inclined plane (in degrees)
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Kinematics: Two-Dimensional Motion
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x = horizontal displacement (in m)
vx = horizontal velocity (in m/s)
t = time
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y = vertical displacement (in m)
vy = initial vertical velocity (in m/s)
t = time
g = acceleration due to gravity (- 9.80 m/s2)
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vx = initial horizontal velocity (in m/s)
v = initial velocity at an angle (in m/s)
θ = initial angle (in degrees)
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vy = initial vertical velocity (in m/s)
v = initial velocity at an angle (in m/s)
θ = initial angle (in degrees)
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vyf = final vertical velocity (in m/s)
vy = initial vertical velocity (in m/s)
t = time
g = acceleration due to gravity (- 9.80 m/s2)
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t = total time in the air for a horizontally-launched projectile (in s)
y = vertical distance, or height (in m)
g = acceleration due to gravity (- 9.80 m/s2)
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Momentum, Work, and Power
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Impulse expressed in Ns
F = force (in N)
Δt = t = time interval (in s)
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p = momentum (in kg m/s)
m = mass (in kg)
v = velocity (in m/s)
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F = force (in N)
t = time interval (in s)
m = mass (in kg)
Δv = change in velocity (in m/s)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
vi = inital velocity (in m/s)
Δp = change in momentum (in kg m/s)
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pA = initial momentum of object A (in kg m/s)
pB = initial momentum of object B (in kg m/s)
pA' = final momentum of object A (in kg m/s)
pB' = final momentum of object B (in kg m/s)
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mA = mass of object A (in kg)
mB = mass of object B (in kg)
vA = initial velocity of object A (in
m/s)
vB = initial velocity of object B (in m/s)
vA' = final velocity of object A (in m/s)
vB' = final velocity of object B (in m/s)
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W = work (in J)
F = force (in N)
d = displacement in the direction of the force (in m)
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Fh = horizontal component of the force (in N)
F = force (in N)
θ = angle between the directions of the force and the
horizontal displacement (in degrees)
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W = work (in J)
Fh = horizontal component of the force (in N)
F = force (in N)
θ = angle between the directions of the force
and the horizontal displacement (in degrees)
d = horizontal displacement (in m)
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P = power (in W)
W = work (in J)
t = time (in s)
F = force (in N)
θ = angle between the directions of the
force and the horizontal displacement (in degrees)
d = displacement (in m)
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% Efficiency of a machine
Wo = work output (in J)
Wi = work input (in J)
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Energy
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W = work (in J)
ΔE = change in energy (in J)
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PE = gravitational potential energy (in J)
m = mass (in kg)
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s2)
h = height above reference level (in m)
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KE = kinetic energy (in J)
m = mass (in kg)
v = velocity (in m/s)
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KEi = initial kinetic energy (in J)
PEi = initial gravitational potential
energy (in J)
KEf = final kinetic energy (in J)
PEf = final gravitational potential energy (in J)
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m = mass (in kg)
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
g = acceleration due to gravity
(9.80 m/s2)
hi = initial height above
reference level (in m)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
hf = final height above reference level (in m)
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vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s2)
hi = initial height above reference level (in
m)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
hf = final height above reference level (in m)
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Static Electricity and Electric Fields
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C = capacitance (in F)
q = charge (in C)
V = potential difference or voltage (in V)
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Current Electricity and Circuits
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I = current (in A)
q = charge (in C)
t = time (in s)
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R = resistance (in Ω)
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P = electrical power (in W)
I = current (in A)
R = resistance (in Ω)
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I = current (in A)
R = resistance (in Ω)
t = time (in s)
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n = index of refraction (unitless)
i = angle of incidence (in degrees)
r = angle of refraction (in degrees)
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ni = index of refraction of incident medium (unitless)
nr = index of refraction of refracting medium (unitless)
i = angle of incidence (in degrees)
r = angle of refraction (in degrees)
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m= magnification (unitless)
hi = image height (in m)
ho = object height (in m)
di = image distance (in m)
do = object distance (in m)
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