Exercise 5 Factors
Sterilization and Disinfection 1. Type of microorganism present
Methods used to destroy and/ or control
microbial growth:
1. Sterilization- any treatment of process
that results in the death of all living
organisms and viruses in a material.
2. Disinfection- process of eliminating
nearly all pathogens.
The process said above can be achieved by
1. Physical- filtration, heat and radiation
2. Chemical Method- alcohols, chlorine
compounds, and chemotherapeutic
agents to control infectious diseases
a. cidal agents- chemicals that kill
organisms
b. static agents- inhibits growth
METHODS OF STERILIZATION
1. Physical Heat
a. Direct heat (alcohol lamp, Bunsen burner)
b. Dry Heat (mechanical convention oven)
c. Moist Heat (autoclave, pressure cooker)
2. Filtration
3. Radiation
4. Disinfection
a. cidal
b. static
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
is the lowest concentration of a chemical,
usually a drug, which prevents
visible growth of a bacterium or bacteria.
2. Concentration and nature of disinfectants
3. Length of treatment
4. Temperature
Exercise 6
Isolation of Bacteria into Pure Culture
Pure Culture- population of cells which
have originated from a single cell and
thus, are identical and of the same kind
and species.
Methods
1. Plating- streak, pour and spread plating
2. Enrichment- use of special nutrients
(usually carbon and nitrogen source)
3. Serial dilution- makes use of series of
diluents (distilled water, buffer, saline
solution, phosphate buffered saline,
broth)
4. Single cell isolation- actual and direct
separation of one cell from the other
cells
5. Membrane filtration technique- employs
a membrane filter of appropriate pore
size to trap the microbial cells coming
from the sample