DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 9

I - Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

 Describe direct variation;
 Solve problems involving direct variation; and
 Relate the topic to real-life setting.

II - Subject Matter

Topic : Direct Variation

Reference : Next Century Mathematics p. 200

Materials : Chalk, Bond Paper, Cartolina, Manila paper

III- Procedures

 Prayer
 Checking of Attendance
 Recall

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

Do you have an assignment? Yes Ma’am.

Okay, before we will check your Ma’am our topic yesterday was all about
assignments, What was our topic ratio and proportion.
yesterday?

Very good! Now, who can simplify 15:5? Ma’am 3:1

How did you come up with that answer? By dividing both quantities by 5, so the ratio
becomes 3:1

Who can state the three principles of Ma’am the Fundamental Principle of
proportion? Proportion, the Mean proportional and Third
Proportional, and the Fourth Proportional.
Very good! Now let’s check your
assignments. (checking of their assignments)

So any clarifications about ratio and

proportion? None Ma’am.

Okay before we proceed to our next

topic, read first our learning objectives. (reading the objectives)
.
ACTIVITY
Now let’s have a group activity. Group
yourselves into 3 groups. Count off. 1, 2, 3…

Go to your group silently and form a

circle.

Now I have here one problem. All you

need to do is read the problem carefully,
analyze it and solve.

Before we will start I have here the

rubric. Everybody read. Criteria 5 4 3
Prompt- Posted Posted Posted
ness the work the the work
before work on after the
the time given time
given
time
Coope- All of the One Two or
ration 2ember member more
cooperat failed to members
ed coopera failed to
te cooperate
Correct- All the One or Three or
ness answers two more
are mistake mistakes
correct s are are made
made

I will only give you 5 minutes for this

activity so you need to cooperate with
your group mates. Once you’re done you
may post your work to the board.

So questions? None Ma’am.

Very Good. You may start now.

(after 5 minutes)

Now I am going to give points on areas

such as promptness and cooperation.
The correctness of your work will be
checked later on. So this is only your
partial score.

ANALYSIS

What did you feel during the activity? Ma’am I felt nervous because we’re not sure
of our answers.

Another? I felt sad because we didn’t finish our work.

So, is teamwork necessary in performing Yes Ma’am!

a group task?
Why? So that we can come up with the best
answer and of course to finish the work on
time.

ABSTRACTION

Class how to read the given

mathematical statement 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥? Y equals to kx.

Another? Y is equal to k times x.

All your answers are correct but there is

also another way of reading the
mathematical statement 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥, it is “y
varies directly as x” where k is the
constant of variation.
𝑦
We can also write this as 𝑥 = 𝑘 for
𝑦
finding 𝑘 and 𝑘 = 𝑥 for finding 𝑥.

Now class, which do you think is the

independent variable? y Ma’am.

Are you sure? X Ma’am.

What if our 𝑘 is 5 and our 𝑥 is 3 what is 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥

y? 𝑦 = (5)(3)
𝑦 = 15

So what are your observations based on

that solution? Ma’am the independent variable is x.

How about the dependent variable? The dependent variable is y.

Why do you say so? Because we cannot get the value of 𝑦 if the
value of 𝑥 is missing.

Exactly! Now consider this function 𝑦 =

2𝑥 + 1 where 𝑥 = −2, −1, 0, 1, 2,
Who among you here can solve for y and
give the table of values? (solving on the board)
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y -3 -1 1 3 5

With the use of the table of values of x

and y, who among you here can graph
the function?

What are your observations from the

table of values and graph? What Ma’am from negative the values of x and y
happened to x and y? both turns to positive.
What does it mean? Both x and y increases.

How about in this table of values?

x 5 4 3 2 1
y -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 Ma’am the values of x decreases and so
with the values of y.

So what have you realized? Ma’am, as the value of x increases, the

value of y increases whatever the value ok k
is, except 0. Also, as x decreases, y
decreases.

Exactly! This relationship between y and

x is called direct variation, which is y is
directly proportional to x or y varies
directly as x.

Example, if y varies directly as x and y is

15 when 𝑥 = 3, find 𝑦 if 𝑥 = 5.

𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 Write the equation involving x and y.

15 = 𝑘(3) Substitute the given values in the
equation.
15
=𝑘 Solve for k.
3

5=k

Substitute 𝑘 = 5 in the equation.

𝑦 = 5𝑥
Solve for y if 𝑥 = 5
𝑦 = 5(5)
𝑦 = 25

Another, on the board.

If 𝑚 varies directly as 𝑛 and 𝑚 is 12 𝑚 = 𝑘𝑛

when 𝑚 = 4, find 𝑚 if 𝑛 = 9. 12 = 𝑘(4)
12
=𝑘
34

3= k

Substitute 𝑘 = 3 in the equation.

𝑚 = 3𝑛
Solve for 𝑚 if 𝑛 = 9
𝑚 = 3(9)
𝑚 = 27

Do you have any clarification? None Ma’am.

Okay, let’s check your work. (checking their works)

APPLICATION

Is direct variation important? Yes Ma’am.

Why? Because we encountered direct variation not

only in math discussion but also in our daily
 lives.

Can you give me real life example of Yes. Earlier we discussed that as x
direct variation? increases, y also increases. So in a
computer shop, the more hours I play online
games, the more money I pay.
In contrast with this, the less time I play
online, the less money I pay. So as x
decreases, y decreases.
Very Good!

EVALUATION

In a ½ crosswise of paper.
Direction: Solve each of the following
problems.
1. If y varies directly as x and y is 54
when x=9, Find y if x=3.5
2. Y is directly proportional to x. if
y=15 when x=4, find y when x=5.

ASSIGNMENT

Hooke’s Law states that the

displacement, d that a spring is stretched
by a hanging objects caries directly as
the mass, m of the object. If the distance
is 10 cm when the mass is 3 kg, what is
the distance when the mass is 5 kg?