Situation:

Good noon everyone, I don’t want to waste any of your time,so

without further a do, I would like to discuss to you our study in a direct-
to -the point process.

Situation:

> First of all, the revised title of our study is

“ Retrofitting of concrete beams using tension cable”from

“Structural retrofitting of reinforced concrete beams using tension

cable”

I. Introduction>

a) Situation:

The main problem that the researchers would like to find a solution
with is how to lessen the deterioration of structures, mainly the
destruction of the beams, especially in those structures located in the
vicinities in seismic-prone areas, or in any other use there is.

The researchers came up with the idea of using tension cable to retrofit

Concrete beams.
Here, we have the conventional type of retrofitting. This is through the
use of polymer fiber for retrofitting, Now, the reserachers would like
to utilize tension cables, as what was said earlier.

II. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

So let’s move on to the next part, the researchers have formulated

three particular objectives

1. What is the flexural strength of the conventional concrete?

2. What is the flexural strength of the concrete with galvanized

steel cable?

3. Is there a significant difference in the flexural strength in:

A. conventional concrete beam.

B. concrete beam with galvanized steel cable retrofitting

111. RRL

1. In the study conducted by Tao Chen, et al.

In the Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University,in

Shanghai, China on September 2015 which was entitled as :

“Flexural Strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Repaired

Cracked Rectangular Hollow Section Steel Beams”

What did they do?

 The experimental program included three beams as control
specimens and five beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced
polymer (CFRP) plates with or without prestressing. The specimen were
undera three point loading flexural behavior test to failure.

What is their conclusion?

It was concluded that yield loads of cracked beams could be

enhanced with repairing. Meanwhile, the ultimate loads were increased
to some extent. The effect of repair became significant with the
increase of the initial crack depth.

Significance to our study?

This could be our guidein finishing the research. Let’s place this
ina real life context, If these cracked beam are restored with the
help of repairing, what more if these beams, in the first place, were
retrofitted with galvanazied tension cables?

This is where the mitigation of the deterioration of structures

come in,and also the reason why this study would be cost-effective
benefit to the society, in general.

2. A study presented in Vancouver Canada in the 13th World

Conference on Earthquake Engineering by S. Chuang et al, (2004) which
was entitled with:

“SEISMIC RETROFITTING OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY WALLS BY CABLE

SYSTEM”

What did they do:

Three full-scale clay brick masonry walls retrofitted with cable

system, specifically wire ropes, and one full-scale clay brick
unreinforced masonry wall have been tested under combined
compression.
 In this testing program, axial loads were applied to all specimen
in addition to the lateral loads.

WHAT IS THEIR CONCLUSION:

The improvement of the ultimate lateral load resistance of the

retrofitted walls with two cables strengthening is 2 times the
capacity of unreinforced wall. Seismic retrofitting of unreinforced
masonry walls with cable system proved to be an effective and reliable
strengthening alternative.

Significance to our study?

This study served as a better subject of comparison to our research.

The study utilized wire ropes on brick masonry walls whereas our
research will be using galvanized tension cables on concrete beams.

Chapter 2 : methodology

What are we going to use? What procedure?

> The researchers will cure 12 rectangular beams within 28 days.

>3 of which are concrete beams alone.

3 retrofitting in the sides (in each sides has a two cables )

3 retrofitting at the bottom (3 cables in the bottom )

3 retrofitting at the bottom and sides(in each sides has a two cables and
 3 cables in the bottom )

>after curing the samples will be tested with its flexural stress using
universal testing machine

>The study will be conducted at C.E. laboratory, UIC Annex Campus.

>Test results in flexural strength test will be gathered for analysis and
interpretation

Ethical consideration

The researcher will not utilize any living organism for safety and
humane security.

WHY ARE WE GOING TO CONDUCT THIS STUDY?

There are three main reason

Because the researchers believe that

1. this study will be a cost-effective and reliable strengthening

alternative to polymer fiber retrofitting concrete beams, thus, will
be of huge help to the society, in general.

Cost effective?

- less cost than building a new facility if destroyed by any

seismic disturbances

- less cost than polymer fiber beams

- less cost when it comes to time, resources, and energy

 2. This will help in the mitigation of deterioration of structures,
mainly the destruction of the beams, especially in those structures
located in the vicinities in seismic-prone areas.

3. To determine whether there is a significant difference with the

loading capacity to destruction of the retrofitted beams using polymer
fiber against the retrifitted beams using galvanized tension cables.

4. To know the enhancement of the flexural strength of the

uncracked retrofitted (tension cables) beams against the control.