Nursing

Informatics
“Do not blame me for your
technological ignorance as
your ignorance,
technological or otherwise,
is not my fault.”
Chapter I

A. Computer and Nursing

A. Computer System

 The implementation of
health information system
coupled with the health
statistical information
system is motivated by the
desire to enhance the
quality of healthcare
services.
Chapter I
A. Computer System

Why do we need to
implement health
information system and
health statistical
information system in
our health care?
Chapter i
A. Computer System

 To have an adequate and

efficient data collection.
 To address the standard of
the delivery of healthcare.
 A new computer based-
system can correct the old
system.
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A. Computer System

 Can provide functions not

possible with a manual system.
 Example: statistical
information system which
converts and transform data
into information which
calculate trending and patient
profiling.

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A. Computer System

Duplicates the
performance of a
manual system with
lower cost.

Chapter i
A. Computer System

 Today medical computer system

are widely used.
 New systems are developed with
more accuracy and efficiency.
 The nurse and the healthcare
provider should not be heavy
reliant on the information
provided by the computer system-
wrong input data will manifest
wrong output.
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A. Computer System

 To integrate a health
information system the nurses
and other health care giver
should have recognized the
need for computer system.
 Change from a manual health
care system into a computer
information system.

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Advantages
1. Easy to implement
2. Low cost
3. No extra training required
4. Requires minimum effort

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A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Advantages
5. Quick processing
6. Can be stored any where
7. Cannot be easily
corrupted( w/ proper
storage)
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A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Advantages
8. Easy to prepare
9. Data profiling can be
done easily
10. Readiness of data

Chapter i
PHILIPPINE REALITY
PHILIPPINE REALITY
PHILIPPINE REALITY
PHILIPPINE REALITY
PHILIPPINE REALITY
PHILIPPINE REALITY
A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Disadvantages
1. Problem with maintenance
2. Volume of data becomes a
problem ( storage problem)
3. Need lots of paper

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Disadvantages
4. Problem w/
interpretation/transcription
5. Data is not converted easily
to information
6. Readiness of information(not
data)

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Disadvantages
7. Accessibility to any health
care personnel and to any
health care institution.
8. Ounce data is burned it
cannot be produced
easily.
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A. Computer System

Manual Health Care System

 Disadvantages
9. Integration with the other
system such as laboratory,
accounting ect is a
problem.
10. Data handling is a problem
Chapter i
 “The modern age has a false sense of
superiority because it relies on the
mass of knowledge that it can use, but
what is important is the extent to which
knowledge is organized and
mastered.”

-Johann Wolfgang Van Goethe, 1810

A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Advantages
1. Data maintenance
2. Low maintenance cost
3. Volume of data is not an
issue
4. No paper is required

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A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Advantages
5. No problem with
interpretation/or transcription
6. Data can be easily converted
into to information
7. Readiness of information and
data

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Advantages
8. Accessibility to any
healthcare personnel and
any healthcare institution.
9. Data can not be corrupted
easily (with proper back-
up)
Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Advantages
10. Can be integrated with other
system such as laboratory,
pharmacy, accounting,
management, ect.
11. Data handling is easy.
12. Data integrity is preserved

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Advantages
13. Data communication is possible
14. Statistical information System can
be provided.
15. Migration to other system is easy.
16. Can be expanded.
17. Easy data profiling.

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Disadvantages
1. Implementation requires severe
justification.
2. High starting cost.
3. Requires training for nurses and
healthcare giver
4. Requires additional effort to
impliment.
Chapter I
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Disadvantages
5. Additional manpower is
necessary
6. Special storage is necessary
7. Data communication system will
have an additional cost
8. Data can easily corrupted ( if no
back-up is provided)
Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Disadvantages
9. Readiness of data and
information is possible when
software is provided in the
healthcare information system.
10. Requires extensive planning,
designing and commercial
implementation.

Chapter i
A. Computer System

Computer information System

 Disadvantages
11. Requires extensive
planning, designing and
commercial
implementation.
12. Information management
is essential.
Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing
B. Computers in Nursing

1978- computer system ready in

used in healthcare system in
prominent hospitals in Manila.
Today hospitals used computers due
to usability to day to day
nursing process like admission,
discharge and transfer, patient
monitoring, patient mapping,
nursing schedule, patient
profiling, decision support, ect.

Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 Nurses can communicate to other

department thus saving phone calls
 Nurses healthcare to patients are
optimized.
 Nursing assessment
 Patients monitoring and plans
 Medication processes
 Admission records and
 Discharged plans

Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 Nurses becomes more

efficient because it can be
integrated to a so called “
Statistical Information
System” such that the
information is converted
into Information that is
essential to nurses
Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 Computer system is
properly programmed to
automatically give
information to the patient
such as list of medication,
medication processed,
drugs to be administered
and availability of drugs.
Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 The statistical
information system will
provide medical
printout to the nurse
for a particular client
which includes charts,
tables. Index ect.
Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 Computer can perform drug

dosage calculation faster and
more accurately.
 Nurses notes can be entered
quickly by choosing
statements, appropriate for a
particular client from multiple
pre programmed choices.

Chapter i
B. Computers in Nursing

 Computers are important tool in nursing

practice, nursing education, nursing
research and nursing administration.
 Nurses can use computers in clinical
practice to document
 nursing care,
 communicate physician’s orders,
 receive an information about admissions,
discharge and transfers, monitor clients,
pharmacy report and also laboratory test
resuts

Chapter i
C. Healthcare informatics

Chapter i
C. Healthcare informatics

 Is the integration of
 information science
 Health science
 Computer science and
 cognitive science
 The holistic objective of the
medical practitioners such as the
nurse, healthcare providers,
physicians healthcare staffs etc.
Chapter i
C. Healthcare Informatics

 It is also the derivative of

the business health care
application.
 Specialties are divided into
 Medical informatics
 Health informatics
 Dental informatics
 Nursing informatics

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics

 Is a specialty that integrates

nursing science, computer
science and information
science to manage and
communicate data,
information and knowledge
in nursing practice

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics

 Integration supports patient,

nurses and other providers in
their decision making in all
roles and settings
 The support is accomplished
through the used of
information structure,
information process and
information technology.

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics

Nursing
Science

Computer Information
science science

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics
 Example:
 Dengue fever/ severe dengue(dengue hemorrhagic fever)
data→ information → knowledge
 Fever(38˚C)
 rash
 muscle and joint pain
 frequent vomiting
 abdominal pain
 restlessness
 acute, or sudden, fever
 severe abdominal pain
 bleeding or bruising under the skin
 cold or clammy skin
 nosebleeds
 large decrease in blood pressure (shock)
C. Nursing Informatics

 We can say that Nursing Informatics is the

scientific endeavor of processing of data
into information, data managing, analyzing,
reporting, make knowledge- based decisions
and intermediary to patient care and use
this special knowledge in order to enhance
the quality of service and professional
practice

Chapter i
C. Nursing Informatics

 The goal of nursing informatics is to improve the

health of populations, communities, families
and individuals by optimizing information
management and communication.
 use of technology in the
This includes the
direct provision of care, in establishing
effective administrative systems managing and
delivering educational experiences, supporting
life-long learning and supporting nursing
research.

Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics Specialist

Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist
 They are important in
bridging between clinical
care skills and technology
Because Nurses are not
interested in computer
automation or are not
adequately trained in
information technology.
Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist

 They bring clinical knowledge

to more advanced technical
projects such as the
development of
administrative computer
system and the interpretation
of a complex medical data

Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist
 They are responsible for
providing clinical information
and data analysis for effective
patient care and monitoring
 Works with computer systems,
data and information analysis
systems such as statistical
information system to ensure
optimal health care is provided

Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist
 Should have a good
understanding of basic nursing
techniques and standards
coupled with statistical data
collection, data analysis and
interpretation
 Information allocation and
dissemination capabilities are
important

Chapter i
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist

They evaluate patient

care based on the data
and information and
determines more
appropriate care and
medical process
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D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist

 Specific role
1. To employ informatics
theories and concepts,
methods and tools to analyze
information system
requirements:
2. design , select, implement
and evaluate information
systems, data structures.
D. Nursing Informatics
Specialist

 Specific role
3. Develop decision- support
mechanisms that support
patients, nurses, and their
human- computer
interactions w/in health care
contexts.
4. to facilitate the creation of
new nursing knowledge
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

Chapter i
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

 1600s- machines perform arithmetic

calculations by Blaise Pascal and
Gottfried Leibnitz
 1833- the first machine employing
concepts similar to those of a computer
was analytical engine by Charles Babage

Chapter i
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer
 1890- electro mechanical calculating
machine was first implemented by Herman
Hollerith
 Used punched-card input and performed
simple arithmetic calculations and card
sorting operation
 Use extensively in early and mid 1900s
controlled by hand-wired control panel
Chapter i
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer
 1930s -Mark 1
was the first
automatic
calculator
 Use
electromagnetic
relay and
counters for
performing
calculation
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

 Mid 1940s- ENIAC

( Electronic
numerical Integrator
and calculator) was
developed
 The 1st electronic
digital computer
using vacuum tubes
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer
 1949- EDSAC ( Electronic Delay
Storage Automatic Computer) the
1st stored –program computers
 1951-1958- the 1st generation of
computers began with UNIVAC 1
(Universal automatic computer)
 Used vacuum tubes to control
internal operations
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

1951-1958- the 1st generation

of computers began with
UNIVAC 1 (Universal automatic
computer)
Very large and generated a lot
of heat
Much faster in old machines
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

 1959-1964- the 2nd generation of

computers
 Reliedon transistors for controlling
internal operations.
 Transistors
were much smaller, faster and
more reliable in vacuum tubes.
 Useof magnetic cores for internal storage
or memory
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer

 1965- 1980- 3rd generation computers

 used solid state integrated circuits rather
than transistors to obtain reduction in size
and cost together with increased
reliability
 Larger storage capacity
 w/ sophisticated software
E. Highlights of the History of
Computer
 Today- semiconductor memories and
large scale integrated (LSI) and a
very large scale integrated ( VLSI)
enhanced the development of
miniature devices such as
 Laptops
 Mp3player
 PDA