UDM Labor-Relations

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LABOR LAW REVIEW

Universidad de Manila
2nd Semester (2020)
Atty Archilo A Matugas
Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Ateneo de Manila University
Master of Laws (LLM), Singapore Management University
LABOR RELATIONS
A. Right to self-organization
1. Coverage
2. Ineligibility of managerial employees; right of supervisory employees
3. Effect of inclusion as employees outside of the bargaining unit
4. Non-abridgement
Arts. 253-257
https://www.dole.gov.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2017/11/LaborCodeofthePhilippines20171.pdf
Asian Institute of Management (AIM) v AIM Faculty Association

https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/jan2017/gr_207971_2017.html
United Pepsi-Cola Supervisory Union v Laguesma
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1998/mar1998/gr_122226_1998.html
San Miguel Corporation Supervisors and Exempt Union v Laguesma
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1997/aug1997/gr_110399_1997.html
B. Bargaining unit
Holy Child Catholic School v Sto Tomas, et al.

https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_179146_2013.html
San Miguel Foods, Inc. v SMC Supervisors and Exempt Union
C. Bargaining representative
D. Rights of labor organizations
Arts. 251 - 257

1. Check off, assessments and agency fees
Del Pilar Academy, et al. v Del Pilar Academy Employees Union (agency fees from non-union
members)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2008/apr2008/gr_170112_2008.html
Palacol v Calleja, et al. (assessment)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1990/feb1990/gr_85333_1990.html
2
Inguillo v First Philippine Scales

https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2009/jun2009/gr_165407_2009.html
2. Collective bargaining
Arts. 261 – 272

Duty to bargain collectively

Ren Transport Corporation v NLRC
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2016/jun2016/gr_188020_2016.html
Colegio de San Juan de Letran v Association of Employees and Faculty of Letran
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2000/sep2000/gr_141471_2000.html
Union security clauses

Bank of the Philippine Islands v BPI Employees Union
Inguillo v First Philippine Scales
Picop Resources v Taneca, et al
Substitutionary doctrine
Benguet Consolidated v BCI Employees and Workers Union
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1968/apr1968/gr_l-24711_1968.html
Freedom period and contract bar rule

Associated Labor Unions v Calleja
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1989/nov1989/gr_85085_1989.html
Foamtex Labor Union v Noriel
E. Unfair Labor Practices

1. Nature, aspects
2. By employers
3. By labor organizations
Arts. 258, 259, 260

Bankard v NLRC
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/mar2013/gr_171664_2013.html
Pepsi Cola v Molon, et al.
Zambrano, et al. v Philippine Carpet
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Mendoza v Officers of Manila Water Employees Union, et al.

F. Peaceful concerted activities

1. Strikes
2. Picketing
3. Lockouts
4. Assumption of jurisdiction by the DOLE Secretary
5. Injunctions
Arts. 278, 279, 280, 281

https://www.dole.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/LaborCodeofthePhilippines20171.pdf
G&S Transport v Infante, et al. (Strike)

https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/sep2007/gr_160303_2007.html
Ergonomic Systems Philippines v. Enaje, et al. (Strike)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/dec2017/gr_195163_2017.html
Phimco Industries v Phimco Industries Labor Association, et al. (Picketing)
Automotive Engine Rebuilders v Progresibong Unyon ng mga Manggagawa (in pari delicto)
SACORU v CCBPI (assumption of jurisdiction)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/oct2017/gr_200499_2017.html
Bagong Pagkakaisa ng Manggagawa ng Triumph v Secretary of DOLE (work slowdown)
Malayang Manggagawa ng Stayfast v. NLRC (sit down strike)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/aug2013/gr_155306_2013.html
POST-EMPLOYMENT
A. Employer-employee relationship
1. Tests to determine existence
Semblante v CA (masiador/sentenciador)
Calamba Medical v NLRC (resident physicians)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2008/nov2008/gr_176484_2008.php
Tongko v Manulife (insurance agent/career agent agreement)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2008/nov2008/gr_167622_2008.php
Tongko v Manulife (insurance agent/career agent agreement – inherent v labor law control)
Benares v Pancho (sugar farm workers)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2005aprildecisions.php?id=416
Francisco v NLRC (employee with various designations: 2-tiered test)
Villamaria v CA (jeepney driver/buyer)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/apr2006/gr_165881_2006.html
Jardin v NLRC (taxi drivers)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2000/feb2000/119268.php
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Martinez v NLRC (taxi driver)

http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/1997maydecisions.php?id=381
Century Properties v Babiano (sales/marketing)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2016julydecisions.php?id=560
Royale Homes v Alcantara (not every form of control is indicative of an employer-employee
relationship)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2014/jul2014/gr_195190_2014.html
2. Kinds of employment
a. Regular
b. Casual
c. Probationary
d. Project
e. Seasonal
f. Fixed-term
g. Floating status
Arts. 293-302
Mitsubishi Motors v Chrysler Philippines Labor Union (6-month probation is 180 days)
Aliling v Feliciano, et al
Basan, et al. v Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines (fixed-term employment)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2015/feb2015/gr_174365_2015.html
GMA Network v Pabriga, et al (fixed-term employment)
Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corporation v Acibo, et al.
Gadia, et al v Sykes Asia (project employees)
Herma Shipyard v Oliveros (project employees)
Padilla v Airborne Security Service (floating status)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/nov2017/gr_210080_2017.html
3. Legitimate subcontracting vs labor-only contracting

a. Elements
b. Trilateral relationship
c. Solidary liability
Arts. 106-109 (Job contracting v Labor-only contracting)

DO 174-17 (Rules implementing Arts. 106-109)
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https://blr.dole.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DO-174-17-Rules-Implementing-
Articles-106-to-109-of-the-Labor-Code-As-Amended1.pdf
Vigilla v PCCR (GR No. 200094; June 10, 2013)

Allied Banking Corporation v Calumpang (GR No. 219435; January 17, 2018)
Quintanar v Coca-Cola (GR No. 210565; June 28, 2016)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2016junedecisions.php?id=517
Aliviado v Proctor & Gamble (GR No. 160506; June 6, 2011)
Petron v Caberte (GR No. 182255; June 15, 2015)
Diamond Farms v Southern Philippines (GR No. 173254-55; January 13, 2016)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2016januarydecisions.php?id=26
Almeda v Asahi Glass (GR No. 177785; September 3, 2008)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2008/sep2008/gr_177785_2008.php
Lingnam Restaurant v Skills and Talent, et al. (principal in labor-only contracting is
considered as employer)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2018/dec2018/pdf/gr_214667_2018.pdf
Allied Banking Corp v Calumpang
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2018/jan2018/pdf/gr_219435_2018.pdf
B. Termination by employer
1. Just causes
2. Authorized causes
3. Due process
a. Twin-notice requirement
b. Hearing
Arts. 297, 298, 299

Heavylift Manila v Court of Appeals (attitude problem)

Sy v Neat, Inc (poor performance)
International School Manila v IS Alliance of Educators (gross inefficiency)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2014/feb2014/gr_167286_2014.html
Telephilippines v Jacolbe (repeated failure to meet performance targets)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2019februarydecisions.php?id=107
Bravo v Urios College (breach of trust)
Realda v New Age Graphics (willful disobedience)
C. Termination by employee
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1. Resignation vs constructive dismissal
Art. 300
Pascua v Bank Wise, et al.

Doble v ABB
D. Preventive suspension
Gloria v Court of Appeals, et al.

https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1999/apr1999/gr_131012_1999.html
Mandapat v Add Force Personnel Services
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2010/jul2010/gr_180285_2010.html
Gatbonton v NLRC, et al.
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/jan2006/gr_146779_2006.html
E. Reliefs from illegal dismissal
Art. 294
Advan Motor v Veneracion

https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/dec2017/gr_190944_2017.html
Peak Ventures v. Villareal
F. Money claims arising from employer-employee relationship
Arriola v Pilipino Star Ngayon

Southeastern Shipping v Navarra
G. Retirement
Art. 302
Laya v Court of Appeals, et al.

De la Salle University v Bernardo
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MANAGEMENT PREROGATIVE
A. Discipline
B. Transfer of Employees
C. Productivity standard
D. Bonus
E. Change of working hours
F. Bona fide occupational qualifications
G. Post-employment restrictions
SACORU v Coca-Cola (GR No. 200499; October 4, 2017)

PAL v PALEA (GR No. 85985; August 13, 1993)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/1993augustdecisions.php?id=612
Philippine Industrial Security Agency Corporation v Aguinaldo (GR No. 149974; June 15, 2005)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2005/jun2005/149974.php
Mendoza v Rural Bank of Lucban (GR No. 15521; June 7, 2004)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2004julydecisions.php?id=556
Deles, Jr v NLRC (GR No. 121348; March 9, 2000)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2000/mar2000/121348.php
Philamlife v Gramaje (GR No. 156963; November 11, 2004)
PAL v NLRC (GR No. 115785; August 4, 2000)
Sime Darby Pilipinas v NLRC (GR No. 119205; April 15, 1998)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1998/apr1998/119205.php
Sentinel Security Agency v NLRC (GR No. 122468; September 3, 1998)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1998/sep1998/122468.php
Globe Telecom v Florendo-Flores (GR No. 150092; September 27, 2002)
OSS Security and Allied Services v NLRC (GR No. 112752; February 9, 2000)
http://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence2000/feb2000/gr_112752_2000.php
Westin Philippine Plaza v NLRC (GR No. 121621; May 3, 1999)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/1999maydecisions.php?id=319
Yuco Chemical Industries v Ministry of Labor and Employment (GR No. 75656; May 28, 1990)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1990/may1990/gr_l_75656_1990.html
Abbott Laboratories v NLRC (GR No. 76959; October 12, 1987)
http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/1987octoberdecisions.php?id=546
Allied Banking Corporation v CA (GR No. 14412; November 18, 2003)
Dosch v NLRC (208 Phil 259; 1983)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1983/jul1983/gr_l_51182_1983.html
Duncan Association v Glaxo Wellcome (GR No. 162994; September 17, 2004)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2004/sep2004/gr_162994_2004.html
HSBC v NLRC (GR No. 125038; November 6, 1997)
Arrieta v NLRC (GR No. 126230; September 18, 1997)
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PT&T v CA (GR No. 152057; September 29, 2003)

http://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/2003septemberdecisions.php?id=911
Petrophil Corporation v NLRC (GR No. L-64048; August 29, 1986)
Leonardo v NLRC (GR No. 125303; June 16, 2000)
Philippine Span Asia v Pelayo (not every inconvenience is considered constructive dismissal)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2018/feb2018/pdf/gr_212003_2018.pdf
Laya v CA (employer who retires an employee prematurely is guilty of illegal dismissal)
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2018/jan2018/pdf/gr_205813_2018.pdf
Buiser v Leogardo (ex-ante extended probationary employment)
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1984/jul1984/gr_l63316_1984.html
Mariwasa Manufacturing v Leogardo (ex-post extended probationary employment)
Rivera v Solidbank Corporation (post-employment ban)
JURISDICTION AND RELIEFS

A. Labor Arbiter
B. National Labor Relations Commission
C. Judicial review of labor rulings
D. Bureau of Labor Relations
E. National Conciliation and Mediation Board
F. DOLE Regional Directors
G. DOLE Secretary
H. Grievance Machinery
I. Voluntary Arbitration
J. Prescription of actions
1. Money claims
2. Illegal dismissal
3. Unfair labor practice
4. Offenses under the Labor Code
5. Illegal recruitment
Arts. 305 – 307

UST Faculty Union v UST (prescription of actions)

People of the Philippines v Abella (illegal recruitment)
Arriola v Pilipino Star Ngayon (illegal recruitment prescriptive period)
Callanta v Carnation Philippines

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1

LABOR LAW REVIEW

Asian Institute of Management (AIM) v AIM Faculty Association

Holy Child Catholic School v Sto Tomas, et al.

D. Rights of labor organizations

Arts. 251 - 257

1. Check off, assessments and agency fees

Inguillo v First Philippine Scales

Arts. 261 – 272

Duty to bargain collectively

Union security clauses

Freedom period and contract bar rule

E. Unfair Labor Practices

Arts. 258, 259, 260

Mendoza v Officers of Manila Water Employees Union, et al.

F. Peaceful concerted activities

Arts. 278, 279, 280, 281

G&S Transport v Infante, et al. (Strike)

Martinez v NLRC (taxi driver)

3. Legitimate subcontracting vs labor-only contracting

Arts. 106-109 (Job contracting v Labor-only contracting)

Vigilla v PCCR (GR No. 200094; June 10, 2013)

Arts. 297, 298, 299

Heavylift Manila v Court of Appeals (attitude problem)

1. Resignation vs constructive dismissal

Pascua v Bank Wise, et al.

Gloria v Court of Appeals, et al.

E. Reliefs from illegal dismissal

Advan Motor v Veneracion

F. Money claims arising from employer-employee relationship

Arriola v Pilipino Star Ngayon

Laya v Court of Appeals, et al.

SACORU v Coca-Cola (GR No. 200499; October 4, 2017)

PT&T v CA (GR No. 152057; September 29, 2003)

JURISDICTION AND RELIEFS

Arts. 305 – 307

UST Faculty Union v UST (prescription of actions)

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