Exam II Review

The 2nd exam will be on Wednesday, Oct. 30th. It will be 90-minute test covering the
topic of chapter 5-7. We will have short lecture before the test.
This is not a blueprint of the test, and note that this practice test is longer than the actual
test. Your first priority is to understand the note, quiz and homework. You are allowed to
have graphic/scientific calculator and one page note (8by11, one side only). Standard normal
distribution table is provided in the exam.

Chapter 5.
Know the difference between “OR” and “AND” probabilities; identify Independent and
Dependent events; identify mutually exclusive events.

(1) Take-Home Quiz 4

(2) Find the probability of
(a) rolling a “2” OR a “6” on a standard die
Ans: 31
(b) rolling a “2” OR a number less than “4” on a standard die
Ans: 12
(c) randomly selecting a “6” OR a “Jack” from a standard deck of cards
2
Ans: 13
(d) randomly selecting a “Queen” OR a “Spade” from a standard deck of cards
4
Ans: 13
(e) randomly selecting a 6 AND a Jack from a standard deck of cards with replace-
ment
1
Ans: 169
(f) randomly selecting a 6 AND a Jack from a standard deck of cards without re-
placement
4
Ans: 663

(3) According to a Gallup conducted poll in 2012, 64% of men and 66% of women be-
lieve that gay and lesbian relationships should be legal. Suppose these are accurate
percentages. Now suppose a random man and a random woman meet. What is the
probability that
(a) they both believe that gay and lesbian relationships should be legal?
Ans: P(both support)=P(man support)×P(women support)=(0.64)(0.66)=0.4224,
or 42.24%

(b) neither of them believes that gay and lesbian relationships should be legal?
Ans: P(neither supports)= P(man does not support)× P(woman does not sup-
port)=(0.36)(0.34)=0.1224, or 12.24%

(c) one believes and one does not believe that gay and lesbian relationships should
be legal?
Ans: P(only one supports)=1−P(both support)−P(neither supports)=0.4552,
or 45.52%

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(d) at least one of them believes that gay and lesbian relationships should be legal?
Ans: P(at least one supports)=1−P(neither supports)=0.8776, or 87.76%

Chapter 6.
Know how to find the MEAN and STANDARD DEVIATION from a probability distribu-
tion; Normal Model (calculate multiple probabilities like “Exactly. . . ”, “At least. . . ”, “At
most. . . ”); Binomial Probability Distributions (mean, standard derivation, identify n, p, q
and x, calculate multiple probabilities like “Exactly. . . ”, “At least. . . ”, “At most. . . ” )

(1) Take-Home Quiz 5

(2) A 2013 Gallup poll indicated that about 80% of U.S. households had access to a
high-speed Internet connection.
(a) Suppose 100 households were randomly selected from the United States. How
many of the households would you expect to have access to a high-speed Internet
connection?
Ans: 100 · 0.8 = 80

(b) If 10 households are selected randomly, what is the probability that exactly 6
have high-speed access?
Ans: Binomial probability. P (x = 6) = b(10, 0.8, 6) ≈ 0.0881 or 8.81%

(c) If 10 households are selected randomly, what is the probability that 5 or fewer
have high-speed access?
Ans: Cumulative Binomial probability. P (x ≤ 5) = P (x = 0) + P (x =
1) + P (x = 2) + P (x = 3) + P (x = 4) + P (x = 5) ≈ 0.0328 or 3.28%. Use
calculator binomcdf(10,0.8,5)

(3) Heights of women are normally distributed with a mean of 65 in and a standard
deviation of 2.5 in.
(a) Find the probability of randomly selecting a woman with a height of less than
62 in.
x−µ
Ans: Normal model with µ = 65 and σ = 2.5. z-score for 62 is z = = −1.2,
σ
P (z < −1.2) = 0.1151 or 11.51%

(b) Find the probability of randomly selecting a woman with a height of greater
than 64 in.
x−µ
Ans: z-score for 64 is z = = −0.4, P (z > −0.4) = 1 − P (z < −0.4) =
σ
1 − 0.3446 = 0.6554 or 65.54%

(c) Find the probability of randomly selecting a woman with a height that is be-
tween 61 in. and 67 in.
x−µ x−µ
Ans:z-score for 61 is z = = −1.6, z-score for 67 is z = = 0.8.
σ σ
P (−1.6 < z < 0.8) = P (z < 0.8) − P (z < −1.6) = 0.7333 or 73.33%
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(d) If a group of 16 women are selected, how many will have height less than 62 in.
Ans: 16 · 0.1151 ≈ 2

(e) If a group of 16 women are selected, how many will have height greater than 64
in.
Ans: 16 · 0.6554 ≈ 11

Chapter 7.
Understand Central Limit Theorem (CLT) for sample proportion, p̂; understand and be able
to check the conditions for the CLT; know how to use CLT to find the probability that the
sample proportion will be near or far form the population value; Estimate the population
proportion with confidence intervals with specific confidence level; Interpret the result about
confidence interval.
(1) Quiz 6.

(2) According to studies done in the 1940s, 29% of people dream in color. Assuming this
is still true, find the probability that in a random sample of 200 independent people,
50% or more will report dreaming in color. Start by checking the conditions to see
whether the CTL applies.
Ans: population proportion p = 0.29, q = 1 − p = 0.71, n = 200. Checking CTL
conditions: npq = 200(0.29)(0.71)41.18 > 10, Random Sample, Independent Obser-
vations, and Big Population are r met. So sample proportion, p̂ is normally distributed
r
pq 0.29(0.71)
with µ = p and σ = = , that is
n 200
p̂ ∼ N (0.29, 0.03209).
p̂ − p 0.5 − 0.29
for 50% or higher, z-score for 50% is z = = ≈ 6.54.
σ 0.03209
P (p̂ ≥ 0.5) = P (z ≥ 6.54) = 1 − P (z < 6.54) = 1 − 0.9999 = 0.0001. Therefore, the
probability that a sample of 200 will contain 50% or more dreaming in color is less
than 0.0001 or 0.01%.

(3) redo problem (2) for 25% or less will report dreaming in color. Start by checking the
conditions to see whether the CTL applies.
Ans: 0.0594 = 5.94%.

(4) In a recent survey of 750 people, 600 people claimed to watch football. Construct a
95% confidence interval for the population proportion of people who watch football.
Ans: zα/2 = 1.96, confidence interval is 0.771 < p < 0.829. We are 95% confident
that the actual population proportion of people who watch football is between 77.1%
and 82.9%.

(5) A poll on a proposition showed that we aare 95% confident that eh population pro-
portion of voters supporting it is between 40% and 48%. Find the sample proportion
and margin of error.
Ans: p̂ − E = 0.4 and p̂ + E = 0.48, so p̂ = 0.44 = 44%, E = 0.04