Chapter 1 Quantitative Chemistry Test

1. The percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in eggshell was determined by adding excess
hydrochloric acid to ensure that all the calcium carbonate had reacted. The excess acid left
was then titrated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.

(a) A student added 27.20 cm3 of 0.200 mol dm–3 HCl to 0.188 g of eggshell. Calculate
the amount, in mol, of HCl added.

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(1)

(b) The excess acid requires 23.80 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm–3 NaOH for neutralization.
Calculate the amount, in mol, of acid that is in excess.

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(1)

(c) Determine the amount, in mol, of HCl that reacted with the calcium carbonate in the
eggshell.

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(1)

(d) State the equation for the reaction of HCl with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell.

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(2)

(e) Determine the amount, in mol, of calcium carbonate in the sample of the eggshell.

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(2)
 (f) Calculate the mass and the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in the eggshell
sample.

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(3)

(g) Deduce one assumption made in arriving at the percentage of calcium carbonate in the
eggshell sample.

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(1)
(Total 11 marks)

2. The percentage of iron(II) ions, Fe2+, in a vitamin tablet can be estimated by dissolving the
tablet in dilute sulfuric acid and titrating with standard potassium manganate(VII) solution,
KMnO4(aq). During the process iron(II) is oxidized to iron(III) and the manganate(VII) ion
is reduced to the manganese(II) ion, Mn2+(aq). It was found that one tablet with a mass of
1.43 g required 11.6 cm3 of 2.00 × 10–2 mol dm–3 KMnO4(aq) to reach the end-point.

(i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of MnO4– ions present in 11.6 cm3 of
2.00 × 10–2 mol dm–3 KMnO4(aq).

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(1)

(ii) Calculate the amount, in moles, of Fe2+ ions present in the vitamin tablet.

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(1)

(iii) Determine the percentage by mass of Fe2+ ions present in the vitamin tablet.

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(2)
(Total 4 marks)

3. A student reacted some salicylic acid with excess ethanoic anhydride. Impure solid aspirin
was obtained by filtering the reaction mixture. Pure aspirin was obtained by recrystallization.
The following table shows the data recorded by the student.

Mass of salicylic acid used 3.15 ± 0.02 g

Mass of pure aspirin obtained 2.50 ± 0.02 g

(i) Determine the amount, in mol, of salicylic acid, C6H4(OH)COOH, used.

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(2)

(ii) Calculate the theoretical yield, in g, of aspirin, C6H4(OCOCH3)COOH.

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(2)

(iii) Determine the percentage yield of pure aspirin.

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(1)

(iv) State the number of significant figures associated with the mass of pure aspirin
obtained, and calculate the percentage uncertainty associated with this mass.

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(2)

(v) Another student repeated the experiment and obtained an experimental yield of
150 %. The teacher checked the calculations and found no errors. Comment on
the result.

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(1)
(Total 8 marks)

4. A toxic gas, A, consists of 53.8 % nitrogen and 46.2 % carbon by mass. At 273 K and
1.01×105 Pa, 1.048 g of A occupies 462 cm3. Determine the empirical formula of A.
Calculate the molar mass of the compound and determine its molecular structure.
(Total 3 marks)