a.

Radio:

Available frequency bands on radio Access are 900 and 1800MHZ. considering the need to
provide adequate coverage and the benefits of frequency re-use, a blend of both bands was used
in this project. Cell configuration was largely limited by number of available carriers and the site
holding capacity.
Cells were generally split to three sectors. Calculations on traffic carried by cell dependent on
the frequency plan limitations. Grade of service was also a key consideration.

In this project, a 2 % grade of service was assumed for traffic modeling. A standard site
configuration of four carriers per sector was adopted.

 Number of cells per site: 3

 Number of carriers (TRXs) per cell: 4
 Channels per Transceiver: 8
 Reserved channels for signaling per site:5

Total available user Channels per sector:

= {(TRXs/cell) × (Chans/TRX)} − 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑠

= {4 × 8} − 5

= 27

To increase site carrying provision for half rate was factored in the design. A 40% half rate ratio
was considered.

Effective available channels:

= 1.4 × 27

= 37 Channels

Looking up on Erlang B table with 2% Grade of service,

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37 Channels equates to 23 Erlangs safety measure against traffic spikes and seasonal congestion,
a network utilization factor of 85% is maintained.

Hence Traffic dimensioned per sector is:

= 0.85 × 23 = 19.5 𝐸𝑟𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑠

Total Traffic per site therefore

= Traffic per sector × number of sectors in a site

= 19.5 × 3 = 57 𝐸𝑟𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑠

Considering the area terrain and traffic concentration, 6 sites were designed as street level single
sectored Micro sites. However, a symmetrical traffic distribution was assumed for the rest of the
three sectored Macro sites.

Total Micro sites Traffic = 19.5 × 6 𝐸𝑟𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑠

= 117 Channels

Traffic carried on Macro sites:

= Total Traffic × Micro site traffic

= 544 − 117

= 427 𝐸𝑟𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑠

Total Macro site traffic

Number of Macro sites required =
Traffic per site

427
= = 8 𝑆𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠
57

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Total sites required to carry capacity for the city with a population of 450,000 people were:

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