GEC4: PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION
Communication is defined as “the
imparting, conveying, or exchange of ideas,
knowledge and information” (Oxford Living
Dictionary)
Communication, basically, is specie
specific. Thus, communication is
exclusive for human.
Language plays a great role in
communication. It is impossible to
communicate without the use of
language.
Language is primarily human.
Human language is basically for
human. Therefore, animals were
failed to communicate to humans,
However, the communication is
limited yet human may derive
meanings from the actions of the
animals but not necessarily mean that
animals were communicating to
humans.
Basic Components of Communication
Sender. The source of information and the
one responsible in conceptualizing a
message. Basically, sender is the encoder of
a message—can either be request, idea or
command.
Encoder is the one who sent the
message; encoding is the process of
turning thoughts into
communication.
Message. The content is the information
encoded by the sender.
A message may be encoded in
various platforms such as pictures
(visual), mails (written), gestures
(nonverbal) and through talks or
spoken (verbal).
A message may not understand
easily due to some factors such as
noise (nuances) and/or context
(unclear and vague).
Receiver. The one whom a message is
directed. Receiver is the one to decode and
comprehend the message of the sender.
Decoder is the one who evaluates
and understands the message being
sent; decoding is the process of
understanding and analysing the
received message.
Feedback. The response of the receiver
regarding the message of the sender.
Hindrance to an effective communication
1. Noise. Any sort of interference that
affects the message being sent,
received, or understood.
2. Context. Setting and situation in
which communication takes place—
the surrounding may also incur
misunderstanding.
3. Content. The core meaning of the
message – sometimes vague and hard
to analyse.
Types of Communication
Verbal Communication. A communication
involved oral communication—verbalized
message and response.
Nonverbal Communication. The message
sent is mainly through gestures, body
language, facial expressions etc.
Written Communication. Messages were
conceptualized and sent through letters, e-
mails, and books. It does not involved oral
responses and gestures.
Visual Communication. Messages were
encoded through the use of symbols,
pictures, paintings and more.
Interpersonal Communication. A
communication and interaction with other
people.
Intrapersonal Communication. A one-
person type of communication where the
respondent is also the receiver.
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
1. Communication is an interaction
situation wherein the participants
are affected by each one’s
behaviour. The response to a certain
message can be affected by how the
sender delivered the message and
also depends on the communicants’
situation.
2. One does communicate. We
communicate even without the use of
words from mouth. A complete
silence, gestures and facial
expression are still considered ways
of communication.
3. The message received is not
necessarily the message sent. We
can interpret a statement or a
message based on the level of our
understanding. Sometimes, we relate
the message with our own
perspective and experience without
considering the actual intention of
the sender.
4. Communication occurs
simultaneously at more than one
level. The way we communicate
does not only confined through
verbal or oral. Non-verbal cues can
also be considered as the determinant
of how you see your relationship
with a person, how you see yourself
and how they should interpret your
messages.
ETHICS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Seek to “elicit the best” in
communications and interactions
with other group members.
2. Listen when others speak.
3. Speak non-judgementally.
4. Speak from your own experience.
5. Seek to understand others.
6. Avoid speaking for others.
7. Manage your own personal
boundaries: share only with what you
are comfortable sharing.
8. Respect the personal boundaries of
others.
9. Avoid interrupting and side
conversations.
10. Make sure that everyone has time to
speak.
Why communication is important?
1. Resolving Disputes
2. Knowledge
3. Building Genuine friends and
relationships
4. Sharing of emotions and feelings- a
sense of belongingness
5. Businesses exist because of
communication
6. Brand Promotion
7. Persuasion
8. It helps us express ourselves in a
clear fashion
9. Pleasurable experience
10. Satisfy our needs and getting a good
deal.
GLOBALIZATION in the internet were easily accessed
through internet and/or world wide
Globalization is the ongoing integration of
web.
the world economy (Cameron, 2007)
2. Business Conduct. Influenced
Globalization refers to the increasing Global communication by
interdependence among national implementing new techniques for
governments, business firms, non-profit business conduct among workers at
organizations, and individual citizens.” international corporations.
3. Social Awareness. Information
Globalization is “the understanding of the Technology and networks enable
world and the increased perception of the them to share opinions, views, work
world as a whole” (Ronal Robertson) on projects and research different
Impacts Of Globalization On areas/.
Communication 4. The Problem. Global
communication has not reached the
1. Virtual Interactions. A majority of people on all continents.
communication with other nations or On the Philippine setting, there are
nationality for business, political or still places without stable
academic agenda through the help of communication signals such as those
communication medium such as who lived at an isolated islands
electronic mails (e-mail) or internet- and/or those who are those in forest
aided social media platforms. areas and regions in the country.
2. Cultural Awareness in Speech. We
must have the ability to catch subtle
nuances of people’s manner of speech PROS AND CONS OF
when communicating across culture. GLOBALIZATION
3. Cultural Awareness in Body
Pros.
Language. We must understand
acceptable speaking distances, 1. Reduce barriers. (i.e. language
conflict styles, eye contact, and and cultural barriers)
postures in different cultures, 2. Promotes Global economic
accepting that the physical growth: creates job, makes
expressions of their own culture are companies more competitive, and
not universally accepted. lower prices for consumers.
4. Time Differences. We must 3. Competition between countries
understand the need to communicate may drive price down.
and share information with people 4. Cultural intermingling and each
across several time zones. country is learning more about
other culture.
Impact of Globalization on Global
5. We become more open towards
Communication
each other who lived in other part
1. Availability of Information. of the world.
Abundant resources of information
Cons.
 1. Globalization is not working for
majority of the world.
2. Incursion of communicable
diseases.
3. Exploitation of labor and other
social issues like human
trafficking.
4. Makes the rich richer and then
poor poorer.
5. Spread of fake information.
DEFINITION OF DIVERSITY
The concept of Diversity encompasses
acceptance and respect. It means
understanding that each individual is unique,
and recognizing our individual differences.
These can be along the dimensions of race,
ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-
economic status, age, physical abilities,
religious beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the
exploration of these differences in a safe,
positive, and nurturing environment. It is
about understanding each other and moving
beyond simple tolerance to embracing and
celebrating the rich dimensions of diversity
contained within each individual.
(glastone.uoregon.edu)
GLOBAL COMMUNITY
It refers to the people of the world;
considered as being closely connected by
modern telecommunications and as being
economically, socially and politically
interdependent.
CULTURAL AWARENESS AND
SENSITIVITY
It is basically knowing that there are
multiple different cultures- based on
religion, ethnicity, nationality and other
factors-that have different attitudes and
outlooks.
Cultural Sensitivity involves accepting those
differences without insisting that your own
culture is better, or that everyone should do
it your way.
Cultural Sensitivity skills are sometimes
called cultural competence, or the ability to
work alongside people with different
cultural attitudes and behaviours and to do
so effectively. (Sherman, 2018)
GENDER SENSITIVITY
It refers to the aim of understanding and
taking account of the societal and cultural
factors involved in gender-based exclusion
and discrimination in the most diverse
spheres of public and private life. It focuses
mainly on instances of structural
disadvantage in the positions and role of
women.
Gender sensitive words and/or basically the
realization of gender equality in both written
and spoken language. Gender equality in
language deliberately mean to remove the
barrier and role designation of each gender
because they (both gender) must be
addressed as persons of equal value, dignity,
integrity and respect.
Example of gender-neutral words are as
follows:
1. ancestors, forebears (instead of
forefathers)
2. artificial, manufactured (instead of
man-made)
3. representative, legislator (instead of
congressman)
4. person, individual (instead of man)
5. Police officer (instead of Policemen)
Gender-sensitivity also aims to erase the
stereotyping roles attributes. Stereotyping
roles mean certain jobs are presumed to be
performed only by a specific gender which
gives rise to gender-biased words (i.e
fireman, which shows that the job is
exclusive for man.)
POLITICAL CORRECTNESS
It is used to describe language, policies, or
measures that are intended to avoid offense
or disadvantage to members of particular
groups in society.
Political correctness is nothing more that
treating others with respect. Being kind.
Being nice person. And basically not being
too offensive or making judgements or
assumptions based on stereotypes.
Some useful words that may be used for
political correctness are as follows:
1. Academic dishonesty (instead of
cheating)
2. Aesthetically challenge (instead of
ugly)
3. Black (instead of Negro)
4. Comb-free (instead of bald)
5. Elderly or senior (instead of old)
6. Ethically disoriented (instead of
dishonest)
7. Informal settlers (instead of
squatters)
8. People of mass (instead of fat)
9. Nondiscretionary fragrance (instead
of body odor)
10. Intellectually impaired (instead of
stupid)